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'''Midian''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɪ|d|i|ən}}; {{lang-he|מִדְיָן}} ''Miḏyān''; {{lang-ar|مَدْيَن|Madyan}}; {{lang-grc-gre|Μαδιάμ}}, ''Madiam''){{Efn | Also {{lang|grc|Μαδιανίτης}} for "Midianite".}} is a geographical region in [[West Asia]] mentioned in the [[Hebrew Bible]] and [[Quran]]. [[William G. Dever]] states that biblical Midian was in the "northwest [[Arabian Peninsula]], on the east shore of the [[Gulf of Aqaba]] on the [[Red Sea]]",<ref>{{citation |last= Dever |first= W. G. |author-link= William G. Dever |title=Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? |publisher=[[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.]] |date=2006 |isbn= 978-0-8028-4416-3 |page=34}}</ref> an area which contained at least 14 inhabited sites during the [[Bronze Age|Late Bronze]] and [[Iron Age|early Iron Ages]].{{sfn|Graf|2016|p=428}}.They were not allied with the Sabeans of Medina and maintained a connection to Abrahamic traditions.
 
According to the [[Book of Genesis]], the '''Midianites''' were the descendants of [[Midian, son of Abraham|Midian]], who was a son of [[Abraham]] and his wife [[Keturah]]: "Abraham took a wife, and her name was Keturah. And she bare him Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah" ([[Genesis (Hebrew Bible)|Genesis]] 25:1–2, [[Authorized King James Version|King James Version]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+25%3A1-2&version=KJV|title= Genesis 25:1–2 |version=King James Version |website=[[Bible Gateway]]}}</ref>