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[[File:Dewi Wyn o Eifion (4702805).jpg|thumb|right|Painting of [[David Owen (Dewi Wyn o Eifion)|Dewi Wyn o Eifion]] (1784–1841) with the title written in Coelbren y Beirdd]]
[[File:Dewi Wyn o Eifion (4702805).jpg|thumb|right|Painting of [[David Owen (Dewi Wyn o Eifion)|Dewi Wyn o Eifion]] (1784–1841) with the title written in Coelbren y Beirdd]]
The '''Coelbren y Beirdd''' (English: "Bards' alphabet") is a [[Writing system|script]] created in the late eighteenth century by the [[Literary forgery|literary forger]] Edward Williams, best known as [[Iolo Morganwg]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/888/ |title=Archived copy of "Coelbren y Beirdd – The Bardic Alphabet"|accessdate=2011-02-26 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101117215438/http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/888/ |archivedate=17 November 2010 |df=dmy-all }} </ref>
The '''Coelbren y Beirdd''' (English: "Bards' alphabet") is a [[Writing system|script]] discovered in the late eighteenth century by Edward Williams, best known as [[Iolo Morganwg]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/888/ |title=Archived copy of "Coelbren y Beirdd – The Bardic Alphabet"|accessdate=2011-02-26 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101117215438/http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/888/ |archivedate=17 November 2010 |df=dmy-all }} </ref>


The alphabet system consisted of twenty letters and twenty other representations of elongated vowels that resembled [[Ancient Greece|Ancient Greek]] and could be carved on four-sided pieces of wood and fitted into a frame he called a "peithynen". Williams presented wooden [[druidic alphabet]]s to friends and notables, and succeeded in persuading many of its authenticity.<ref name="Williams2010">{{cite book|author=Jane Williams|title=A History of Wales: Derived from Authentic Sources|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DIXiB0AX-rAC&pg=PA6|accessdate=24 October 2012|date=18 November 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-02085-5|pages=6–}}</ref>
The alphabet system consisted of twenty letters and twenty other representations of elongated vowels that resembled [[Ancient Greece|Ancient Greek]] and could be carved on four-sided pieces of wood and fitted into a frame he called a "peithynen". Williams presented wooden [[druidic alphabet]]s to friends and notables, and succeeded in persuading many of its authenticity.<ref name="Williams2010">{{cite book|author=Jane Williams|title=A History of Wales: Derived from Authentic Sources|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DIXiB0AX-rAC&pg=PA6|accessdate=24 October 2012|date=18 November 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-02085-5|pages=6–}}</ref>
Line 6: Line 6:
A Welsh [[Bard]]ic and [[Druid]]ic essay, written by his son [[Taliesin Williams]] and published as a [[pamphlet]] in 1840, defended the authenticity of the alphabet and won the Abergavenny Eisteddfod in 1838.<ref>Williams, Taliesin., (ab Iolo), Coelbren Y Beirdd; a Welsh Essay on the Bardic Alphabet, W. Rees, Llandovery, 1840.</ref><ref name="Williams1852">{{cite book|author=Rob Williams|title=A biographical dictionary of eminent Welshmen., from the earliest times to the present|url=https://archive.org/details/abiographicaldi00willgoog|accessdate=24 October 2012|year=1852|publisher=W. Rees|pages=[https://archive.org/details/abiographicaldi00willgoog/page/n540 536]–}}</ref>
A Welsh [[Bard]]ic and [[Druid]]ic essay, written by his son [[Taliesin Williams]] and published as a [[pamphlet]] in 1840, defended the authenticity of the alphabet and won the Abergavenny Eisteddfod in 1838.<ref>Williams, Taliesin., (ab Iolo), Coelbren Y Beirdd; a Welsh Essay on the Bardic Alphabet, W. Rees, Llandovery, 1840.</ref><ref name="Williams1852">{{cite book|author=Rob Williams|title=A biographical dictionary of eminent Welshmen., from the earliest times to the present|url=https://archive.org/details/abiographicaldi00willgoog|accessdate=24 October 2012|year=1852|publisher=W. Rees|pages=[https://archive.org/details/abiographicaldi00willgoog/page/n540 536]–}}</ref>


