Saybrook Colony: Difference between revisions

▲The '''Saybrook Colony''' was an [[English overseas possessions|English colony]] established in late 1635 at the mouth of the [[Connecticut River]] in present-day [[Old Saybrook, Connecticut]] by [[John Winthrop, the Younger]], son of [[John Winthrop]], the Governor of the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]]. Winthrop the Younger was designated Governor by the original settlers, including Colonel [[George Fenwick (Parliamentarian)|George Fenwick]] and Captain [[Lion Gardiner]]. They claimed possession of the land via a deed of conveyance from [[Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick]]. The colony was named in honor of Lords [[William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele|Saye]] and [[Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke|Brooke]], prominent Parliamentarians and holders of the colony's land grants.

▲Settlement preparations included sending a ship with an unusual cargo of ironwork for a portcullis and drawbridges, and even an experienced military engineer.^[2] Saybrook's fort was to be the strongest in New England. However, prominent Puritans soon "found the countrie [England] full of reports of their going" and were worried that they would not be allowed to sell their estates and take ship. By 1638, the plans for Saybrook were abandoned. Cromwell's financial difficulties had been cleared up by an inheritance and he moved from [[Huntingdon]] to nearby [[Ely, Cambridgeshire|Ely]]. Thus, the sponsors remained in England and played their respective political and military roles in the [[English Civil War]] and its aftermath. As a consequence, the colony struggled and, by 1644, Fenwick agreed to merge the colony with the more vibrant [[Connecticut Colony]] a few miles up river.

▲In 1647, Major [[John Mason (c. 1600–1672)|John Mason]] assumed command of Saybrook Fort, which controlled the main trade and supply route to the upper river valley. The fort mysteriously burned to the ground, but another improved fort was quickly built nearby. He spent the next twelve years there and served as Commissioner of the [[New England Confederation|United Colonies]], its chief military officer, Magistrate, and peacekeeper. He was continually called upon to fairly negotiate the purchase of Indian lands, write a treaty, or arbitrate some Indian quarrel, many of which were instigated by his friend [[Uncas]].