South Tyrol: Difference between revisions

{{Redirect|Alto Adige}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=DecemberFebruary 20192024}}

| name = South Tyrol

| native_name = {{native name|de|Südtirol}}<br />{{native name|it|Alto Adige}}<br />{{native name|lld|Südtirol}}

| official_name = Autonomous provinceProvince of Bolzano – South Tyrol<br />{{native name|de|Autonome provinzProvinz Bozen – Südtirol}}<br />{{native name|it|Provincia autonoma di Bolzano –- Alto Adige}}<br />{{native name|lld|Provinzia autonomaAutonoma de Balsan/Bulsan – Südtirol}}

| settlement_type = [[Autonomous administrative division|Autonomous]] [[provinces of Italy|province]]

| image_skyline =
| image_alt =

| image_alt image_caption =

| image_caption image_flag = Flag_of_South_Tyrol.svg

| image_flag flag_alt = Flag_of_South_Tyrol.svg

| flag_altimage_shield = Suedtirol = CoA.svg

| image_shield shield_size = Suedtirol CoA.svgx100px

| shield_sizeshield_alt = [[Coat of arms of = x100pxTyrol]]

| shield_alt anthem = [[CoatBozner of arms of TyrolBergsteigerlied]] (unofficial)

| anthemimage_map = Bolzano in = Italy.svg

| image_map map_alt = Bolzano in Italy.svg

| map_altmap_caption = Map highlighting the location of the province of South Tyrol in Italy (in = red)

| subdivision_name subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Italy|Region]]

| established_date seat_type = Capital(s)

| seat_type seat = Capital(s)[[Bolzano]]

| seat parts_type = ''[[BolzanoComune|Comuni]]''

| parts_type parts_style = [[Comune|Comuni]]para

| parts_style p1 = para116

| leader_titleleader_name = [[Arno = GovernorKompatscher]]

| leader_nameunit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK = [[Arno Kompatscher]]-->

| area_footnotes area_total_km2 = 7399.97

| elevation_footnotes elevation_m =

| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2021)

| blank2_info_sec1 = 0.912<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/ITA/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&years=2019|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2023-03-05}}</ref><br />{{color|green|very high}}

| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]]

| utc_offset1 = +01:00

| timezone1_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]

| utc_offset1_DST = +02:00

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 39XXX

| area_code_type = Telephone prefix

| area_code = 0471, 0472, 0473, 0474

| iso_code =

| registration_plate = [[Vehicle registration plates of Italy|BZ]]

| blank_name_sec2 = [[Italian National Institute of Statistics|ISTAT]]

| blank_info_sec2 = 021

| website = {{URL|www.provincia.bz.it/}}

| footnotes =

| governing_body = [[Council of South Tyrol|Provincial Council]]

'''South Tyrol'''{{Efn|{{IPAc-en|t|ɪ|ˈ|r|oʊ|l|,_|t|aɪ|ˈ|r|oʊ|l|,_|ˈ|t|aɪ|r|oʊ|l}}, {{respell|tih|ROHL|,_|ty|ROHL|,_|TY|rohl}}.<ref>[http://www.dictionary.com/browse/tyrol "Tyrol"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref>}} ({{lang-de|Südtirol}}, {{IPA-de|ˈsyːtiˌroːl, ˈzyːttiˌʁoːl|lang|de-Südtirol.ogg}}; {{lang-it|'''Alto Adige'''}}, {{IPA-it|ˈalto ˈaːdidʒe|lang}}; {{lang-lld|Südtirol}}) is an [[autonomous administrative division|autonomous]] [[provinces of Italy|province]] in [[northern Italy]]. An English translation of the official German and Italian names could be the '''autonomousAutonomous provinceProvince of Bolzano – South Tyrol''', reflecting the multilingualism and different naming conventions in the area. Together with the [[Trentino|autonomous province of Trento]], South Tyrol forms the autonomous [[Regions of Italy|region]] of [[Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol]].<ref>[http://www.regione.taa.it/Moduli/933_STATUTO%202018.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925185836/http://www.regione.taa.it/Moduli/933_STATUTO%25202018.pdf|date=25 September 2019}} Statuto speciale per il Trentino-Alto Adige .</ref> The province is the northernmost of Italy, the second largest with an area of {{convert|7400|km2|sqmi|0}}, and has a total population of about 534,000 inhabitants as of 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/italy/admin/04__trentino_alto_adige/|title=Trentino-Alto Adige (Autonomous Region, Italy) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location}}</ref> Its capital and largest city is [[Bolzano]] ({{lang-de|Bozen|link=no}}; {{lang-lld|Balsan|link=no}} or {{lang|lld|Bulsan}}).

