Battle of Gettysburg order of battle: Union

The Union order of battle during the Battle of Gettysburg includes the American Civil War officers and men of the Army of the Potomac (multiple commander names indicate succession of command during the three-day battle (July 1–3, 1863)). Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the battle,[1] the casualty returns[2] and the reports.[3]

Harper's Weekly cover, July 11, 1863: "Major-General George G. Meade, the New Commander of the Army of the Potomac — Photographed by Brady"

Abbreviations used

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Military rank

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Other

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Army of the Potomac

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MG George G. Meade, Commanding

General Staff and Headquarters

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General Staff:


General Headquarters:
Command of the Provost Marshal General: BG Marsena R. Patrick[4]


Guards and Orderlies:

  • Oneida (New York) Cavalry: Cpt Daniel P. Mann


Engineer Brigade: BG Henry W. Benham[6]

I Corps

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MG John F. Reynolds (k) [7]
MG Abner Doubleday[8]
MG John Newton
General Headquarters:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
 
     BG James S. Wadsworth

1st Brigade


   BG Solomon Meredith (w)
   Col William W. Robinson

2nd Brigade


   BG Lysander Cutler

Second Division
 
     BG John C. Robinson

1st Brigade


   BG Gabriel R. Paul (w)
   Col Samuel H. Leonard (w)
   Col Adrian R. Root (w&c)
   Col Richard Coulter (w)
   Col Peter Lyle
   Col Richard Coulter

2nd Brigade


   BG Henry Baxter

Third Division
 
     MG Abner Doubleday
     BG Thomas A. Rowley
    

1st Brigade


   Col Chapman Biddle (w)
   BG Thomas A. Rowley (w)

2nd Brigade


   Col Roy Stone (w)
   Col Langhorne Wister (w)
   Col Edmund L. Dana

3rd Brigade[11]


   BG George J. Stannard (w)
   Col Francis V. Randall

Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles S. Wainwright

II Corps

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MG Winfield S. Hancock[12] (w)
BG John Gibbon
BG William Hays
General Headquarters:

  • 6th New York Cavalry, Companies D and K: Cpt Riley Johnson (Escort)
  • 53rd Pennsylvania Infantry, Companies A, B and K: Maj Octavus Bull (Provost Marshal 2nd Corps) [13]
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
 
     BG John C. Caldwell

1st Brigade


   Col Edward E. Cross (mw)
   Col H. Boyd McKeen

2nd Brigade


   Col Patrick Kelly

3rd Brigade


   BG Samuel K. Zook (mw July 2)
   Ltc Charles G. Freudenberg (w July 2)
   Col Richard P. Roberts (k)
   Ltc John Fraser

  • 52nd New York: Ltc Charles G. Freudenberg (w July 2), Maj Edward Venuti (k), Cpt William Scherrer
  • 57th New York: Ltc Alford B. Chapman
  • 66th New York: Col Orlando H. Morris (w), Ltc John S. Hammell (w), Maj Peter A. Nelson
  • 140th Pennsylvania: Col Richard P. Roberts, Ltc John Fraser, Maj Thomas Rodgers
4th Brigade


   Col John R. Brooke (w)

  • 27th Connecticut (2 companies): Ltc Henry C. Merwin (k), Maj James H. Coburn
  • 2nd Delaware: Col William P. Bailey (w July 2), Ltc David L. Stricker (w July 2), Cpt Charles H. Christman
  • 64th New York: Col Daniel G. Bingham (w), Maj Leman W. Bradley (w)
  • 53rd Pennsylvania: Ltc Richards McMichael
  • 145th Pennsylvania (7 companies): Col Hiram Loomis Brown (w July 2), Cpt John W. Reynolds (w July 2), Cpt Moses W. Oliver

Second Division
 
     BG John Gibbon (w)
     BG William Harrow

1st Brigade


   BG William Harrow
   Col Francis E. Heath (w)

2nd Brigade


   BG Alexander S. Webb (w)

3rd Brigade


   Col Norman J. Hall

unattached

Third Division


 
     BG Alexander Hays

1st Brigade


   Col Samuel S. Carroll

2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas A. Smyth (w)
   Ltc Francis E. Pierce

3rd Brigade


   Col George L. Willard (k)
   Col Eliakim Sherrill [18]
   Ltc James M. Bull
   Col Clinton D. MacDougall (w)
   Col Eliakim Sherrill (mw, July 3)

Artillery Brigade


 
   Cpt John G. Hazard

III Corps

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MG Daniel E. Sickles (w)
MG David B. Birney (w)

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
 
     MG David B. Birney
     BG J. H. Hobart Ward (w)

