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==Life and career==
[[File:major-dyer-1903.jpg|thumb|left|90px|Major Reginald Dyer at the [[Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1903|Delhi Durbar of 1903]]]]
Dyer was born in [[Murree]], in the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab province]] of [[British Raj|British India]], which is now in [[Pakistan]] on 9 October 1864. He was the son of Edward Dyer, a brewer who managed the [[Murree Brewery]], and Mary Passmore.{{sfn|Collett|2006|p=3}}<ref>Oxford History of the British Empire Companion Series Ireland and the British Empire Kenny, Kevin 2004 Oxford University Press page 90</ref> He spent his childhood in [[Murree]] and [[Shimla]] and received his early education at the [[Lawrence College Ghora Gali]], Murree and [[Bishop Cotton Boys’ School (Bangalore)|Bishop Cotton Boys’ School]] in Bangalore. From eleven he attended [[Midleton College]] in [[County Cork]], Ireland,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imt.ie/news/amritsar-and-the-irish-connections-29-09-2009/|title=Amritsar and the Irish connections|date=29 September 2009|publisher=Irish Medical Times|access-date=13 April 2019}}</ref>{{sfn|Colvin|1929|p=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.208303/page/n23/mode/2up 9]}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Chauhan |first=Pratibha |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/himachal/the-evil-cottonian-who-let-the-school-down-753414 |title=The 'Evil Cottonian' who let the school down|agency=Tribune News service |work=The Tribune |language=en|access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref> before briefly studying medicine, at the [[Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=News from the archives: a recent accession|url=https://www.nationalarchives.ie/article/news-archives-recent-accession/|access-date=6 June 2020|website=The National Archives of Ireland|language=en-US}}</ref> Dyer then decided to pursue a military career, and enrolled at the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst|Royal Military College of Sandhurst]], from where he graduated in 1885. He was also fluent in a number of Indian languages as well as [[Persian language|Persian]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=III |first=H. W. Crocker |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T4_mAgAAQBAJ |title=The Politically Incorrect Guide to the British Empire |date=2011-10-24 |publisher=Regnery Publishing |isbn=978-1-59698-629-9 |language=en}}</ref>
Following his graduation, Dyer was commissioned into the [[Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)]] as a lieutenant,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25506|page=4082|date=28 August 1885}}</ref> and performed [[riot control]] duties in [[Belfast]] ([[1886 Belfast riots|1886]]) and served in the [[Third Burmese War]] (1886–87). He transferred to the [[Bengal Army]], initially joining the [[Bengal Staff Corps]] as a lieutenant in 1887.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25766|page=6940|date=13 December 1887}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25883|page=7141|date=14 December 1888}}</ref> He was attached to the 39th Bengal Infantry, later transferring to the [[29th Punjabis]]. Dyer served in the latter in the Black Mountain campaign (1888), the [[Chitral (princely state)|Chitral]] [[Chitral Expedition|Relief]] (1895) (promoted to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]] in 1896)<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=26795|page=6276|date=17 November 1896}}</ref> and the [[Mahsud]] blockade (1901–02). In 1901 he was appointed a [[Adjutant General|deputy assistant adjutant general]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27362|page=6489|date=4 October 1901}}</ref>
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