[[File:Atlas Tyrolensis-small.jpg|thumb|The ''Atlas Tyrolensis'', showing the entire County of Tyrol, printed in Vienna. in 1774.]]

[[File:Identitätskarte xy.jpg|thumb|[[Italian electronic identity card|Electronic identity cards]] are issued in three languages (Italian, German, English) in South Tyrol.]]{{Historical populations|1921|254,735|1931|282,158|7=1951|8=333,900|9=1961|10=373,863|11=1971|12=414,041|13=1981|14=430,568|15=1991|16=440,508|17=2001|18=462,999|19=2011|20=504,643|21=2021|22=532,616|type=|footnote=Source: [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]]}}German and Italian are both official languages of South Tyrol. In some eastern municipalities Ladin is the third official language.

A majority of the inhabitants of contemporary South Tyrol speak the native [[Austro-Southern Bavarian]] dialectsdialect of the German language. [[Standard German]] plays a dominant role in education and media. All citizens have the right to use their own mother tongue, even at court. Schools are separated for each language group. All traffic signs are officially bi- or trilingual. Most Italian place names were translated from German by Italian [[Ettore Tolomei]], the author of the {{lang|it|[[Prontuario dei nomi locali dell'Alto Adige]]}}.<ref>{{Citation

To reach a fair allocation of jobs in public service a system called ethnic proportion ({{lang-it|proporzionale etnica}}, {{lang-de|ethnischer Proporz}}) has been established. Every ten years, when the general census of population takes place, each citizen has to declare the linguistic group to which they belong or want to be aggregated to. According to the results they decide how many people of which group are going to be employed in public service.{{cn|date=January 2024}}

[[File:Tirol Schloss 01.jpg|thumb|[[TirolTyrol Castle]], which gave the wider region its name]]

South Tyrolese have been successful at [[winter sports]] and they regularly form a large part of Italy's contingent at the [[Winter Olympics]]: in the last edition (2022), South Tyroleans won 3 out of the 17 Italian medals, all three bronzes (of which two won by German-speaking South Tyroleans). Famed mountain climber [[Reinhold Messner]], the first climber to climb [[Mount Everest]] without the use of [[bottled oxygen|oxygen tanks]], was born and raised in the region. Other successful South Tyrolese include [[luge]]r [[Armin Zöggeler]], figure skater [[Carolina Kostner]], skier [[Isolde Kostner]], luge and [[bobsleigh]] medallist [[Gerda Weissensteiner]], tennis players [[Andreas Seppi]] and [[Jannik Sinner]], and former team principal of Haas F1 Team in the FIA Formula One World Championship [[Guenther Steiner]].

* {{in lang|de}} Gottfried Solderer (ed.) (1999–2004). ''Das 20. Jahrhundert in Südtirol''. 6 Vol., Bozen: Raetia Verlag. {{ISBN|978-88-7283-137-3}}.

* [[Rolf Steininger]] (2003). ''South Tyrol: A Minority Conflict of the Twentieth Century''. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. {{ISBN|978-0-7658-0800-4}}.

* Georg Grote (2012). ''The South Tyrol Question 1866–2010. From National Rage to Regional State''. Oxford: Peter Lang. {{ISBN|978-3-03911-336-1}}.

* Georg Grote, Hannes Obermair (2017). ''A Land on the Threshold. South Tyrolean Transformations, 1915–2015.'' Oxford/Bern/New York: Peter Lang. {{ISBN|978-3-0343-2240-9}}.