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{{short description|English military officer and royal governor}}▼
{{about||the portrait painter|Samuel Addison Shute and Ruth Whittier Shute{{!}}Samuel Addison Shute}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{good article}}
▲{{short description|English military officer and royal governor}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Samuel Shute
|image = Portrait of Samuel Shute (by John James Bakker).jpg
|order = 5th
|office = Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay
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==Early life==
[[File:Coat of Arms of Samuel Shute.svg|175px|thumb|left|Coat of Arms of Samuel Shute]]
Samuel Shute was born in [[London]], [[England]] on January 12, 1662.<ref name=ANB>Garraty et al., p. 909</ref><ref name=OldANB>Derby et al., p. 374</ref> He was the eldest of six children of Benjamin Shute, a [[London]] merchant. His mother, identified in sources as Elizabeth, Patience, or Mary, was the daughter of [[Joseph Caryl]], a [[Dissenters|dissenting]] Presbyterian clergyman. His brother [[John Barrington, 1st Viscount Barrington|John]], afterward [[Lord Barrington]], became an influential member of parliament, political leader of religious Dissenters, and confidant of [[George I of Great Britain|King George I]].<ref name=OldANB/><ref>''Memorial of Lord Viscount Barrington'', p. 67</ref> Shute was educated by Rev. [[Charles Morton (educator)|Charles Morton]], who afterward emigrated to [[New England]]. Shute then attended the [[Leiden University]] in Holland and subsequently entered the English army, serving under [[William III of England|William III]].<ref name=OldANB/>
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[[Image:Abenakis.jpg|thumb|left|An 18th-century depiction of the [[Abenaki people]]]]
In a meeting at [[Arrowsic, Maine]] in 1717 Shute and representatives of some of the Wabanakis attempted to reach some agreement concerning colonial encroachment on Native lands and the establishment of provincially operated trading posts. The [[Kennebec tribe|Kennebec]] [[sachem]] (chief) Wiwurna objected not only to the establishment of settlements on their lands, but also the construction of forts, and claimed sovereign control of those lands. Shute, who often rudely interrupted Wiwurna, bluntly reasserted British claims to the territory.<ref name=DCB_Wowurna>{{cite DCB |first=Douglas |last=Hay |title=Wowurna |volume=2 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/wowurna_2E.html |
Over the next several years settlers continued to encroach on Wabanaki lands east of the [[Kennebec River]], including the construction of [[Blockhouse|block house]] fortifications on the east side of the Kennebec River. The Wabanakis responded by raiding livestock.<ref name=DCB_Wowurna/> [[Canso, Nova Scotia]], a settlement disputed by all three parties but fortified by Nova Scotia and primarily occupied by Massachusetts fishermen, was also a flashpoint for conflict. After receiving complaints of harassment and raids from Canso-based fishermen in 1718, Shute dispatched a [[Royal Navy]] frigate to the area, which seized French ships and goods.<ref>Rawlyk, p. 127</ref> Tensions there were further raised when Canso was attacked in 1720 by the Mi'kmaq.<ref name=Rawlyk129>Rawlyk, p. 129</ref>
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*{{cite book|last=Fry|first=William Henry|title=New Hampshire as a Royal Province|publisher=Columbia University|year=1908|oclc=1981065|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=THMUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA52}}
*{{cite book|last=Garraty|first=John Arthur |author2=Carnes, Mark Christopher |title=American National Biography: Rosseau–Simmons|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1999|location=New York|isbn=978-0-19-512798-0|oclc=246052834}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Hart|editor-first=Albert Bushnell
*{{cite book|last=Kimball|first=Everett|title=The Public Life of Joseph Dudley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gxIZAAAAYAAJ|publisher=Longmans, Green|year=1911|location=New York|isbn=9780598969682|oclc=1876620}}
*{{cite book|last=Lediard|first=Thomas|author-link=Thomas Lediard|title=The Life of John, Duke of Marlborough|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r5VCAAAAYAAJ&
*{{cite book|last=Malone|first=Joseph|title=Pine Trees and Politics|publisher=Arno Press|year=1979|orig-year=1964|location=New York|isbn=9780405113802|oclc=4136205}}
*{{cite book|last=Morrison|first=Kenneth|title=The Embattled Northeast: the Elusive Ideal of Alliance in Abenaki-Euramerican Relations|publisher=University of California Press|year=1984|isbn=978-0-520-05126-3|oclc=10072696|url=https://archive.org/details/embattlednorthea00kenn}}
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[[Category:Colonial governors of Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Colonial governors of New Hampshire]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Leiden University alumni]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the War of the Spanish Succession]]
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