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Writers known as members of the Second Sophistic include [[Nicetas of Smyrna]], [[Aelius Aristides]], [[Dio Chrysostom]], [[Herodes Atticus]], [[Favorinus]], [[Philostratus]], [[Lucian]], and [[Polemon of Laodicea]]. [[Plutarch]] is also often associated with the Second Sophistic movement as well, although many historians{{Who|date=February 2011}} consider him to have been somewhat aloof from its emphasis on rhetoric, especially in his later work.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}}
The term ''Second Sophistic'' comes from [[Philostratus]]. In his ''Lives of the Sophists'', Philostratus traces the beginnings of the movement to the orator [[Aeschines]] in the 4th century BC. But its earliest representative was really Nicetas of Smyrna, in the late 1st century AD. Unlike the original Sophistic movement of the 5th century BC, the Second Sophistic was little concerned with [[politics]]. But it was, to a large degree, to meet the everyday needs and respond to the practical problems of [[Greco-Roman world|Greco-Roman]] society. It came to dominate higher education and left its mark on many forms of literature. The period from around AD 50 to 100 was a period when oratorical elements dealing with the first sophists of Greece were reintroduced to the Roman Empire. The province of Asia embraced the Second Sophistic the most. Diococceianus (or Chrysostomos) and Aelius Aristides were popular sophists of the period. They
Owing largely to the influence of [[Plato]] and [[Aristotle]], [[philosophy]] came to be regarded as distinct from sophistry, the latter being regarded as specious and rhetorical, a practical discipline. Thus, by the time of the [[Roman Empire]], a sophist was simply a teacher of rhetoric and a popular public speaker. For instance, [[Libanius]], [[Himerius]], [[Aelius Aristides]], and [[Marcus Cornelius Fronto|Fronto]] were sophists in this sense.
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