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{{Short description|Former United States Army Department}}
[[Image:Pacific Northwest Military Outposts.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Military outposts in the Pacific Northwest]]
[[Image:Pacific Northwest Military Outposts.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Military outposts in the Pacific Northwest]]


The '''Department of Oregon''' was one of two Army Departments created September 13, 1858, replacing the original [[Department of the Pacific]] and was composed of the [[Washington Territory|Territories of Washington]] and [[Oregon Territory|Oregon]], except the Rogue River and Umpqua Districts, which were assigned to the [[Department of California]]. Its creation was authorized by General Orders, No. 10, of the War Department, Adjutant-General's Office, September 13, 1858. Its Headquarters was at [[Fort Vancouver]], in the [[Washington Territory]].<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=ch4VAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=Hoopa&f=false '''The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Vol. 50, Part 1, OPERATIONS ON THE PACIFIC COAST JANUARY 1, 1861 - JUNE 30, 1865''', Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1897. pp. 1, 37-38.]</ref>
The '''Department of Oregon''' was one of two Army Departments created September 13, 1858, replacing the original [[Department of the Pacific]] and was composed of the [[Washington Territory|Territories of Washington]] and [[Oregon Territory|Oregon]], except the Rogue River and Umpqua Districts, which were assigned to the [[Department of California]]. Its creation was authorized by General Orders, No. 10, of the [[United States Department of War]], Adjutant-General's Office, September 13, 1858. Its headquarters was at [[Vancouver Barracks|Fort Vancouver]], in the [[Washington Territory]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ch4VAAAAYAAJ&q=Hoopa ''The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Vol. 50, Part 1, OPERATIONS ON THE PACIFIC COAST JANUARY 1, 1861 - JUNE 30, 1865'', Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1897. pp. 1, 37-38.]</ref>


==Commanders==
==Commanders==
Its first commander was [[Brevet]] [[Brigadier General]] [[William S. Harney]], [[U.S. Army]], from 1858 to June 1860. Shortly after he took command he sent troops under Captain [[George E. Pickett]] to [[San Juan Island]] precipitating the [[Pig War]] with [[Great Britain]]. Due to these altercations with the British he was recalled in June 1860 by the secretary of war who reassigned Harney to the [[Department of the West]], replacing him with the victor of the Oregon Indian Wars, Colonel [[George Wright (general)|George Wright]], [[U.S. 9th Infantry Regiment]], from June 8, 1860. The Department of Oregon was merged into the restored [[Department of the Pacific]] on January 15, 1861, as the [[District of Oregon (military)|District of Oregon]] administering the same territories, under Col. Wright.<ref>'''The war of the rebellion, Series 1, Vol. 50, Part 1, OPERATIONS ON THE PACIFIC COAST.", pp. 1.</ref>
Its first commander was [[Brevet (military)|Brevet]] [[Brigadier General]] [[William S. Harney]], [[U.S. Army]], from 1858 to June 1860. Shortly after he took command he sent troops under Captain [[George E. Pickett]] to [[San Juan Island]] precipitating the [[Pig War (1859)|Pig War]] with [[Great Britain]]. Due to these altercations with the British he was recalled in June 1860 by the [[United States Secretary of War]] who reassigned Harney to the [[Department of the West]], replacing him with the victor of the Oregon Indian Wars, Colonel [[George Wright (general)|George Wright]], of the [[U.S. 9th Infantry Regiment]], from June 8, 1860.
The Department of Oregon was merged into the restored [[Department of the Pacific]] on January 15, 1861, as the [[District of Oregon (military)|District of Oregon]] administering the same territories, under Col. Wright.<ref>"The war of the rebellion, Series 1, Vol. 50, Part 1, OPERATIONS ON THE PACIFIC COAST.", pp. 1.</ref>
[[File:Pacific_Theatre_1861-01-01.png|thumb|Garrisons of the Departments of California and Oregon 1 January 1861]]


