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[[Image:Roomba original.jpg|thumb|right|First generation [[Roomba]] vacuums the carpets in a domestic environment]]
[[Image:Roomba original.jpg|thumb|right|First generation [[Roomba]] vacuums the carpets in a domestic environment]]


A '''domestic robot''' is a type of [[service robot]], an [[autonomous robot]] that is primarily used for [[household chore]]s, but may also be used for [[education]], [[entertainment]] or [[therapy]]. Thus far, there are only a few limited models, though speculators, such as [[Bill Gates]], have suggested that they could become more common in the future.<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=a-robot-in-every-home | title = A Robot in Every Home | journal = Scientific American | volume = 296 | pages = 58–65 | date = January 2007 | accessdate = 2010-09-19 | author-link = Bill Gates | first = William ‘Bill’ III | last = Gates| doi = 10.1038/scientificamerican0107-58 }}</ref> Breakthroughs<ref name=dexarticle>{{cite web |last1=Knight |first1=Will |title=This is the most dexterous robot ever created |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/610587/robots-get-closer-to-human-like-dexterity/ |website=MIT Technology Review}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hodson |first1=Richard |title=How robots are grasping the art of gripping |journal=Nature |date=10 May 2018 |volume=557 |issue=7704 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05093-1}}</ref><ref name=dexnet>[https://berkeleyautomation.github.io/dex-net/ Mahler, Jeffrey, et al. "Dexterity Network Home Page"]</ref> in universal picking,<ref name=universalpicking>[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-94120-2_35 Alonso, Marcos, Alberto Izaguirre, and Manuel Graña. "Current Research Trends in Robot Grasping and Bin Picking." The 13th International Conference on Soft Computing Models in Industrial and Environmental Applications. Springer, Cham, 2018.]</ref> the ability for robots to rapidly and reliably grasp a diverse range of products, are responsible for enabling domestic robots to excel in tasks requiring dexterous manipulation of household objects previously thought to be too difficult for robots to grasp. While most domestic robots are simplistic, some are connected to [[WiFi]] home networks or [[smart environment]]s and are [[autonomous]] to a high degree due to advances in [[fog computing]] and fog robotics. There were an estimated 3,540,000 service robots in use in 2006{{clarify|where? the world? an update would be useful too|date=January 2016}}, compared with an estimated 950,000 [[industrial robot]]s.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://blogs.spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/2008/03/21/10_stats_you_should_know_about_robots.html | title = 10 stats you should know about robots but never bothered googling up | first = Erico | last = Guizzo | date = 2008-03-21 | accessdate = 2010-09-19 | publisher = [[IEEE Spectrum]] | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090228170802/http://blogs.spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/2008/03/21/10_stats_you_should_know_about_robots.html | archivedate = 2009-02-28 }}</ref>
A '''domestic robot''' is a type of [[service robot]], an [[autonomous robot]] that is primarily used for [[household chore]]s, but may also be used for [[education]], [[entertainment]] or [[therapy]]. Thus far, there are only a few limited models, though speculators, such as [[Bill Gates]], have suggested that they could become more common in the future.<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=a-robot-in-every-home | title = A Robot in Every Home | journal = Scientific American | volume = 296 | pages = 58–65 | date = January 2007 | accessdate = 2010-09-19 | author-link = Bill Gates | first = William ‘Bill’ III | last = Gates| doi = 10.1038/scientificamerican0107-58 }}</ref> Breakthroughs<ref name=dexarticle>{{cite web |last1=Knight |first1=Will |title=This is the most dexterous robot ever created |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/610587/robots-get-closer-to-human-like-dexterity/ |website=MIT Technology Review}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hodson |first1=Richard |title=How robots are grasping the art of gripping |journal=Nature |date=10 May 2018 |volume=557 |issue=7704 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05093-1}}</ref><ref name=dexnet>[https://berkeleyautomation.github.io/dex-net/ Mahler, Jeffrey, et al. "Dexterity Network Home Page"]</ref> in universal picking,<ref name=universalpicking>[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-94120-2_35 Alonso, Marcos, Alberto Izaguirre, and Manuel Graña. "Current Research Trends in Robot Grasping and Bin Picking." The 13th International Conference on Soft Computing Models in Industrial and Environmental Applications. Springer, Cham, 2018.]</ref> the ability for robots to rapidly and reliably grasp a diverse range of products, are responsible for enabling domestic robots to excel in tasks requiring dexterous manipulation of household objects previously thought to be too difficult for robots to grasp. While most domestic robots are simplistic, some are connected to [[WiFi]] home networks or [[smart environment]]s and are [[autonomous]] to a high degree due to advances in [[fog computing]] and [[fog robotics]]. There were an estimated 3,540,000 service robots in use in 2006{{clarify|where? the world? an update would be useful too|date=January 2016}}, compared with an estimated 950,000 [[industrial robot]]s.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://blogs.spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/2008/03/21/10_stats_you_should_know_about_robots.html | title = 10 stats you should know about robots but never bothered googling up | first = Erico | last = Guizzo | date = 2008-03-21 | accessdate = 2010-09-19 | publisher = [[IEEE Spectrum]] | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090228170802/http://blogs.spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/2008/03/21/10_stats_you_should_know_about_robots.html | archivedate = 2009-02-28 }}</ref>


