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{{Short description|Vehicle previously owned by another}}
{{
{{redirect|Second-hand car|the song|Second Hand Car (song)}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2017}}
[[File:Lono Avenue Value Center Used Car Lot.JPG|right|thumb|Small used car lot in the United States.]]
[[File:Car dealership in Rockville Maryland Jeep.jpg|thumb|right|Typical new car dealership selling used cars outside the showroom.]]
A '''used car''', a '''pre-owned vehicle''', or a '''secondhand car''', is a vehicle that has previously had one or more [[retailing|retail]] owners. Used cars are sold through a variety of outlets, including franchise and independent [[car dealership|car dealer]]s, [[car rental|rental car]] companies, [[Buy here, pay here|buy here pay here]] dealerships, leasing offices, auctions, and private party sales. Some car retailers offer "no-haggle prices," "[[Certified
== Used car industry ==
===Used car export industry===
{{See also|Phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles#Second-hand vehicle dumping}}
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===Vehicle history reports ===
In 2006, an estimated 34% of American used-vehicle buyers bought a vehicle history report.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/05/10/006250.html |title=J.D. Power and Associates Reports: Vehicle History Reports Are Becoming Increasingly Important to Used-Vehicle Buyers |publisher=Theautochannel.com |access-date=2010-08-15}}</ref> Vehicle history reports are one way to check the track record of any used vehicle. Vehicle history reports provide customers with a record based on the vehicle's [[vehicle identification number]] (VIN). These reports will indicate items of public record, such as transfers of ownership, [[vehicle title branding]], [[lemon law]] buybacks, [[odometer fraud]], and [[product recall]].
In some countries, the government is a provider of vehicle history, but this is usually a limited service providing information on just one aspect of the history, such as the United Kingdom's [[MOT test|Ministry of Transport history]]. The [[U.S. Department of Justice]]'s National Motor Vehicle Title Registration System has only about a dozen approved data providers, about half of which sell car history data to consumers; the rest work only with car dealers. None of them are currently free of charge to consumers and many are not free even to the car dealers.<ref>{{citation |publisher=U.S. Department of Justice, National Motor Vehicle Title Registration System |url= https://www.vehiclehistory.gov/nmvtis_vehiclehistory.html |title=Research Vehicle History; Approved NMVTIS Data Providers |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref> The [[Better Business Bureau]] recommends using one of these approved data providers when researching a used car.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.bbb.org/utah/news-events/bbb-scam-alerts/2016/04/questionable-vehicle-history-report/ |date=April 5, 2016 |title= Selling a Car? Watch Out for Fake Buyer Trying to Trick you into Buying Questionable Vehicle History Report |publisher=Better Business Bureau |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160611194722/https://www.bbb.org/utah/news-events/bbb-scam-alerts/2016/04/questionable-vehicle-history-report/ |archive-date=11 June
Several of the services, most notably those in the [[United Kingdom]] and the United States, sell reports to dealers and then encourage the dealers to display the reports on their
In the UK, the DVLA provides information on the registration of vehicles to certain companies for [[consumer protection]] and anti-fraud purposes. Companies may add to the reports of additional information gathered from police, finance, and insurance companies. Car history check services are available online for the public and motor trade customers.
In India, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways is responsible for providing information related to vehicle registration and service history.<ref>{{cite web |title=Parivahan Sewa - Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Government of India |url= https://parivahan.gov.in/parivahan/ |website=parivahan.gov.in |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref>
== Used car pricing ==
{{see also|Automobile salesperson#Car negotiation}}
[[File:Dover Ford used car centre - geograph.org.uk - 3027704.jpg|thumb]]
Used car pricing reports typically produce three forms of the pricing information.
* Dealer or retail price is the price expected to pay if buying from a licensed new-car or used-car dealer.
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There are various theories as to how the market determines the prices of used cars sold by private parties, especially relative to new cars. One theory suggests that new car dealers are able to put more effort into selling a car, and can therefore stimulate stronger demand. Another theory suggests that owners of problematic cars ("[[lemon (automobile)|lemons]]") are more likely to want to sell their cars than owners of perfectly functioning vehicles. Therefore, someone buying a used car bears a higher risk of buying a lemon, and the market price tends to adjust downwards to reflect that.<ref>{{cite book|last=McKenzie|first=Richard B.|title=Why Popcorn Costs So Much at the Movies: And Other Pricing Puzzles|publisher=Copernicus Books|isbn=9780387769998|year=2008|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whypopcorncostss00mcke/page/9 9–31]|url-access=registration|url= https://archive.org/details/whypopcorncostss00mcke/page/9}}</ref>
==Laws and regulations by region==
{{more citations needed section|date=December 2019}}
There are some 54 African countries that set import age restrictions on used vehicle imports, while 27 African countries do not place any import restrictions on used vehicle imports, and just 5 African countries (Egypt, South Africa, Sudan, Morocco) ban all used vehicle imports.
* Mauritius, Seychelles, Algeria, and Chad set an age restriction of 3 years
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====Asia====
=====China=====
{{
=====Japan=====
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Bolivia, Paraguay, and Peru are the only countries in South America that allow used vehicle imports. Paraguay has a used vehicle age limit of 10 years, while Peru has it set to 5 years.<ref name="unece2017"/>
====
In the [[Australia]]n state of [[Queensland]], when the [[odometer]] reading is fewer than {{convert|160000|km}}, and the car was manufactured less than 10 years before the sale date, the warranty is three months or {{convert|5000|km}}, whichever happens first. If the odometer reading is {{convert|160000|km}} or more, or the car was manufactured 10 years or more before the sale date, there is no warranty. Also, motorcycles, caravans, and commercial vehicles do not have a warranty at all. A commercial vehicle is a car with nine seats or more, as well as a vehicle that is able to carry one ton of goods, unless it is a utility, which is a car designed to carry goods. For example, a Holden Commodore Utility or a Ford Falcon Utility. As these are cars that come with the back section being part of the car's body. Other vehicles that have an interchangeable back section are regarded as [[cab chassis]] and the back of the vehicle can be ordered from the factory or can be custom-built to suit the needs of the vehicle buyer. The same as a light truck can be ordered as a tip truck or a body truck▼
▲In the [[Australia]]n state of [[Queensland]], when the odometer reading is fewer than {{convert|160000|km}}, and the car was manufactured less than 10 years before the sale date, the warranty is three months or {{convert|5000|km}}, whichever happens first. If the odometer reading is {{convert|160000|km}} or more, or the car was manufactured 10 years or more before the sale date, there is no warranty. Also, motorcycles, caravans, and commercial vehicles do not have a warranty at all. A commercial vehicle is a car with nine seats or more, as well as a vehicle that is able to carry one ton of goods, unless it is a utility, which is a car designed to carry goods. For example, a Holden Commodore Utility or a Ford Falcon Utility. As these are cars that come with the back section being part of the car's body. Other vehicles that have an interchangeable back section are regarded as [[cab chassis]] and the back of the vehicle can be ordered from the factory or can be custom-built to suit the needs of the vehicle buyer. The same as a light truck can be ordered as a tip truck or a body truck
== See also ==
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