==Posts in the Department of Oregon==
==Posts in the Department of Oregon==
===Washington===
* [[Fort Colville]], Washington Territory 1825 - 1870
* [[Fort Colville]], Washington Territory 1825 - 1870
* [[Fort Steilacoom]], Washington Territory 1849 - 1868
* [[Fort Steilacoom]], Washington Territory 1849 - 1868
* [[Fort Dalles]], Oregon 1850-1867
* [[Vancouver Barracks|Fort Vancouver]], Washington Territory 1849-1879
⚫
* [[Fort Vancouver|Vancouver Barracks]], Washington Territory 1849-1879
* [[Fort Bellingham]], Washington Territory 1855 - 1860
* [[Fort Bellingham]], Washington Territory 1855 - 1860
* [[Fort Cascades]], Washington Territory 1855 - 1861
* [[Fort Cascades]], Washington Territory 1855 - 1861
⚫
* [[Fort Yamhill]], Oregon 1856 - 1866
* [[Fort Townsend State Park|Fort Townsend]], Washington Territory 1856 - 1861
* [[Fort Townsend State Park|Fort Townsend]], Washington Territory 1856 - 1861
* [[Fort Walla Walla]], Washington Territory 1856 - 1911
* [[Fort Walla Walla]], Washington Territory 1856 - 1911
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* [[Camp Chehalis]], Washington Territory 1860 - 1861
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* [[San Juan Island National Historical Park|Camp Pickett]], Washington Territory 1859-1863

===Idaho===
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* [[Major Howe's Camp]], Washington Territory (Idaho) 1860 <ref>A temporary Federal camp located on the [[Portneuf River (Idaho)|Portneuf River]], near [[Chubbuck, Idaho]].</ref>
⚫
* [[Fort Hall]], Washington Territory (Idaho) 1859 - 1860

===Oregon===
* [[Fort Dalles]], Oregon 1850-1867
⚫
* [[Fort Yamhill]], Oregon 1856 - 1866
* [[Fort Hoskins]], Oregon 1857 - 1865
* [[Fort Hoskins]], Oregon 1857 - 1865
* [[Siletz Blockhouse]], Oregon 1858 - 1866 <ref>A two-story blockhouse built to protect the [[Siletz Reservation|Siletz Indian Agency]]. It was a subpost of Fort Hoskins. Originally called '''''Yaquina Bay Blockhouse''''' (1856 - 1858) located at the mouth of the [[Yaquina River]] near South Beach. It was dismantled and floated upriver in 1858. Located at [[Siletz, Oregon]].</ref>
* [[Siletz Blockhouse]], Oregon 1858 - 1866 <ref>A two-story blockhouse built to protect the [[Siletz Reservation|Siletz Indian Agency]]. It was a subpost of Fort Hoskins. Originally called '''''Yaquina Bay Blockhouse''''' (1856 - 1858) located at the mouth of the [[Yaquina River]] near South Beach. It was dismantled and floated upriver in 1858. Located at [[Siletz, Oregon]].</ref>
* [[Camp Randolph]] 1859 <ref>A temporary Army post near The Dalles on Three Mile Creek during the Wagon Road Expedition to [[Salt Lake City, Utah]].</ref>
* [[Camp Randolph]] 1859 <ref>A temporary Army post near The Dalles on Three Mile Creek during the Wagon Road Expedition to [[Salt Lake City, Utah]].</ref>
* [[Fort Hall]], Washington Territory (Idaho) 1859 - 1860
⚫
* [[San Juan Island National Historical Park|Camp Pickett]], Washington Territory 1859-1863
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* [[Camp Chehalis]], Washington Territory 1860 - 1861
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* [[Major Howe's Camp]], Washington Territory (Idaho) 1860 <ref>A temporary Federal camp located on the [[Portneuf River (Idaho)|Portneuf River]], near [[Chubbuck, Idaho]].</ref>
* [[Camp Owyhee]], Oregon 1860 <ref>A temporary Army post at the mouth of the [[Owyhee River]] near [[Owyhee, Oregon]]. Also called Camp Owyhee River.</ref>
* [[Camp Owyhee]], Oregon 1860 <ref>A temporary Army post at the mouth of the [[Owyhee River]] near [[Owyhee, Oregon]]. Also called Camp Owyhee River.</ref>
* [[Camp Union (Oregon)|Camp Union]], Oregon 1860 <ref>A temporary Army encampment near [[Riley, Oregon]] on Silver Creek about 30 miles northwest of [[Harney Lake]].</ref>
* [[Camp Union (Oregon)|Camp Union]], Oregon 1860 <ref>A temporary Army encampment near [[Riley, Oregon]] on Silver Creek about 30 miles northwest of [[Harney Lake]].</ref>
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Department Of Oregon}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Department Of Oregon}}
[[Category:Military units and formations of the United States Army]]
[[Category:Departments and districts of the United States Army|Oregon]]
[[Category:Oregon Territory]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1858]]
[[Category:Washington Territory]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1861]]
[[Category:Pre-state history of Oregon]]
[[Category:Military history of Oregon]]
[[Category:Pre-state history of Washington (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Military history of Washington (state)]]
[[Category:Pre-state history of Idaho]]
[[Category:Military history of Idaho]]
[[Category:Pre-state history of Montana]]
[[Category:Military history of Montana]]
[[Category:1858 establishments in Washington Territory]]