==History==
==History==
Line 76: Line 76:
* [[Domotics]]
* [[Domotics]]
* [[Dustbot]]
* [[Dustbot]]
* [[Fog robotics]]
* [[Fog computing]]
* [[Fog computing]]
* [[Floor plans]]
* [[Floor plans]]

Revision as of 07:38, 31 January 2019

First generation Roomba vacuums the carpets in a domestic environment

A domestic robot is a type of service robot, an autonomous robot that is primarily used for household chores, but may also be used for education, entertainment or therapy. Thus far, there are only a few limited models, though speculators, such as Bill Gates, have suggested that they could become more common in the future.[1] Breakthroughs[2][3][4] in universal picking,[5] the ability for robots to rapidly and reliably grasp a diverse range of products, are responsible for enabling domestic robots to excel in tasks requiring dexterous manipulation of household objects previously thought to be too difficult for robots to grasp. While most domestic robots are simplistic, some are connected to WiFi home networks or smart environments and are autonomous to a high degree due to advances in fog computing and fog robotics. There were an estimated 3,540,000 service robots in use in 2006[clarification needed], compared with an estimated 950,000 industrial robots.[6]

History

Early historical attempts to bring robots into the home include the HERO (1982–89) and the Topo (1983).[citation needed]

Indoor robots

This type of domestic robot does chores around and inside homes. Different kinds include:

Robotic vacuum cleaners and floor-washing robots that clean floors with sweeping and wet mopping functions. Some use Swiffer or other disposable cleaning cloths to dry-sweep, or reusable microfiber cloths to wet-mop.

Within the ironing robots, Dressman is a mannequin to dry and iron shirts using hot air.[7] Other ones also includes mannequin for down parts (pants, trousers and skirts). More advanced ones fold and organizes the clothes, as Laundroid (using image analysis and artificial intelligence), Effie (irons 12 items of clothing at once) and FoldiMate.

Cat litter robots are automatic self-cleaning litter boxes that filter clumps out into a built-in waste receptacle that can be lined with an ordinary plastic bag.

Robotic kitchens include Rotimatic (which makes rotis, tortillas, puris out of flour in just few minutes), Moley Robotics MK1 and Prometheus delta robot.[8]

Security robots such as Knightscope have a night-vision-capable wide-angle camera that detects movements and intruders. It can patrol places and shoot video of suspicious activities, too, and send alerts via email or text message; the stored history of past alerts and videos are accessible via the Web. The robot can also be configured to go into action at any time of the day.[9]

Atlas is a robot built to perform in house task such as sweeping, opening doors, climbing stairs, etc.[10]

Outdoor robots

A robotic lawn mower is a lawn mower that is able to mow a lawn by itself after being programmed. Once programmed, this invention repeats the operation by itself according to its programming. Robotic lawn mowers come with a power unit which may be an electric motor or internal combustion engine. This provides power to the robot and allows it to move itself and its cutting blades. There is also a control unit which helps the mower move. This unit also contains a memory unit which records and memorizes its operation programming. Its memorized route includes the length of travel in a given direction and turns angles. This allows the same lawn to be mowed repeatedly without having to reprogram. The steering unit acquires an operation signal and propels the lead wheel, which leads the mower, go guide along the programmed route.

Some models can mow complicated and uneven lawns that are up to three-quarters of an acre in size. Others can mow a lawn as large as 40,000 square feet (3,700 m2), can handle a hill inclined up to 27 degrees.[9]

There are also automated pool cleaners that clean and maintain swimming pools autonomously by scrubbing in-ground pools from the floor to the waterline in 3 hours, cleaning and circulating more than 70 US gallons (260 L) of water per minute, and removing debris as small as 2 µm in size.[9]

Gutter-cleaning robots such as Looj use brushes and rubber blades to remove debris from rain gutters; users operate the device using a remote.[11]

Window cleaning robots are most commonly used to clean outdoor windows, more specifically house windows. However, it may be used on other types of windows, such as ones on tall buildings and structures. This robot contains a movement system which allows the robot to navigate itself across the window surface in a defined direction. It also has a powered agitator located by the cleaning pad. When activated, the agitator gets rid of debris and dirt from the window surface. The cleaning pad directly interacts with the window surface and is directly responsible for removing the dirt by filling itself with specialized window cleaning fluid.

