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{{Short description|Church in Rostock, Germany}}
'''St. Mary's Church, Rostock''', in German '''Marienkirche''', is the biggest of three town churches found in the [[Hanseatic League|Hanseatic]] city of [[Rostock]], in northern Germany. The other two are [[St. Petrikirche, Rostock|St. Petri]] ''(Petrikirche)'' and St. Nicholas ''(Nikolaikirche''). A fourth, St. James ''(Jakobikirche)'', was heavily damaged during the Second World War and subsequently demolished. St. Mary's was designated in 1265 as the main parish church and since the [[protestant reformation]] in 1531 it's the house of the [[Evangelical-Lutheran]] Congregation. [[Image:Rostock St. Marien Kirche 1.jpg|thumb|180px|St. Mary's Church with transept (left) and choir]]▼
[[File:20140327_Rostock_Marienkirche_DSC09871_PtrQs.jpg|thumb|Western front of St. Mary]]
[[Image:Rostock St. Marien Kirche 1.jpg|thumb|St. Mary's Church with transept (left) and choir]]
[[Image:Dörte Helm - Blick auf die Rostocker Marienkirche (1916).jpg|thumb|Dörte Helm "St. Mary´s Church" (1916)]]
▲'''St. Mary's Church, Rostock''', in German '''Marienkirche''', is the biggest of three town churches found in the [[Hanseatic League|Hanseatic]] city of [[Rostock]], in [[northern Germany]]. The other two are [[St. Petrikirche, Rostock|St.
==Building==
St. Mary's Church
==Interior==
[[Image:Astronomische Uhr St. Marien–Kirche Rostock.jpg|thumb|The medieval astronomical clock at St. Mary's.]]
▲[[Image:HPIM0012.JPG|thumb|left|The gilded high altar depicts important Biblical themes.]]
The high altar was built in 1721 by a Berlin craftsman, mainly from painted wood. The altar shows in three pictures; Bottom: " The Last Supper "
▲'''High Altar'''
The Pulpit in the style of
▲The high altar was built in 1721 by a Berlin craftsman, mainly from painted wood. The altar shows in three pictures; Bottom: " The Last Supper " ; Middle: " The Resurrection " ; Top: " The Effusion of the Holy Spirit " .
▲'''Pulpit'''
▲The Pulpit in the style of renaissance made by Rudolf Stockmann in 1574. It was the first item of decoration to be installed in St. Mary's Church after the Reformation. Decorated with scenes from the passion of Jesus and a baroque abat-voix from 1723, the pulpit now creates the effect of a unit. To get over the poor acoustics in St. Mary's, the pulpit was built in the middle of the church to ensure closeness to the congregation.
'''Stained Windows'''▼
The monumental south portal window of the [[transept]] with a height of 26 meters shows The Day of Judgement. It is one of the largest single stained glass windows in Europe and was made by
"
It survived the Second World War in various states of disrepair.
It was thoroughly restored between 2003 and 2008 by a Mecklenburgean master from Dresden, and equipped with a protective glazing.
''See [[Rostock Astronomical Clock]]''
The Bronze font from 1290 is one of the oldest pieces in St. Mary's. The font is decorated with scenes from the life and passion of Jesus. The font is carried by four kneeling men ( representing Earth, Water, Air and Fire ) and the lid is crowned by a bronze
▲'''Baptismal Font'''
The late gothic [[St. Roch]] altar is a
▲The font is decorated with scenes from the life and passion of Jesus. The font is carried by four kneeling men ( Earth, Water, Air and Fire ) and the lid is crowned by a bronze eagel. According to the inscription, the basin was founded for Easter 1290 and the work was carried out in a Rostock workshop. During the [[World War II]] the Bronze font was hidden somewhere in Mecklenburg by the church staff to prevent it from being melted down for war material.
▲'''St. Roch Altar'''
▲The late gothic [[St. Roch]] altar is a sidealtar of once 39 in this church. Manufactured from [[oak]] wood in 1530 the master [[wood carving|carver]] can probably be found in the circles around carver Benedict Dreyer of [[Lübeck]]. In the centre of the shrine is the patron Saint Roch. An angel points to the plague spot, the attribute of the deadly disease. Roch is a saint of [[Black Death]] and it is assumed that the altar was built and set up in connection with Black Death epidemics which also ravaged in Rostock.
