St. Mary's Church, Rostock: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Revision as of 22:51, 21 June 2015 edit KasparBot (talk \| contribs) 1,549,811 edits embed {{Authority control}} with wikidata information ← Previous edit		Latest revision as of 16:05, 1 May 2024 edit undo BD2412 (talk \| contribs) Autopatrolled, IP block exemptions, Administrators 2,379,009 edits m clean up spacing around commas and other punctuation fixes, replaced: ; → ; (2) Tag: AWB
(24 intermediate revisions by 18 users not shown)
Line 1: {{Short description\|Church in Rostock, Germany}} [[File:~~Marienkirche in Rostock~~20140327_Rostock_Marienkirche_DSC09871_PtrQs.jpg\|thumb\|Western front of St. Mary]] [[Image:Rostock St. Marien Kirche 1.jpg\|thumb\|St. Mary's Church with transept (left) and choir]] [[Image:Dörte Helm - Blick auf die Rostocker Marienkirche (1916).jpg\|thumb\|Dörte Helm "St. Mary´s Church" (1916)]] '''St. Mary's Church, Rostock''', in German '''Marienkirche''', is the biggest of three town churches found in the [[Hanseatic League\|Hanseatic]] city of [[Rostock]], in [[northern Germany]]. The other two are [[St. Petrikirche, Rostock\|St. Peter's]] ''(Petrikirche)'' and St. Nicholas ''(Nikolaikirche''). A fourth, St. James' ''(Jakobikirche)'', was heavily damaged during the Second World War and subsequently demolished. St. Mary's was designated in 1265 as the main parish church. ~~and since~~Since the [[Protestant Reformation]] in 1531, it's ~~the house of~~houses a congregation of the [[Evangelical Lutheran State Church of Mecklenburg]]. ==Building== Line 8 ⟶ 10: ==Interior== [[Image:HPIM0012.JPG\|thumb\|left\|The gilded high altar depicts important biblical themes.]] [[Image:~~Astrologische~~Astronomische Uhr ~~Marienkirche~~St. zuMarien–Kirche Rostock.jpg\|thumb\|The medieval astronomical clock at St. Mary's~~, to be renovated by 2017~~.]] ;High Altar The high altar was built in 1721 by a Berlin craftsman, mainly from painted wood. The altar shows in three pictures; Bottom: " The Last Supper " ; Middle: " The Resurrection " ; Top: " The Effusion of the Holy Spirit " . ;Pulpit The Pulpit in the style of ~~renaissance~~Renaissance made by Rudolf Stockmann in 1574. It was the first item of decoration to be installed in St. Mary's Church after the Reformation. Decorated with scenes from the passion of Jesus and a baroque [[abat-voix]] from 1723, the pulpit now creates the effect of a unit. To ~~get~~compensate ~~over~~for the poor acoustics in St. Mary's, the pulpit was built in the middle of the church to ensure closeness to the congregation. ;Stained Windows The monumental south portal window of the [[transept]] with a height of 26 meters shows The Day of Judgement. It is one of the largest single stained glass windows in Europe and was made by " [[Tyrol (state)\|Tyrol]]ean [[stained glass]] [[Innsbruck]] " from 1894 till 1904. It survived the Second World War in various states of disrepair. It was thoroughly restored between 2003 and 2008 by a Mecklenburgean master from Dresden, and equipped with a protective glazing. ;Astronomical Clock Line 26 ⟶ 28: ;Baptismal Font The Bronze font from 1290 is one of the oldest pieces in St. Mary's. The font is decorated with scenes from the life and passion of Jesus. The font is carried by four kneeling men ( representing Earth, Water, Air and Fire ) and the lid is crowned by a bronze ~~eagel~~eagle. According to the inscription, the basin was founded for Easter 1290 and the work was carried out in a Rostock workshop. During ~~the~~ [[World War II]], the Bronze font was hidden somewhere in Mecklenburg by the church staff to prevent it from being melted down for war material.▼ ~~The Bronze font from 1290 is one of the oldest pieces in St. Mary's.~~ ▲The font is decorated with scenes from the life and passion of Jesus. The font is carried by four kneeling men ( Earth, Water, Air and Fire ) and the lid is crowned by a bronze eagel. According to the inscription, the basin was founded for Easter 1290 and the work was carried out in a Rostock workshop. During the [[World War II]] the Bronze font was hidden somewhere in Mecklenburg by the church staff to prevent it from being melted down for war material. ;St. Roch Altar The late gothic [[St. Roch]] altar is a ~~sidealtar~~side altar, of which there were once 39 in this church. Manufactured from [[oak]] wood in 1530, the master [[wood carving\|carver]] ~~can~~was ~~probably~~likely bepart ~~found in~~of the ~~circles~~circle around carver Benedict Dreyer of [[Lübeck]]. In the centre of the shrine is the patron Saint Roch. An angel points to the plague spot, the attribute of the deadly disease. Roch is a saint of the [[Black Death]]. ~~and it is~~Scholars ~~assumed~~believe that the altar was built and set up in connection with Black Death epidemics in Europe, which also ravaged in Rostock. == Organ == [[Image:~~Marienkirche-Orgel~~20140327_Rostock_Marienkirche_DSC09877_PtrQs.jpg\|thumb\|left\|The organ from 1770]] The huge baroque facade of the "Marienorgel" was designed and built in 1770 by Paul Schmidt, [[organ (music)\|organ]] builder of Rostock. Because