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{{Short description|1=Diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and East Timor}}
{{Short description|1=Diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and East Timor}}
{{Infobox Bilateral relations |China-East Timor|China|East Timor|filetype=svg}}
{{Infobox Bilateral relations |China-East Timor|China|East Timor|filetype=svg}}
'''China-East Timor''' relations were established following [[East Timor]]'s independence on May 20, 2002.<ref name="Xinhua">[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-05/19/content_399826.htm China, East Timor Establish Diplomatic Relations], Xinhua News Agency, 19 May 2002</ref> However, [[China]] had established a representative office in [[Dili]] in 2000, when was still under [[United Nations]] [[United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor|administration]].<ref name="Storey">[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WO59snyW0HIC&lpg=PA277&dq=Chinese%20government%20%22representative%20office%22%20%22Dili%22%20since%202001&pg=PA277#v=onepage&q=Chinese%20government%20%22representative%20office%22%20%22Dili%22%20since%202001&f=true ''ASEAN and the Rise of China''], Ian Storey, Routledge, 2013, page 277</ref>
'''China-East Timor''' relations were formally established following [[East Timor]]'s independence on May 20, 2002,<ref name="Xinhua">[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-05/19/content_399826.htm China, East Timor Establish Diplomatic Relations], Xinhua News Agency, 19 May 2002</ref> while a representative office in [[Dili]] was established in 2000, under the direction of the [[United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor]].<ref name="Storey">[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WO59snyW0HIC&lpg=PA277&dq=Chinese%20government%20%22representative%20office%22%20%22Dili%22%20since%202001&pg=PA277#v=onepage&q=Chinese%20government%20%22representative%20office%22%20%22Dili%22%20since%202001&f=true ''ASEAN and the Rise of China''], Ian Storey, Routledge, 2013, page 277</ref>


Since East Timor's independence, China has paid for the construction of the Presidential Palace in [[Dili]], as well as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the residential headquarters of the [[Timor Leste Defence Force|Defence Force]].<ref name="ABCEveringham">[http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/08/24/2992304.htm?section=justin "China, East Timor Strengthen Military Ties], Sara Everingham, [[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]], [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]], 24 August 2010</ref>
Various nations, one being China, donated some form of aid to fund the Presidential Palace in [[Dili]], the Foreign Affairs building, and the [[Timor Leste Defence Force|Defence Force]] building.<ref name="ABCEveringham">[http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/08/24/2992304.htm?section=justin "China, East Timor Strengthen Military Ties], Sara Everingham, [[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]], [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]], 24 August 2010</ref>


In 2003, Beijing signed a deal with the [[Community of Portuguese Language Countries]], of which East Timor is a member, to increase trade and economic development among the countries.<ref name="leach">[http://cultura.gov.tl/sites/default/files/MLeach_Talking_portuguese_2007_08.pdf Talking Portuguese: China and East Timor], Michael Leach, ''[[Arena (Australian publishing co-operative)|Arena]]'', December–January 2007/08</ref> In 2006, the then [[President of East Timor|President]] [[Xanana Gusmão]] called China "a “reliable friend” and had committed East Timor to a [[One China policy]]"<ref name="storey">[http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2920.html "China and East Timor: Good, but Not Best Friends"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923175339/http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2920.html |date=2015-09-23 }}, Ian Storey, Association for Asia Research, 15 August 2006</ref>
In 2003, the [[Community of Portuguese Language Countries]], which East Timor is a member, signed a deal with China to increase trade and development between signatories.<ref name="leach">[http://cultura.gov.tl/sites/default/files/MLeach_Talking_portuguese_2007_08.pdf Talking Portuguese: China and East Timor], Michael Leach, ''[[Arena (Australian publishing co-operative)|Arena]]'', December–January 2007/08</ref> In 2006, the Timor-Leste government stated that it follow follow a [[One China policy]] between [[China]] and [[Taiwan]].<ref name="storey">[http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2920.html "China and East Timor: Good, but Not Best Friends"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923175339/http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2920.html |date=2015-09-23 }}, Ian Storey, Association for Asia Research, 15 August 2006</ref> In 2014, Timor-Leste recognized communist China as the sole representative of China.<ref>[http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=9967&lang=en Joint Statement between the People's Republic of China and The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste on Establishing Comprehensive Partnership of Good-neighbourly Friendship, Mutual Trust and Mutual Benefit], Minister of State and of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers and Official Spokesperson for the Government of Timor-Leste, April 14, 2014</ref>


