Syntelic: Difference between revisions

[[Polyploidy|Polyploid]] cells, and [[tetraploid]]s in particular, experience an increased number of syntelic attachments, which contributes to their [[genomic instability]].<ref name=":4">{{cite journal |last1=Storchová |first1=Zuzana |last2=Breneman |first2=Amanda |last3=Cande |first3=Jessica |last4=Dunn |first4=Joshua |last5=Burbank |first5=Kendra |last6=O'Toole |first6=Eileen |last7=Pellman |first7=David |title=Genome-wide genetic analysis of polyploidy in yeast |journal=Nature |date=2006 |volume=443 |issue=7111 |pages=541–547 |doi=10.1038/nature05178 |pmid=17024086|bibcode=2006Natur.443..541S |s2cid=4421746 }}</ref> This phenomenon of increased rates of syntelic attachment in polyploids is thought to result from an inability to scale the mitotic spindle and kinetochore architecture to accommodate the increase in cell size.<ref name=":4" /> Therefore, scaling defects between the genome and cellular architecture, which often occur in [[cancer]], likely result in high rates of syntelic attachment.<ref name=":4" />

 

 

Error correction is closely tied to the [[spindle assembly checkpoint]] (SAC), which oversees the progression through [[mitosis]] and can halt the cell in [[metaphase]] until proper bi-orientation of all chromosomes is achieved.<ref name=":5">{{cite journal |last1=Khodjakov |first1=Alexey |last2=Pines |first2=Jonathon |title=Centromere tension: a divisive issue |journal=Nature Cell Biology |date=2010 |volume=12 |issue=10 |pages=919–923 |doi=10.1038/ncb1010-919 |pmid=20885417|pmc=3052926 }}</ref> Initial attachments occur randomly, and the cell destabilizes any incorrect microtubule-kinetochore interactions. Subsequent rounds of undirected attachment and destabilization occur until each kinetochore is attached to the correct spindle pole.