A window-washing robot commonly uses two magnetic modules to navigate windows as it sprays the cleaning solution onto microfiber pads to wash them. It covers about 1,601 square feet (148.7 m2) per charge.[12][13]

Toys

See also: Category:Toy robots
See also: Personal robot

Robotic toys, such as the well known Furby, have been popular since 1998. There are also small humanoid remote-controlled robots as well as electronic pets, such as robotic dogs. They have also have been used by many universities in competitions such as the RoboCup.

Social robots

Main articles: Personal robot and Social robot

Social robots take on the function of social communication. Domestic humanoid robots are used by elderly and immobilized residents to keep them company.

Home-telepresence robots can move around in a remote location and let one communicate with people there via its camera, speaker, and microphone.

Network robots link ubiquitous networks with robots, contributing to the creation of new lifestyles and solutions to address a variety of social problems including the aging of population and nursing care.[14]

Robots built for therapy have been in production for quite some time now. Some of these uses can be for autism or physical therapy.

Lt. Comm. Data is a Starfleet officer in Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987-1994). The episode that best explains who Data is was "The Measure of A Man", Data, an android on the U.S.S. Enterprise is on trial to determine whether or not he is truly human. He likes to be seen as a human, not a robot.

In the Star Wars film series, robots of all shapes and sizes can be found assisting the humans with several tasks. C-3PO is a robot designed to assist humans in translation, and etiquette.[15]

Many cartoons feature robot maids, notably Rosie the Robot from The Jetsons. Maid Robots are especially prominent in anime (in Japanese, they are called Meido Robo, Meido Roboto or meido robot), and their artificial intelligence ranges from rudimentary to fully sentient and emotional, while their appearance ranges from obviously mechanical to human-like.

The 2009 adaptation of Astro Boy, based on creator Osamu Tezuka's Japanese anime Tetsuwan Atomu, showcases robots with various domestic functions. Orrin, with resemblance to the comedic, gold, humanoid companion, Starwars C-3PO, plays Dr. Tenma's domestic robot performing various tasks such as housekeeping and tutoring to Dr. Tenma's son, Toby.[16]

A vignette, shown at the end of the final episode of Syfy's failed 2010 Battlestar Galactica prequel TV series Caprica, features early models of Cylons serving as domestic and industrial robotic assistants for the human inhabitants of the Twelve Colonies of Kobol, some five years prior to the revolt that precipitated the First Cylon War.

In the 2008 film Wall-E humans use sentient robots as trash compactors to clean up the mess they left behind on Earth. Wall-E is a small bulldozer-like robot who has claws for hands and spends all his time collecting garbage. Another robot named Eve is small, sleek, and can fly.[17]

The 2012 movie Robot & Frank featured a domestic robot, the story of the movie centered on an elderly man and his relationship with a caretaker robot.

See also

References

  1. ^ Gates, William ‘Bill’ III (January 2007). "A Robot in Every Home". Scientific American. 296: 58–65. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0107-58. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
  2. ^ Knight, Will. "This is the most dexterous robot ever created". MIT Technology Review.
  3. ^ Hodson, Richard (10 May 2018). "How robots are grasping the art of gripping". Nature. 557 (7704).
  4. ^ Mahler, Jeffrey, et al. "Dexterity Network Home Page"
  5. ^ Alonso, Marcos, Alberto Izaguirre, and Manuel Graña. "Current Research Trends in Robot Grasping and Bin Picking." The 13th International Conference on Soft Computing Models in Industrial and Environmental Applications. Springer, Cham, 2018.
  6. ^ Guizzo, Erico (2008-03-21). "10 stats you should know about robots but never bothered googling up". IEEE Spectrum. Archived from the original on 2009-02-28. Retrieved 2010-09-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Dressman
  8. ^ Robotic Kitchen - High Tech Cooking Robot Chef
  9. ^ a b c DesMarais, Christina (2013-04-16). "Domestic Robots: High-Tech House Helpers". PCWorld. Retrieved 2013-03-28.
  10. ^ "The household robots who will do your chores". Wired UK. 2016-02-22.
  11. ^ Looj
  12. ^ Winbot Window-Washing Robot: Like Roomba, but for Glass Windows
  13. ^ Windoro window cleaning robot review.
  14. ^ Network Robot Forum Archived October 24, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ Salmon, Paul. "What the Robots of Star Wars tell us about Automation". Phys.
  16. ^ "Tetsuwan Atomu [Mighty Atom] - The Japanese Collections at the Library of Congress: Past, Present, and Future (September 20–October 16, 2010)". www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2018-09-05.
  17. ^ Ebert, Roger. "Wall-E movie review". Rogerebert.

https://patents.google.com/patent/US4694639A/en https://patents.google.com/patent/US20170164797A1/en

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