1st Brigade


   BG Charles K. Graham (w&c)
   Col Andrew H. Tippin [20]
   Col Henry J. Madill

2nd Brigade


   BG J. H. Hobart Ward
   Col Hiram Berdan

3rd Brigade


   Col P. Régis de Trobriand

Second Division
 


     BG Andrew A. Humphreys

1st Brigade [23]


   BG Joseph B. Carr (w)

2nd Brigade


   Col William R. Brewster

3rd Brigade


   Col George C. Burling

Artillery Brigade


   Cpt George E. Randolph (w)
   Cpt A. Judson Clark

V Corps

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MG George Sykes

General Headquarters:

  • 12th New York Infantry (Companies D and E): Cpt Henry W. Ryder
  • 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Companies D and H: Cpt William Thompson
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
 


     BG James Barnes (w)

1st Brigade


   Col William S. Tilton

2nd Brigade


   Col Jacob B. Sweitzer

3rd Brigade


   Col Strong Vincent (mw)
   Col James C. Rice

Second Division
 
     BG Romeyn B. Ayres

1st Brigade


   Col Hannibal Day

2nd Brigade


   Col Sidney Burbank

3rd Brigade


   BG Stephen H. Weed (k)
   Col Kenner Garrard

Third Division[26]
 
     BG Samuel W. Crawford

1st Brigade


   Col William McCandless

3rd Brigade


   Col Joseph W. Fisher

Artillery Brigade


   Cpt Augustus P. Martin

VI Corps

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MG John Sedgwick

General Headquarters:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
 
     BG Horatio G. Wright

1st Brigade


   BG Alfred T. A. Torbert

2nd Brigade


   BG Joseph J. Bartlett[27]
   Col Emory Upton[28]

3rd Brigade


   BG David A. Russell

Provost Guard

Second Division [29]
 
     BG Albion P. Howe

2nd Brigade


   Col Lewis A. Grant

3rd Brigade


   BG Thomas H. Neill

Third Division
 
     MG John Newton
     BG Frank Wheaton

1st Brigade


   BG Alexander Shaler

2nd Brigade


   Col Henry L. Eustis

3rd Brigade [30]


   BG Frank Wheaton
   Col David J. Nevin

Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles H. Tompkins

XI Corps

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MG Oliver O. Howard[31]
MG Carl Schurz

General Headquarters:

  • 1st Indiana Cavalry, Companies I and K: Cpt Abram Sharra
  • 8th New York Infantry (1 company): Lt Hermann Foerster
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
 
     BG Francis C. Barlow (w&c)
     BG Adelbert Ames

1st Brigade
   Col Leopold von Gilsa
  

2nd Brigade


   BG Adelbert Ames
   Col Andrew L. Harris

Second Division
 
     BG Adolph von Steinwehr

1st Brigade


   Col Charles R. Coster

2nd Brigade


   Col Orland Smith

Third Division
 
     MG Carl Schurz
     BG Alexander Schimmelfennig
     MG Carl Schurz

1st Brigade


   BG Alexander Schimmelfennig
   Col George von Amsberg

2nd Brigade


   Col Wladimir Krzyzanowski

Artillery Brigade


   Maj Thomas W. Osborn

XII Corps

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MG Henry W. Slocum[32]
BG Alpheus S. Williams

Provost Guard:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
 
     BG Alpheus S. Williams
     BG Thomas H. Ruger

1st Brigade


   Col Archibald L. McDougall

3rd Brigade


   BG Thomas H. Ruger
   Col Silas Colgrove

Second Division
 
     BG John W. Geary

1st Brigade


   Col Charles Candy

2nd Brigade


   Col George A. Cobham, Jr.
   BG Thomas L. Kane[33]
  

3rd Brigade


   BG George S. Greene (w)

Reporting directly Lockwood's Brigade [34]


   BG Henry H. Lockwood

Artillery Brigade


   Lt Edward D. Muhlenberg

Cavalry Corps

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MG Alfred Pleasonton

Headquarter Guards:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division


     BG John Buford

1st Brigade


   Col William Gamble

2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas Devin

Reserve Brigade


   BG Wesley Merritt

Second Division [35]


     BG David McMurtrie Gregg

1st Brigade


   Col John B. McIntosh

3rd Brigade


   Col John Irvin Gregg

Third Division


     BG Judson Kilpatrick

1st Brigade


   BG Elon J. Farnsworth (k)
   Col Nathaniel P. Richmond

2nd Brigade


   BG George A. Custer

Horse Artillery

1st Brigade


   Cpt James M. Robertson

2nd Brigade [38]


   Cpt John C. Tidball

Artillery Reserve

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BG Robert O. Tyler
Cpt James M. Robertson

Headquarter Guard:

  • 32nd Massachusetts Infantry, Company C: Cpt Josiah C. Fuller
Brigade Batteries
1st Regular Brigade


   Cpt Dunbar R. Ransom (w)

