Loukozoa: Difference between revisions

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'''Loukozoa''' (+ [[Ancyromonadida|Ancyromonads]]) (From Greek ''loukos'': groove<ref name="pmid18092388" />) is a proposed taxon used in some classifications of [[eukaryote]]s, consisting of the Metamonada and Malawimonadea.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Cavalier-Smith|first=Thomas|title=Euglenoid pellicle morphogenesis and evolution in light of comparative ultrastructure and trypanosomatid biology: semi-conservative microtubule/strip duplication, strip shaping and transformation|journal=European Journal of Protistology|volume=61|issue=Pt A|pages=137–179|doi=10.1016/j.ejop.2017.09.002|pmid=29073503|year=2017|doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Ancyromonadida|Ancyromonads]] are closely related to this group, as sister of the entire group, or as sister of the Metamonada. [[Amorphea]] may have emerged in this grouping, specifically as sister of the Malawimonads.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lax|first1=Gordon|last2=Eglit|first2=Yana|last3=Eme|first3=Laura|last4=Bertrand|first4=Erin M.|last5=Roger|first5=Andrew J.|last6=Simpson|first6=Alastair G. B.|date=2018-11-14|title=Hemimastigophora is a novel supra-kingdom-level lineage of eukaryotes|journal=Nature|volume=564|issue=7736|pages=410–414|language=En|doi=10.1038/s41586-018-0708-8|pmid=30429611|bibcode=2018Natur.564..410L|s2cid=205570993|issn=0028-0836}}</ref>
 
Originally, Loukozoa included [[Anaeromonadea]] and [[Jakobid|Jakobea]].<ref name="pmid18092388" /> In 2013, it consisted of three subphyla: Eolouka ([[Tsukubea]] and [[Jakobid|Jakobea]]), [[Metamonad]]a and Neolouka (''[[Malawimonas]]'').<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cavalier-Smith|first=Thomas|title=Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa|journal=European Journal of Protistology|volume=49|issue=2|pages=115–178|doi=10.1016/j.ejop.2012.06.001|pmid=23085100|year=2013}}</ref> In 2018, Cavalier-Smith has recently removed Eolouka from Loukozoa, placing it instead in [[Discoba]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cavalier-Smith|first=Thomas|date=2018-01-01|title=Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences|journal=Protoplasma|language=en|volume=255|issue=1|pages=297–357|doi=10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3|pmid=28875267|pmc=5756292|issn=0033-183X}}</ref>
 
With the root of the Eukaryota likely close to or in Loukozoa or Discoba, these groupings are studied to give unique information on the first Eukaryotes.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Brown|first1=Matthew W|last2=Heiss|first2=Aaron A|last3=Kamikawa|first3=Ryoma|last4=Inagaki|first4=Yuji|last5=Yabuki|first5=Akinori|last6=Tice|first6=Alexander K|last7=Shiratori|first7=Takashi|last8=Ishida|first8=Ken-Ichiro|last9=Hashimoto|first9=Tetsuo|date=2018-01-19|title=Phylogenomics Places Orphan Protistan Lineages in a Novel Eukaryotic Super-Group|journal=Genome Biology and Evolution|language=en|volume=10|issue=2|pages=427–433|doi=10.1093/gbe/evy014|issn=1759-6653|pmc=5793813|pmid=29360967}}</ref>