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[[File:Tétradrachme du royaume Lagide à l'effigie de Ptolémée.jpg|thumb|240x240px|[[Tetradrachm]] of [[Ptolemy II Philadelphus]] with the [[Eagle of Zeus]]. Greek inscription reads ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ {{Lit|[coin] of Ptolemy}}]]
'''Ptolemy''' ({{lang-grc|Πτολεμαῖος}}, ''Ptolemaios'') is a male given name, derived from [[Ancient Greek]] and meaning 'warlike'.<ref>{{OEtymD|Ptolemy}}</ref> It is formed from the [[Homeric Greek|Epic Greek]] [[wikt:πτόλεμος|πτόλεμος]] ''ptolemos'' meaning 'war'.<ref>{{LSJ|pto/lemos|πτόλεμος|ref}}.</ref> The name was used throughout the [[Ancient Greece|Greek world]], but was particularly popular in [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|ancient Macedon]] and its nobility. During the [[Hellenistic period|Hellenistic]] period, [[Ptolemy I Soter]], a general of [[Alexander the Great]], founded the [[Ptolemaic dynasty]] which ruled their [[Ptolemaic Kingdom|Kingdom]] in [[Ancient Egypt]]. All male rulers of the dynasty bore the name 'Ptolemy', the last being [[Ptolemy XII Auletes]], father of [[Cleopatra]]. Common variants include '''Ptolemaeus''' (Latin), '''Tolomeo''' (Italian) and [[Talmai]] (Hebrew).
==Etymology==
The name ''Ptolemaios'' varied over the years from its roots in [[ancient Greece]], appearing in different languages in various forms and spellings:
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* {{lang-it|Tolomeo}}
* {{lang-en|Ptolemy}}
* {{lang-egy|
* {{lang-cop|ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲉⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ}} ''Ptolemaios''
* [[Phoenician language|Phoenician]]: 𐤐𐤕𐤋𐤌𐤉𐤎 (ptlmys) or 𐤐𐤕𐤋𐤌𐤉𐤔 (ptlmyš)
* [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] and [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]: תלמי (tlmy) ''[[wikt:תלמי|
* [[Middle Persian]] 𐭯𐭲𐭫𐭬𐭥𐭱 (ptlmywš) ''Patlamyōš''
* {{lang-fa|بَطلَمیوس، پتُلِمَیوس}} ''Baṭlamīūs/ Ptolemaios''
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The name ''Ptolemy'' spread from its Greek origins to enter other languages in [[Western Asia]] during the [[Hellenistic period|Hellenisation]] that followed the conquest of the known world by [[Alexander the Great]].
The Aramaic name "Bar
[[Ptolemais (disambiguation)|Ptolemais]] is formed from this name by the Greek feminine adjectival ending ''-i(d)s''.
==Claudius Ptolemaeus==
[[Ptolemy]] commonly refers to Claudius Ptolemaeus (ca. 90 AD–ca. 168 AD), a writer, geographer, mathematician, astronomer and astrologer who lived in the Alexandrine Greek culture of Roman Egypt.
{{Hiero|Ptolemy|<hiero>< p:t-wA-l:M-i-i-s ></hiero>|align=right|era=egypt}}▼
{{main|Ptolemaic dynasty}}▼
==Early Greek rulers and generals named Ptolemy==
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*[[Ptolemy (son of Pyrrhus)]] (295–272 BC) – a son of king [[Pyrrhus of Epirus]]
*[[Ptolemy of Epirus]] – King of the Greek frontier kingdom of Epirus c. 237 BC – 234 ВС
▲==Egyptian Ptolemaic dynasty==
▲{{main|Ptolemaic dynasty}}
▲{{Hiero|Ptolemy|<hiero>< p:t-wA-l:M-i-i-s ></hiero>|align=right|era=egypt}}
▲The Ptolemaic dynasty, of Macedonian origin, ruled Hellenistic Egypt for nearly 300 years, from 305 BC to 30 BC. The kings of this dynasty, the first of which was [[Ptolemy I Soter]] (303–282 BC), were all named Ptolemy, as were several other members of the dynasty.
==Other people named Ptolemy or Ptolemaeus ==
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*[[Tolomeo Mwansa]] (1941-2014), a Zambian football goalkeeper
*[[Giovanni Battista Tolomei]] (1653–1726), Italian Jesuit priest, theologian, and cardinal
==Places==
* [[Mount Ptolemy (Antarctica)]]
* [[Mount Ptolemy (Canada)]]
==Uses in arts and entertainment==
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*''[[Ptolemy's Gate]]'', published 2005, is the third book in ''The Bartimaeus Trilogy'', a fantasy series by the English author Jonathan Stroud. The series includes a character called Ptolemy, from 2nd century BC Ptolemaic Egypt, who is nephew to [[Ptolemy VIII]] and cousin to [[Ptolemy IX]]
*''[[Ptolemaic Terrascope]]'' is a magazine founded in 1989. The name was inspired by "Ptolemy the turtle, who lives at Terrascope Towers". Various artworks and logos feature an astronomer peering through a 'terrascope', so Ptolemaic may here refer to [[Claudius Ptolemaeus]]
*''The Last Days of Ptolemy Grey'' is a novel by [[Walter Mosley]], later adapted into [[The Last Days of Ptolemy Grey|a miniseries of the same name]], whose titular character is a lonely 93-year-old man with dementia.
* ''Ptolemy'', a track by Aphex Twin from the 1992 album ''[[Selected Ambient Works 85–92]]''
* ''Ptolemaea'', a song by [[Ethel Cain]] from her debut album [[Preacher's Daughter]]
==See also==
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*[[Tolomeo (disambiguation)]]
==
{{reflist|group="note"}}
<references/>
{{given name}}
[[Category:Etymologies]]
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