Polyhalogenated compound: Difference between revisions

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A '''Polyhalogenatedpolyhalogenated compoundscompound''' (PHCs'''PHC''') areis any compoundscompound with multiple substitutions of [[halogen]]s. They are of particular interest and importance because they [[bioaccumulate]] in humans, and comprise a superset of which has many toxic and carcinogenic industrial chemicals as members. [[Polybrominated diphenyl ethers|PBDE]]s, [[Polychlorinated biphenyl|PCB]]s, [[Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins|dioxins (PCDDs)]] and [[Perfluorinated compounds|PFC]]s are all polyhalogenated compounds. They are generally non-[[miscible]] in organic solvents or water, but miscible in some [[hydrocarbons]] from which they often derive.
 
==Uses==
PHCs are used in a vast array of manufactured products, from wood treatments, to cookware coatings, to non-stick, waterproof, and fire-resistant coatings, cosmetics, medicine, electronic fluids, food containers, and wrappings, in everything from [[furniture]] and furnishings, [[automobiles]], [[airplanes]], [[plastics]], [[clothing]] and cloth, surgery, insulation, adhesives, paints, sealants, lubricating oils, polyurethane foams, cancer therapy, and medical imaging. They are also heavily used in [[pest control]].
 
==Safety==
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==Breakdown of compounds==
Despite bioaccumulating in humans, it has been claimed that a method during manufacture using anaerobic bacteria may be efficacious <ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1038/368627a0|pmid = 8145847|title = Metabolism of polyhalogenated compounds by a genetically engineered bacterium|journal = Nature|volume = 368|issue = 6472|pages = 627–629|year = 1994|last1 = Wackett|first1 = Lawrence P.|last2 = Sadowsky|first2 = Michael J.|last3 = Newman|first3 = Lisa M.|last4 = Hur|first4 = Hor-Gil|last5 = Li|first5 = Shuying|bibcode = 1994Natur.368..627W|s2cid = 4315658}}</ref>
Despite bioaccumulating in humans, patents have been filed for removal of halogen by electrolysis<ref>[http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/4585533/description.html US Patent 4585533 - Removal of halogen from polyhalogenated compounds by electrolysis] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612201225/http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/4585533/description.html |date=2011-06-12 }}</ref> during manufacturing, though toxic chlorinated compounds may be created as byproducts of chlorinated compounds. Another method during manufacture is to use anaerobic bacteria <ref>[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v368/n6472/abs/368627a0.html Metabolism of polyhalogenated compounds by a genetically engineered bacterium]</ref>
 
==References==