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{{distinguish|Zoba}}
{{Aramaeans}}
'''Zobah''' or '''Aram-Zobah''' ({{Lang-he|אֲרָם צוֹבָא|translit=
[[Alexander Kirkpatrick|A. F. Kirkpatrick]], in the [[Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges]] (1896), places it broadly between [[Damascus]] and the [[Euphrates]].<ref name="CBSC">Kirkpatrick, A. F., [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/1_samuel/14.htm Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on 1 Samuel 14], accessed 26 July 2019</ref> It is thought by some to have extended from the [[Beqaa Valley]] along the eastern side of the [[Anti-Lebanon Mountains]], reaching [[Hamath]] to the north and [[Damascus]] to the south, making it at one time a state of considerable importance.{{
==In the Hebrew Bible==
In [[I Samuel]], the kings of Zobah were said to have fought with Israelite king [[Saul]] ({{
The chapter-heading of [[Psalm 60]] in the [[New King James Version]] refers to Zobah.<ref>{{bibleverse||Psalm|60|NKJV}}: NKJV</ref> In the [[Revised Standard Version]] and the [[New American Bible Revised Edition|New American Bible (Revised Edition)]], the reference is to Aram-Zobah.<ref>{{bibleverse||Psalm|60|RSV}}: RSV</ref><ref>{{bibleverse||Psalm|60|NABRE}}: NABRE</ref>
==In Mesopotamian sources==
After the 10th century BCE, Zobah is not mentioned in the [[Hebrew Bible]], but the city of Subiti, which is mentioned in the annals of [[Ashurbanipal]] as having been conquered by him in the 7th century BCE, is probably identical with it (compare Schrader, "K. B." ii. 217).{{
==Medieval Rabbinical sources==
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==Identification attempts==
Based on the biblical narrative, primarily from the [[books of Kings]] and II Samuel, [[Berothai]], a city belonging to Hadadezer ({{
Some sources indicate that Zobah city is the modern city of [[Homs]] in Syria,{{sfn|Porter|1868|p=308}} or [[Anjar, Lebanon|Anjar]] in [[Lebanon]]'s Bekaa Valley.<ref>[http://www.subaa.com/chapterDetails.php?chapterID=25 كتاب صوبا - تاريخ وطن وحياة قرية {{in lang|ar}}]</ref> In later Assyrian documents it may have been named a provincial center derived from the recently incorporated city of Damascus, which might be [[Deir Khabiyah]] west of [[Al-Kiswah]].<ref>[http://www.nesrosuryoyo.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=2257 مملكة آرام حماة {{in lang|ar}}]</ref>{{dubious|Almost unintelligible English.|date=July 2019}}
According to [[Edward Lipiński (orientalist)|Edward Lipiński]], the location of the capital city of Ṣoba corresponds to the present archaeological site of [[Tell Deir]] in the [[Beqaa Valley]] of modern-day [[Lebanon]].{{sfn|Lipiński|2000|page=327}} Gaby Abousamra connects the biblical city with the modern-day village of Zabbud, also in Lebanon.{{sfn|Abousamra|2019|p=238}}
==See also==
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*[[Hamath-zobah]], biblical city
*[[Homs]], city in Syria
==References==
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==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book|last=Abousamra|first=Gaby|chapter=Biblical Ṣobah: A Location Attempt|title=Aramaean Borders: Defining Aramaean Territories in the 10th–8th Centuries B.C.E.|year=2019|location=[[Leiden]]-[[Boston]]|publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]]|isbn=978-90-04-39853-5|editor-last1=Dušek|editor-first1=Jan|editor-last2=Mynářová|editor-first2=Jana|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1imVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA231}}
* {{cite book |last=Lipiński |first=Edward |author-link=Edward Lipiński (orientalist) |date=2000 |title=The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion |series=Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta |volume=100 |url= |location=[[Leuven]], [[Belgium]] |publisher=[[Peeters Publishers]] |page= |isbn=978-9-042-90859-8 }}
* Schrader, K. B. ii. 121 et seq;
*[[Franz Delitzsch|Delitzsch]], ''Wo Lag das Paradies?'' pp. 279 et seq.
*{{cite book |last=Porter |first=Josias Leslie |author-link=Josias Leslie Porter |title=Giant Cities of Bashan; and Syria's Holy Places |publisher=T. Nelson and Sons |year=1868 }}
{{refend}}
==External links==
{{JewishEncyclopedia|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=A&artid=1703|article=Aram-zobah}}
{{Ancient states and regions of the Levant}}
{{coord missing|Syria}}
[[Category:Aramean cities]]
[[Category:Aramean states]]
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