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{{Short description|Writing art of the Persian language}}
{{Calligraphy}}
'''Persian calligraphy''' or '''Iranian calligraphy''' ({{lang-fa|{{Nastaliq|خوشنِویسیِ ایرانی}}|translit=Xošnevisi-ye Irani
==History==
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===History of Nasta'liq===
After the [[Muslim conquest of Persia|introduction of Islam]] in the 7th century, Persians adapted the Arabic alphabet to [[Persian language|Persian]] and developed the contemporary [[Persian alphabet]]. The Arabic alphabet has 28 characters. An additional four letters were added by Iranians,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=|title=History - Persian Calligraphy-
Around one thousand years ago, [[Ibn Muqlah]] ({{lang-fa|{{Nastaliq|ابنِ مقله بيضاوی شيرازی}}}}) and his brother created six genres of Iranian calligraphy, namely "[[Muhaqqaq|Mohaqiq]]", "[[Rayhani script|Reyhan]]", "[[Thuluth|Sols]]", "[[Naskh (script)|Naskh]]", "[[Tawqi|Toqi]]" and "[[Reqa]]". These genres were common for four centuries in Persia. In the 7th century (Hijri calendar), Hassan Farsi Kateb combined the "Naskh" and "
In the 17th century Morteza Gholi Khan Shamlou and Mohammad Shafi Heravi created a new genre called cursive Nastaʿlīq [[Shekasteh Nastaʿlīq]] ({{lang-fa|{{Nastaliq|شکسته نستعلیق}}}})). Almost a century later, Abdol-Majid Taleqani, who was a prominent artist at the time, brought this genre to its highest level. This calligraphic style is based on the same rules as Nas’taliq. However, cursive Nas’taliq has a few significant differences: it provides more flexible movements, and it is slightly more stretched and curved. Yadollah Kaboli is one of the most prominent contemporary calligraphers within this style.
<gallery>
File:Sultan 'Ali Mashhadi (Persian, 1442-1519). Folio of Poetry From the Divan of Sultan Husayn Mirza, ca. 1490.jpg|''Folio of Poetry From the Divan of Sultan Husayn Mirza'',
File:Agra castle India persian poem.jpg|Calligraphy of Persian poems on large [[pishtaq]] at the [[Agra Fort]], [[India]]
File:Miremad-1.jpg|Chalipa panel, [[Mir Emad]].
File:Khalili Collection Islamic Art cal 0175.2.jpg|Calligraphic composition by Shah Mahmud Nishapuri, a 16th
▲File:Khalili Collection Islamic Art cal 0175.2.jpg|Calligraphic composition by Shah Mahmud Nishapuri, a 16th century master of Nasta'liq
</gallery>
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*[[Shekasteh Nastaʿlīq]] (Cursive Nasta'liq)
*Naghashi-khat (Painting-Calligraphy combined)
==Most notable figures==
{{more citations needed|date=August 2015}}
*[[Mir Ali Tabrizi]]
*[[Mir Emad]]
*[[Gholam Hossein Amirkhani]]
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== References ==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{commons category|Persian calligraphy}}
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*[http://persiancalligraphy.org/History-of-Calligraphy.html Brief history of Persian Calligraphy]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140102192513/http://ioragallery.com/explore/about-persian-calligraphy About history of Persian Calligraphy and its different styles]
*[https://www.reed.edu/persian-calligraphy/en/ Anthology of Iranian Masters of Calligraphy]
{{Islamic calligraphy}}
{{Intangible Heritage Iran}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Persian calligraphy| ]]
[[Category:Islamic calligraphy]]
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