⚫
When East Timor was under [[Portuguese Timor|Portuguese rule]], [[Taiwan]], as the "Republic of China", had a Consulate in [[Dili]].<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=9qkcAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22republic+of+china%22+consulate+dili&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=portuguese+timor ''Taiwan Trade Directory''], Importers & Exporters Association of Taipei, 1975, page C-6</ref> Upon [[Fretilin]]'s declaration of independence in 2002 under a [[United Nations]] guideline, China & Taiwan both recognized Timor-Leste's independence.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LclscNCTz9oC&lpg=PA428&ots=ym3v_54c1-&dq=East%20Timor%2C%20the%20People's%20Republic%20of%20China%20%20recognise%201975&pg=PA428#v=onepage&q=East%20Timor,%20the%20People's%20Republic%20of%20China%20%20recognise%201975&f=true ''The Far East and Australasia 2003''], Europa Publications, page 428</ref>
In 2014, the two countries issued a joint communiqué reaffirming that East Timor recognised the Government of the People's Republic of China as "the sole lawful Government representing the whole of China", that [[Taiwan]] was "an inalienable part of the Chinese territory", and that East Timor would not establish "any form of official relationship or conduct any form of official contacts" with [[Taiwan]].<ref>[http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=9967&lang=en Joint Statement between the People's Republic of China and The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste on Establishing Comprehensive Partnership of Good-neighbourly Friendship, Mutual Trust and Mutual Benefit], Minister of State and of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers and Official Spokesperson for the Government of Timor-Leste, April 14, 2014</ref>


⚫
Following the [[Indonesian invasion of East Timor|Indonesian invasion]] on 7 December 1975, China supported [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 384]], which called on Indonesia to withdraw. Taiwan, which was blocked by China to be part of the resolution, supported Timor-Leste as well.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/384(1975) United Nations Security Council Resolution 384]</ref>
⚫
When East Timor was under [[Portuguese Timor|Portuguese rule]], [[Taiwan]], as the "Republic of China", had a Consulate in [[Dili]].<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=9qkcAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22republic+of+china%22+consulate+dili&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=portuguese+timor ''Taiwan Trade Directory''], Importers & Exporters Association of Taipei, 1975, page C-6</ref> However, when [[Fretilin]] unilaterally declared the territory's independence as the Democratic Republic of East Timor, on 28 November 1975, the People's Republic of China was one of the few countries in the world to recognise the new state.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LclscNCTz9oC&lpg=PA428&ots=ym3v_54c1-&dq=East%20Timor%2C%20the%20People's%20Republic%20of%20China%20%20recognise%201975&pg=PA428#v=onepage&q=East%20Timor,%20the%20People's%20Republic%20of%20China%20%20recognise%201975&f=true ''The Far East and Australasia 2003''], Europa Publications, page 428</ref>


In 2008, Timor-Leste bought two [[Type 062 class gunboat|Shanghai-Class]] [[patrol boats]] from a Chinese company for a full price.<ref name="ABCEveringham"/><ref name="SMHBoats">[http://www.smh.com.au/world/relations-strained-as-east-timor-buys-chinese-navy-boats-20100606-xn5y.html Relations Strained as East Timor Buys Chinese Navy Boats], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'', Lindsay Murdoch, 7 June 2010</ref> The small boats were manned by Chinese sailors.<ref name="SMHBoats"/> Recently, numerous international experts have made verified research on the status of China-East Timor relations. The studies point the high possibility of a Chinese debt-trap against Timor-Leste,<ref>https://www.laohamutuk.org/Oil/Sunrise/2018/ATimesTLChinaDebt2Nov2018.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.pellcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Marston-2019.pdf</ref> which may lead to China's military to enter the region via debt negotiations.<ref>https://www.theaustralian.com.au/world/timor-debt-could-open-door-to-china-navy/news-story/ecbb55b11029a37687a333fe899a30e8</ref>
⚫
Following the [[Indonesian invasion of East Timor|Indonesian invasion]] on 7 December 1975, China, as a permanent member of the [[UN Security Council]], supported [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 384]] deploring the invasion, upholding the territory's right to self-determination and calling on Indonesia to withdraw.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/384(1975) United Nations Security Council Resolution 384]</ref>

