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== In rabbinic literature ==
According to the [[Jerusalem Talmud]], the eleven-day period between each [monthly] menstrual cycle is ''Halacha le-Moshe mi-Sinai''.<ref>[[Jerusalem Talmud]] (''Berakhoth'' 37a [5:1])</ref> This has been explained by [[Maimonides]]<ref>[[Maimonides]], ''[[Mishne Torah]]'' (Hil. ''Issurei Bi'ah'' 6:1–5) </ref> to mean that seven days are given to all women during their regular monthly menstrual cycle, known as the days of the menstruate ([[Hebrew]]: ''niddah''), even if her actual period lasted only 3 to 5 days. From the eighth day after the beginning of her period (the ''[[terminus post quem]]'', or the earliest date in which we begin to reckon the case of a ''zivah''), when she should have normally concluded her period, these are days that are known in Hebrew as the days of a running issue ([[Hebrew]]: ''zivah''), and which simply defines a time (from the 8th to the 18th day, for a total of eleven days) that, if the woman had an irregular flow of blood for three consecutive days during this time, she becomes a ''zivah'' and is capable of defiling whatever she touches, and especially whatever object she happens to be standing upon, lying upon or sitting upon.
=== Zavah ktanah ===
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