of faults in the wind supply, it did not fulfill the expectations and it was completely rebuilt in 1793 by Ernst Marx of Berlin. Further modifications were undertaken at the end of the 19th century. In 1938, the organ was rebuilt again by the Sauer firm of Frankfurt/Oder. Today, it contains 83 [[organ stop\|stops]] with 5.700[[Organ pipe\|pipes]], playable by [[electro-pneumatic action]] on four [[manual (music)\|manuals]] and [[pedal keyboard\|pedal]]. About 30 stops have been retained from the previous instruments. Because of faults in the wind supply, it did not fulfill the expectations and it was completely rebuilt in 1793 by Ernst Marx of Berlin. Further modifications were undertaken at the end of the 19th century. In 1938, the organ was rebuilt again by the Sauer firm of Frankfurt/Oder. Today, it contains 83 [[organ stop\|stops]] with 5.700[[Organ pipe \| pipes]], playable by [[electro-pneumatic action]] on four [[manual (music)\|manuals]] and [[pedal keyboard\|pedal]]. About 30 stops have been retained from the previous instruments. == World War II == [[File:Egon Tschirch - Die zerstörte Stadt - 1942.jpg\|thumb\|[[Egon Tschirch]] ″Die zerstörte Stadt″ (″The destroyed town″, 1942)]] InDuring the ~~1942~~ heavy air [[Raid (military)\|raid]]s by the [[Royal Air Force]] in 1942, which lasted three days, much of Rostock was destroyed. The [[sexton (office)\|sexton]] of St. Mary's, Mr. Bombowski, saved the church by decisive action. Although three [[Incendiary ammunition\|incendiary bombs]] smashed through the roof of the tower, he extinguished the fire with the help from his daughter and a German auxiliary [[airforce]] commando. ~~Comment of the former~~Former "[[NSDAP]] Kreisleiter" ( the local [[Nazi]] ~~Party chief~~party leader) and then Lord Mayor of Rostock, Walter Volgmann, -said, " The old hut should have burned down ".{{citation needed\|date=September 2018}} Inside the church is a famous picture by the painter [[Egon Tschirch]] from ~~1947~~1942, which depicts St. Mary's Church surrounded by ruins. == Rostock skyline with St. Mary's == {{wide image\|Panorama1.jpg\|1700px\|Panorama of Rostock from the bank of the [[Warnow]] river during the [[Hanse Sail]] with St. Mary's Church in the middle and St. Nicholas Church on the left}} ==Notable people== [[Daniel Friderici]], cantor at St. Mary's Church from 1618-1638<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia \|date=2001 \|title=Friderici, Daniel\|encyclopedia=[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians\|Grove Music Online]] \|series=Oxford Music Online \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]\|author=Martin Ruhnke, revised by Dorothea Schröder\|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.10251}}</ref> [[Nikolaus Hasse]], organist at St. Mary's Church from 1642-1671<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia \|date=2001 \|title=Hasse, Nikolaus\|encyclopedia=[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians\|Grove Music Online]] \|series=Oxford Music Online \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]\|author=David J. Nichols\|doi=10.1093/omo/9781561592630.013.90000380290}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} == Sources ==▼ * "Architekturführer DDR Bezirk Rostock " - Verlag für Bauwesen, 1977▼ * "In deinen Mauern herrsche Eintracht und allgemeines Wohlergehen", Karsten Schröder - Ingo Koch Verlag, 2002▼ * "ROSTOCK - a tour of the city under the symbols of bull and griffin", Selma Kleinfeldt - Klatschmohn Verlag, 1997▼ * "Tadellöser & Wolff ", Walter Kempowski - Random House, 1996▼ == External links == * [http://www.marienkirche-rostock.de Marienkirche Rostock] - English content provided * [http://www.mv-terra-incognita.de/beitraege/denkmale/b/marien/marien.htm Historische Rostocker Bauwerke – Die St.-Marien-Kirche] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080613144407/http://www.rettet-st-marien-rostock.de/ Stiftung St.-Marien-Kirche zu Rostock e. V.] * [http://www.st-marien-kantorei-rostock.de Marien-Kantorei Rostock] - English content provided {{Coord\|54.090\|N\|12.139\|E\|display=title\|source:dewiki\|format=dms}}▼ ▲== Sources == {{Use dmy dates\|date=~~November~~January ~~2010~~2021}}▼ ▲* "Architekturführer DDR Bezirk Rostock " - Verlag für Bauwesen 1977 ▲* "In deinen Mauern herrsche Eintracht und allgemeines Wohlergehen", Karsten Schröder - Ingo Koch Verlag 2002 ▲* "ROSTOCK - a tour of the city under the symbols of bull and griffin", Selma Kleinfeldt - Klatschmohn Verlag 1997 ▲* "Tadellöser & Wolff ", Walter Kempowski - Random House 1996 ▲{{Coord\|54.090\|N\|12.139\|E\|display=title\|source:dewiki}} ▲{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2010}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Churches in Rostock\|Mary]]▼ [[Category:Lutheran churches in ~~Germany\|~~Rostock \|Mary]] [[Category:Lutheran ~~church buildings~~churches converted from Roman Catholicism\|Rostock Mary]] [[Category:Brick Gothic\|Rostock Mary]] [[Category:Gothic architecture in Germany\|Rostock Mary]] ▲[[Category:~~Churches~~Tourist attractions in Rostock\|~~Mary~~MaryChurch]]