There is also increased military cooperation between the two countries, with the 2008 purchase of two [[Type 062 class gunboat|Shanghai-Class]] [[patrol boats]] from a Chinese company.<ref name="ABCEveringham"/><ref name="SMHBoats">[http://www.smh.com.au/world/relations-strained-as-east-timor-buys-chinese-navy-boats-20100606-xn5y.html Relations Strained as East Timor Buys Chinese Navy Boats], ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'', Lindsay Murdoch, 7 June 2010</ref> These boats were initially to be manned by Chinese sailors, while the Chinese trained the Timorese to guard their coasts.<ref name="SMHBoats"/> In addition, China signed a contract providing US$9 million toward the building of a new headquarters for the military in East Timor.<ref name="ABCEveringham"/>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 01:21, 15 May 2020

China-East Timor relations
Map indicating locations of China and East Timor

China
East Timor

China-East Timor relations were formally established following East Timor's independence on May 20, 2002,[1] while a representative office in Dili was established in 2000, under the direction of the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor.[2]

Various nations, one being China, donated some form of aid to fund the Presidential Palace in Dili, the Foreign Affairs building, and the Defence Force building.[3]

In 2003, the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, which East Timor is a member, signed a deal with China to increase trade and development between signatories.[4] In 2006, the Timor-Leste government stated that it follow follow a One China policy between China and Taiwan.[5] In 2014, Timor-Leste recognized communist China as the sole representative of China.[6]

When East Timor was under Portuguese rule, Taiwan, as the "Republic of China", had a Consulate in Dili.[7] Upon Fretilin's declaration of independence in 2002 under a United Nations guideline, China & Taiwan both recognized Timor-Leste's independence.[8]

Following the Indonesian invasion on 7 December 1975, China supported United Nations Security Council Resolution 384, which called on Indonesia to withdraw. Taiwan, which was blocked by China to be part of the resolution, supported Timor-Leste as well.[9]

In 2008, Timor-Leste bought two Shanghai-Class patrol boats from a Chinese company for a full price.[3][10] The small boats were manned by Chinese sailors.[10] Recently, numerous international experts have made verified research on the status of China-East Timor relations. The studies point the high possibility of a Chinese debt-trap against Timor-Leste,[11][12] which may lead to China's military to enter the region via debt negotiations.[13]

See also

References

  1. ^ China, East Timor Establish Diplomatic Relations, Xinhua News Agency, 19 May 2002
  2. ^ ASEAN and the Rise of China, Ian Storey, Routledge, 2013, page 277
  3. ^ a b "China, East Timor Strengthen Military Ties, Sara Everingham, ABC News, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 24 August 2010
  4. ^ Talking Portuguese: China and East Timor, Michael Leach, Arena, December–January 2007/08
  5. ^ "China and East Timor: Good, but Not Best Friends" Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine, Ian Storey, Association for Asia Research, 15 August 2006
  6. ^ Joint Statement between the People's Republic of China and The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste on Establishing Comprehensive Partnership of Good-neighbourly Friendship, Mutual Trust and Mutual Benefit, Minister of State and of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers and Official Spokesperson for the Government of Timor-Leste, April 14, 2014
  7. ^ Taiwan Trade Directory, Importers & Exporters Association of Taipei, 1975, page C-6
  8. ^ The Far East and Australasia 2003, Europa Publications, page 428
  9. ^ United Nations Security Council Resolution 384
  10. ^ a b Relations Strained as East Timor Buys Chinese Navy Boats, Sydney Morning Herald, Lindsay Murdoch, 7 June 2010
  11. ^ https://www.laohamutuk.org/Oil/Sunrise/2018/ATimesTLChinaDebt2Nov2018.pdf
  12. ^ https://www.pellcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Marston-2019.pdf
  13. ^ https://www.theaustralian.com.au/world/timor-debt-could-open-door-to-china-navy/news-story/ecbb55b11029a37687a333fe899a30e8
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