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'''Taiga''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|aɪ|ɡ|ə}}; {{lang-ru|тайга́|p=tɐjˈɡa}}), also known as '''boreal forest''' or '''snow forest''', is a [[biome]] characterized by [[pinophyta|coniferous]] [[forest]]s consisting mostly of [[pine]]s, [[spruce]]s, and [[larch]]es. The taiga or boreal forest
▲The taiga or boreal forest has been called the world's largest land [[biome]].<ref name="Berkeley">{{cite web |url=http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/forests.php#boreal |title=Berkeley: The forest biome |publisher=Ucmp.berkeley.edu |access-date=2019-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190620145416/https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/forests.php#boreal |archive-date=2019-06-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In North America, it covers most of inland [[Canada]], [[Alaska]], and parts of the northern contiguous United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.trails.com/list_11901_list-plants-animals-canadian-wilderness.html |title=List of Plants & Animals in the Canadian Wilderness |publisher=Trails.com |date=2010-07-27 |access-date=2016-12-26 |archive-date=2018-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914022617/https://www.trails.com/list_11901_list-plants-animals-canadian-wilderness.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> In [[Eurasia]], it covers most of [[Sweden]], [[Finland]], much of [[Russia]] from [[Karelia]] in the west to the [[Pacific Ocean]] (including much of [[Siberia]]), much of [[Norway]] and [[Estonia]], some of the [[Scottish Highlands]],{{Citation needed|reason=subalpine woods of different climate zone; no mention in "Taiga ecoregions", or indeed anywhere other than the infobox|date=March 2021}} some lowland/coastal areas of [[Iceland]], and areas of northern [[Kazakhstan]], northern [[Mongolia]], and northern [[Japan]] (on the island of [[Hokkaidō]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Taiga {{!}} Plants, Animals, Climate, Location, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/taiga |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Adirondacks in May 2008.jpg|thumb|The [[Adirondack Mountains]] of [[Upstate New York]] form the southernmost part of the [[Eastern forest-boreal transition]] [[ecoregion]], constituting part of the world’s taiga [[biome]].]]
The principal tree species, depending on the length of the growing season and summer temperatures, vary across the world. The taiga of North America is mostly spruce; [[Scandinavia]]n and [[Finland|Finnish]] taiga consists of a mix of [[Norway spruce|spruce]], pines and [[Betula|birch]]; Russian taiga has spruces, pines and larches depending on the region; and the [[Eastern Siberian taiga]] is a vast larch forest.
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