1st Volunteer Brigade


   Ltc Freeman McGilvery

2nd Volunteer Brigade


   Cpt Elijah D. Taft

3rd Volunteer Brigade


   Cpt James F. Huntington

4th Volunteer Brigade


   Cpt Robert H. Fitzhugh

Train Guard

Notes

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  1. ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXVII, Part 1, pages 155-168; Gettysburg National Military Park-Army of the Potomac
  2. ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXVII, Part 1, pages 173-187
  3. ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXVII, Part 1, pages 5-14
  4. ^ 93rd New York and 8th United States not engaged
  5. ^ detachments from 1st, 2nd, 5th, and 6th Regiments
  6. ^ not engaged. With the exception of the regular battalion, it was July 1, and while at Beaver Dam Creek (Maryland), ordered to Washington D.C., where it arrived July 3.
  7. ^ Major General Reynolds was killed July 1, while in command of the left wing of the army (I, III, and XI Corps and First Division, Cavalry Corps)
  8. ^ Major General Doubleday commanded the Corps July 1, and Major General Newton, who was assigned to that command on the 1st [1] [2], superseded him July 2
  9. ^ transferred, in afternoon of July 1, to the First Brigade
  10. ^ temporarily transferred to the First Brigade
  11. ^ arrived on the evening of July 1 and did not take part on the first day of the battle [3]; 12th Vermont and 15th Vermont were detached as train guard
  12. ^ After the death of General Reynolds, General Hancock was assigned to the command of all troops on the field of battle [4], relieving General Howard, who had succeeded General Reynolds. General Gibbon, of the Second Division, assumed command of the corps. These assignments terminated on the evening of July 1. Similar changes in commanders occurred during the battle of the 2nd, when General Hancock was put in command of the Third Corps in addition to that of his own. He was wounded on the 3rd, and Brigadier General William Hays [5] was assigned to the command of the corps.
  13. ^ under the command of General Patrick (Provost Marshal General of the Army) during the battle [6]
  14. ^ Col McKeen was placed in temporary command of the 148th Pennsylvania Infantry because Colonel James Addams Beaver was ill. Col Edward E. Cross believed that Ltc McFarlane was too inexperienced to lead the regiment.
  15. ^ 2nd Company Minnesota Sharpshooters attached
  16. ^ arrested by Hancock on July 2; restored on July 4
  17. ^ served as Provost Guard during the battle
  18. ^ arrested by Hancock; released July 3 upon application by Hays and MacDougall
  19. ^ Transferred from Artillery Reserve, July 1; 14th New York Battery attached
  20. ^ relieved on July 3
  21. ^ also commanded 141st Pennsylvania
  22. ^ Cpt Fritz commanded the regiment after Maj Moore was wounded; Maj Moore returned to command on July 3
  23. ^ The 84th Pennsylvania guarded the corps trains, and was not engaged in the battle.
  24. ^ on picket duty on July 2; rejoined brigade after the fighting of the second day of the battle had ceased [7]
  25. ^ Brady's Company Michigan Sharpshooters attached [8]
  26. ^ joined corps June 28. The Second Brigade left in the Department of Washington
  27. ^ Also in command of the Third Brigade, Third Division, on July 3,
  28. ^ Upton commanded the Brigade for part of time on July 1
  29. ^ no First Brigade in division
  30. ^ The 102nd Pennsylvania Infantry guarded the wagon trains at Westminster, and was not engaged in the battle. However, a detachment of 103 men commanded by Lt Robert W. Lyon was sent as a guard with a supply train and placed on defensive line north of Round Top.
  31. ^ During the interval between the death of General Reynolds and the arrival of General Hancock on the afternoon of July 1, all the troops on the field of battle were commanded by General Howard, General Schurz taking command of the Eleventh Corps, and General Schimmelfennig of the Third Division
  32. ^ Exercised command of the right wing of the army during a part of the battle. But see Slocum to Meade, December 30, 1863 and Meade to Slocum, February 25, 1864
  33. ^ Kane returned to the army at Gettysburg on July 2, but he had to share command with Cobham on account of sickness [9]
  34. ^ Unassigned during progress of battle; afterward attached to First Division, as Second Brigade. The command theretofore known as the Second Brigade had previously been consolidated with the First Brigade
  35. ^ The Second Brigade (2nd and 4th New York Cavalry, 6th Ohio Cavalry, and 8th Pennsylvania Cavalry) under Colonel Pennock Huey was at Westminster, and not engaged in the battle
  36. ^ Served with VI Corps, and on the right flank.
  37. ^ Served as light artillery.
  38. ^ Battery C, 3rd United States was with the Second Brigade, Second Division and not engaged in the Battle
  39. ^ 10th New York Battery attached
  40. ^ a b not engaged
  41. ^ 11th New York Battery attached

References

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