Content deleted Content added
Restored revision 1233867385 by Plantsurfer (talk): Obviously not WP:MEDRS compliant |
m Fixing style/layout errors |
||
Line 90:
The [[International Potato Center]], based in [[Lima]], Peru, holds 4,870 types of potato [[germplasm]], most of which are traditional [[landrace]] cultivars.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cultivated Potato Genebank |url=https://cipotato.org/genebankcip/potato-cultivated/ |access-date=15 June 2021 |publisher=International Potato Center}}</ref> In 2009 a draft sequence of the potato genome was made, containing 12 chromosomes and 860 million base pairs, making it a medium-sized plant genome.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Visser |first1=R.G.F. |last2=Bachem |first2=C.W.B. |last3=Boer |first3=J.M. |last4=Bryan |first4=G.J. |last5=Chakrabati |first5=S.K. |last6=Feingold |first6=S. |last7=Gromadka |first7=R. |last8=Ham |first8=R.C.H.J. |last9=Huang |first9=S. |last10=Jacobs |first10=J.M.E. |last11=Kuznetsov |first11=B. |last12=Melo |first12=P.E. |last13=Milbourne |first13=D. |last14=Orjeda |first14=G. |last15=Sagredo |first15=B. |display-authors=3 |year=2009 |title=Sequencing the Potato Genome: Outline and First Results to Come from the Elucidation of the Sequence of the World's Third Most Important Food Crop |journal=American Journal of Potato Research |volume=86 |issue=6 |pages=417–29 |doi=10.1007/s12230-009-9097-8 |doi-access=free |last16=Tang |first16=X.}}</ref>
It had been thought that most potato [[cultivar]]s derived from a single [[Indigenous (ecology)|origin]] in southern [[Peru]] and extreme Northwestern [[Bolivia]], from a species in the ''[[Solanum brevicaule
Most modern potatoes grown in North America arrived through European settlement and not independently from the South American sources. At least one wild potato species, ''[[Solanum fendleri |S. fendleri]]'', occurs in North America; it is used in breeding for resistance to a [[nematode]] species that attacks cultivated potatoes. A secondary center of genetic variability of the potato is Mexico, where important wild species that have been used extensively in modern breeding are found, such as the hexaploid ''[[Solanum demissum |S. demissum]]'', used as a source of resistance to the devastating [[late blight]] disease (''[[Phytophthora infestans]]'').<ref name="PlDis2011" /> Another relative native to this region, ''[[Solanum bulbocastanum]]'', has been used to genetically engineer the potato to resist potato blight.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Song |first1=J |last2=Bradeen |first2=J.M. |last3=Naess |first3=S.K. |last4=Raasch |first4=J.A. |last5=Wielgus |first5=S.M. |last6=Haberlach |first6=G.T. |last7=Liu |first7=J |last8=Kuang |first8=H |last9=Austin-Phillips |first9=S |last10=Buell |first10=C.R. |last11=Helgeson |first11=J.P. |last12=Jiang |first12=J |year=2003 |title=Gene RB cloned from ''Solanum bulbocastanum'' confers broad spectrum resistance to potato late blight |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]] |volume=100 |issue=16 |pages=9128–9133 |bibcode=2003PNAS..100.9128S |doi=10.1073/pnas.1533501100 |pmc=170883 |pmid=12872003 |doi-access=free}}</ref> {{Anchor |Navajo potato}} Many such [[crop wild relative |wild relatives]] are useful for breeding [[Plant disease resistance |resistance]] to ''P. infestans''.<ref name="Genes">{{Cite journal |last1=Paluchowska |first1=Paulina |last2=Sliwka |first2=Jadwiga |last3=Yin |first3=Zhimin |year=2022 |title=Late blight resistance genes in potato breeding |journal=[[Planta (journal) |Planta]] |publisher=[[Springer Science and Business Media LLC]] |volume=255 |issue=6 |page=127 |bibcode=2022Plant.255..127P |doi=10.1007/s00425-022-03910-6 |issn=0032-0935 |eissn=1432-2048 |pmc=9110483 |pmid=35576021}}</ref>
| |||