== Organ ==
[[Image:
The huge baroque facade of the "Marienorgel" was designed and built in 1770 by Paul Schmidt, [[organ (music)|organ]] builder of Rostock. Because of faults in the wind supply, it did not fulfill the expectations and it was completely rebuilt in 1793 by Ernst Marx of Berlin. Further modifications were undertaken at the end of the 19th century. In 1938, the organ was rebuilt again by the Sauer firm of Frankfurt/Oder. Today, it contains 83 [[organ stop|stops]] with 5.700[[Organ pipe|pipes]], playable by [[electro-pneumatic action]] on four [[manual (music)|manuals]] and [[pedal keyboard|pedal]]. About 30 stops have been retained from the previous instruments.
== World War II ==
[[File:Egon Tschirch - Die zerstörte Stadt - 1942.jpg|thumb|[[Egon Tschirch]] ″Die zerstörte Stadt″ (″The destroyed town″, 1942)]]
== Rostock skyline with St. Mary's ==
▲In the 1942 heavy air [[Raid (military)|raid]]s by the [[RAF]], which lasted three days, much of Rostock was destroyed. The [[sexton]] of St. Mary's Mr. Bombowski saved the church by decisive action. Although three [[Incendiary ammunition|incendiary bombs]] smashed through the roof of the tower, he extinguished the fire with the help from his daughter and a German auxiliary [[airforce]] commando. Comment of the former "[[NSDAP]] Kreisleiter" ( the local [[Nazi]] Party chief ) and then Lord Mayor of Rostock, Walter Volgmann - " The old hut should have burned up". Inside the church is a famous picture by the painter [[Egon Tschirch]] from 1947 which depicts St. Mary's Church surrounded by ruins.
{{wide image|Panorama1.jpg|1700px|Panorama of Rostock from the bank of the [[Warnow]] river during the [[Hanse Sail]] with St. Mary's Church in the middle and St. Nicholas Church on the left}}
==Notable people==
== External links ==▼
*[[Daniel Friderici]], cantor at St. Mary's Church from 1618-1638<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |date=2001 |title=Friderici, Daniel|encyclopedia=[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|Grove Music Online]] |series=Oxford Music Online |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|author=Martin Ruhnke, revised by Dorothea Schröder|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.10251}}</ref>
* [http://www.marienkirche-rostock.de Marienkirche Rostock]▼
*[[Nikolaus Hasse]], organist at St. Mary's Church from 1642-1671<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |date=2001 |title=Hasse, Nikolaus|encyclopedia=[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|Grove Music Online]] |series=Oxford Music Online |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|author=David J. Nichols|doi=10.1093/omo/9781561592630.013.90000380290}}</ref>
* [http://www.mv-terra-incognita.de/beitraege/denkmale/b/marien/marien.htm Historische Rostocker Bauwerke – Die St.-Marien-Kirche]▼
* [http://www.rettet-st-marien-rostock.de Stiftung St.-Marien-Kirche zu Rostock e. V.]▼
==References==
* [http://www.st-marien-kantorei-rostock.de Marien-Kantorei Rostock]▼
{{Reflist}}
== Sources ==
* "Architekturführer DDR Bezirk Rostock " - Verlag für Bauwesen, 1977▼
* "In deinen Mauern herrsche Eintracht und allgemeines Wohlergehen", Karsten Schröder - Ingo Koch Verlag, 2002▼
* "ROSTOCK - a tour of the city under the symbols of bull and griffin", Selma Kleinfeldt - Klatschmohn Verlag, 1997▼
▲== External links ==
▲* "Architekturführer DDR Bezirk Rostock " - Verlag für Bauwesen 1977
▲* [http://www.marienkirche-rostock.de Marienkirche Rostock] - English content provided
▲* "In deinen Mauern herrsche Eintracht und allgemeines Wohlergehen", Karsten Schröder - Ingo Koch Verlag 2002
▲* [http://www.mv-terra-incognita.de/beitraege/denkmale/b/marien/marien.htm Historische Rostocker Bauwerke – Die St.-Marien-Kirche]
▲* "ROSTOCK - a tour of the city under the symbols of bull and griffin", Selma Kleinfeldt - Klatschmohn Verlag 1997
▲* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080613144407/http://www.rettet-st-marien-rostock.de/ Stiftung St.-Marien-Kirche zu Rostock e. V.]
▲* "Tadellöser & Wolff " , Walter Kempowski - Random House 1996
▲* [http://www.st-marien-kantorei-rostock.de Marien-Kantorei Rostock] - English content provided
{{Coord|54.090|N|12.139|E|display=title|source:dewiki}}▼
▲{{Coord|54.090|N|12.139|E|display=title|source:dewiki|format=dms}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2010}}▼
[[Category:Churches in Rostock]]▼
[[Category:Lutheran churches in Germany]]▼
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