Taliesin Williams's book was written about other Coelbrennau'r Beirdd, which is the name of a Welsh language manuscript in the [[Iolo Manuscripts]] and two manuscripts in [[Barddas]], one with the subtitle "yn dorredig a chyllell". Iolo Morganwg suggested they were originally the work of [[bard]]s from [[Glamorgan]] who had their manuscripts copied into collections stored at [[Plas y Fan]], [[Neath Abbey]], [[Margam Abbey]] and [[Raglan Library]], and compiled by [[Meurig Dafydd]] and [[Lewys Morgannwg]], amongst others, in the 1700s. These were suggested to have again been transcribed by [[Edward Dafydd]], [[John Bradford]] and [[Llywelyn Siôn]]. Morganwg suggested that he had collected some of Siôn and Bradford's manuscripts, while the majority, including all of Lewys Morgannwg's sources, were lost. This claim to authenticity has been questioned by numerous scholars such as [[Glyn Cothi Lewis]].<ref name="Association1846">{{cite book|author=Cambrian Archaeological Association|title=Archaeologia cambrensis|url=https://archive.org/details/archaeologiacam03powegoog|accessdate=8 November 2012|year=1846|publisher=W. Pickering|pages=[https://archive.org/details/archaeologiacam03powegoog/page/n597 472]–}}</ref><ref name="Cothi)1837">{{cite book|author=Lewis (Glyn Cothi)|title=Gwaith Lewis Glyn Cothi: The Poetical Works of Lewis Glyn Cothi, a Celebrated Bard, who Flourished in the Reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV, Richard III, and Henry VII|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FksAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA260|accessdate=8 November 2012|year=1837|publisher=Hughes|pages=260–}}</ref><ref name="MorganwgJones1848">{{cite book|author1=Iolo Morganwg|author2=Owen Jones|author3=Society for the Publication of Ancient Welsh Manuscripts, Abergavenny|title=Iolo manuscripts: A selection of ancient Welsh manuscripts, in prose and verse, from the collection made by the late Edward Williams, Iolo Morganwg, for the purpose of forming a continuation of the Myfyrian archaiology; and subsequently proposed as materials for a new history of Wales|url=https://archive.org/details/iolomanuscripts00manugoog|accessdate=24 October 2012|year=1848|publisher=W. Rees; sold by Longman and co., London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/iolomanuscripts00manugoog/page/n28 10]–}}</ref><ref name="Löffler2007">{{cite book|author=Marion Löffler|title=The literary and historical legacy of Iolo Morganwg, 1826–1926|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TIBnAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=24 October 2012|year=2007|publisher=University of Wales Press|isbn=978-0-7083-2113-3}}</ref>
Taliesin Williams's book was written about other Coelbrennau'r Beirdd, which is the name of a Welsh language manuscript in the [[Iolo Manuscripts]] and two manuscripts in [[Barddas]], one with the subtitle "yn dorredig a chyllell". Iolo Morganwg suggested they were originally the work of [[bard]]s from [[Glamorgan]] who had their manuscripts copied into collections stored at [[Plas y Fan]], [[Neath Abbey]], [[Margam Abbey]] and [[Raglan Library]], and compiled by [[Meurig Dafydd]] and [[Lewys Morgannwg]], amongst others, in the 1700s. These were suggested to have again been transcribed by [[Edward Dafydd]], [[John Bradford]] and [[Llywelyn Siôn]]. Morganwg suggested that he had collected some of Siôn and Bradford's manuscripts, while the majority, including all of Lewys Morgannwg's sources, were lost. This claim to authenticity has been questioned by some scholars such as [[Glyn Cothi Lewis]].<ref name="Association1846">{{cite book|author=Cambrian Archaeological Association|title=Archaeologia cambrensis|url=https://archive.org/details/archaeologiacam03powegoog|accessdate=8 November 2012|year=1846|publisher=W. Pickering|pages=[https://archive.org/details/archaeologiacam03powegoog/page/n597 472]–}}</ref><ref name="Cothi)1837">{{cite book|author=Lewis (Glyn Cothi)|title=Gwaith Lewis Glyn Cothi: The Poetical Works of Lewis Glyn Cothi, a Celebrated Bard, who Flourished in the Reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV, Richard III, and Henry VII|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FksAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA260|accessdate=8 November 2012|year=1837|publisher=Hughes|pages=260–}}</ref><ref name="MorganwgJones1848">{{cite book|author1=Iolo Morganwg|author2=Owen Jones|author3=Society for the Publication of Ancient Welsh Manuscripts, Abergavenny|title=Iolo manuscripts: A selection of ancient Welsh manuscripts, in prose and verse, from the collection made by the late Edward Williams, Iolo Morganwg, for the purpose of forming a continuation of the Myfyrian archaiology; and subsequently proposed as materials for a new history of Wales|url=https://archive.org/details/iolomanuscripts00manugoog|accessdate=24 October 2012|year=1848|publisher=W. Rees; sold by Longman and co., London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/iolomanuscripts00manugoog/page/n28 10]–}}</ref><ref name="Löffler2007">{{cite book|author=Marion Löffler|title=The literary and historical legacy of Iolo Morganwg, 1826–1926|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TIBnAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=24 October 2012|year=2007|publisher=University of Wales Press|isbn=978-0-7083-2113-3}}</ref>


