Content deleted Content added
No edit summary |
|||
Line 30:
''Hazzeret'' is undoubtedly domestic lettuce.<ref>Thus explained in Rabbi [[Hai Gaon]]'s Commentary on Mishnah ''Uktzin'' 1:2 [3]; ''Sefer Arukh'', s.v. חזרת; Mishnah Commentary of [[Rabbi Nathan, President of the Academy]], s.v. Mishnah ''Kila'im'' 1:2; Zohar Amar, ''Flora and Fauna in Maimonides' Teachings'', Kefar Darom 2015, p. 77 {{OCLC|783455868}}[Hebrew].</ref> The word is cognate to other Near-Eastern terms for lettuce: the Talmud identifies ''hazzeret'' as ''hassa'',<ref name=p39/> similar to the Akkadian ''hassu'' and the Arabic ''hass''.
Modern varieties of lettuce are only slightly bitter or not at all, such as [[iceberg lettuce]] and [[romaine lettuce]]. However, in the past domestic lettuce was bitter, and [[Heirloom plant|heirloom varieties]] of lettuce that are bitter are still available to gardeners. Romaine lettuce is the most commonly used variety, perhaps because it still preserves a slight bitter taste. In addition, the Talmud remarks that Romaine lettuce is not initially bitter, but becomes so later on, which is symbolic of the experience of the Jews in Egypt.<ref name=p39>[[Talmud]], [https://www.sefaria.org.il/Pesachim.39a.3 Pesachim 39a]</ref> The "later" bitterness of lettuce refers to fact that lettuce plants become bitter after they "bolt" (flower), a process which occurs naturally when days lengthen or temperatures rise.<ref>[https://www.thespruce.com/what-does-lettuce-bolt-do-1402981 Why Lettuce Bolts and How to Stop It]</ref>
Wild or [[Lactuca serriola|prickly lettuce (''Lactuca serriola'')]] is listed in [[Tosefta|Tosefta Pisha]] as suitable for ''maror'' under the name חזרת הגל or חזרת גלין. However, its absence from the approved list in the Mishnah and Talmud indicate that it is not halakhically suitable.
===`Ulshin===
The second species listed in the Mishnah is ''`ulshin'', which is a plural to refer to both wild and cultivated types<ref
===Tamcha===
| |||