Table of letters in ''Celtic Researches'' (1804) by [[Edward Davies (Celtic)|Edward Davies]] (1756–1831):
Table of letters in ''Celtic Researches'' (1804) by [[Edward Davies (Celtic)|Edward Davies]] (1756–1831):

Revision as of 22:47, 18 October 2020

Painting of Dewi Wyn o Eifion (1784–1841) with the title written in Coelbren y Beirdd

The Coelbren y Beirdd (English: "Bards' alphabet") is a script discovered in the late eighteenth century by Edward Williams, best known as Iolo Morganwg.[1]

The alphabet system consisted of twenty letters and twenty other representations of elongated vowels that resembled Ancient Greek and could be carved on four-sided pieces of wood and fitted into a frame he called a "peithynen". Williams presented wooden druidic alphabets to friends and notables, and succeeded in persuading many of its authenticity.[2]

A Welsh Bardic and Druidic essay, written by his son Taliesin Williams and published as a pamphlet in 1840, defended the authenticity of the alphabet and won the Abergavenny Eisteddfod in 1838.[3][4]

Taliesin Williams's book was written about other Coelbrennau'r Beirdd, which is the name of a Welsh language manuscript in the Iolo Manuscripts and two manuscripts in Barddas, one with the subtitle "yn dorredig a chyllell". Iolo Morganwg suggested they were originally the work of bards from Glamorgan who had their manuscripts copied into collections stored at Plas y Fan, Neath Abbey, Margam Abbey and Raglan Library, and compiled by Meurig Dafydd and Lewys Morgannwg, amongst others, in the 1700s. These were suggested to have again been transcribed by Edward Dafydd, John Bradford and Llywelyn Siôn. Morganwg suggested that he had collected some of Siôn and Bradford's manuscripts, while the majority, including all of Lewys Morgannwg's sources, were lost. This claim to authenticity has been questioned by some scholars such as Glyn Cothi Lewis.[5][6][7][8]

Table of letters in Celtic Researches (1804) by Edward Davies (1756–1831):

See also

References

  1. ^ "Archived copy of "Coelbren y Beirdd – The Bardic Alphabet"". Archived from the original on 17 November 2010. Retrieved 26 February 2011.
  2. ^ Jane Williams (18 November 2010). A History of Wales: Derived from Authentic Sources. Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–. ISBN 978-1-108-02085-5. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  3. ^ Williams, Taliesin., (ab Iolo), Coelbren Y Beirdd; a Welsh Essay on the Bardic Alphabet, W. Rees, Llandovery, 1840.
  4. ^ Rob Williams (1852). A biographical dictionary of eminent Welshmen., from the earliest times to the present. W. Rees. pp. 536–. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  5. ^ Cambrian Archaeological Association (1846). Archaeologia cambrensis. W. Pickering. pp. 472–. Retrieved 8 November 2012.
  6. ^ Lewis (Glyn Cothi) (1837). Gwaith Lewis Glyn Cothi: The Poetical Works of Lewis Glyn Cothi, a Celebrated Bard, who Flourished in the Reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV, Richard III, and Henry VII. Hughes. pp. 260–. Retrieved 8 November 2012.
  7. ^ Iolo Morganwg; Owen Jones; Society for the Publication of Ancient Welsh Manuscripts, Abergavenny (1848). Iolo manuscripts: A selection of ancient Welsh manuscripts, in prose and verse, from the collection made by the late Edward Williams, Iolo Morganwg, for the purpose of forming a continuation of the Myfyrian archaiology; and subsequently proposed as materials for a new history of Wales. W. Rees; sold by Longman and co., London. pp. 10–. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  8. ^ Marion Löffler (2007). The literary and historical legacy of Iolo Morganwg, 1826–1926. University of Wales Press. ISBN 978-0-7083-2113-3. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
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