Latest revision as of 18:54, 20 April 2023

Military outposts in the Pacific Northwest

The Department of Oregon was one of two Army Departments created September 13, 1858, replacing the original Department of the Pacific and was composed of the Territories of Washington and Oregon, except the Rogue River and Umpqua Districts, which were assigned to the Department of California. Its creation was authorized by General Orders, No. 10, of the United States Department of War, Adjutant-General's Office, September 13, 1858. Its headquarters was at Fort Vancouver, in the Washington Territory.[1]

Commanders

[edit]

Its first commander was Brevet Brigadier General William S. Harney, U.S. Army, from 1858 to June 1860. Shortly after he took command he sent troops under Captain George E. Pickett to San Juan Island precipitating the Pig War with Great Britain. Due to these altercations with the British he was recalled in June 1860 by the United States Secretary of War who reassigned Harney to the Department of the West, replacing him with the victor of the Oregon Indian Wars, Colonel George Wright, of the U.S. 9th Infantry Regiment, from June 8, 1860.

The Department of Oregon was merged into the restored Department of the Pacific on January 15, 1861, as the District of Oregon administering the same territories, under Col. Wright.[2]

Garrisons of the Departments of California and Oregon 1 January 1861

Posts in the Department of Oregon

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Washington

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Idaho

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Oregon

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Vol. 50, Part 1, OPERATIONS ON THE PACIFIC COAST JANUARY 1, 1861 - JUNE 30, 1865, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1897. pp. 1, 37-38.
  2. ^ "The war of the rebellion, Series 1, Vol. 50, Part 1, OPERATIONS ON THE PACIFIC COAST.", pp. 1.
  3. ^ A temporary Federal camp located on the Portneuf River, near Chubbuck, Idaho.
  4. ^ A two-story blockhouse built to protect the Siletz Indian Agency. It was a subpost of Fort Hoskins. Originally called Yaquina Bay Blockhouse (1856 - 1858) located at the mouth of the Yaquina River near South Beach. It was dismantled and floated upriver in 1858. Located at Siletz, Oregon.
  5. ^ A temporary Army post near The Dalles on Three Mile Creek during the Wagon Road Expedition to Salt Lake City, Utah.
  6. ^ A temporary Army post at the mouth of the Owyhee River near Owyhee, Oregon. Also called Camp Owyhee River.
  7. ^ A temporary Army encampment near Riley, Oregon on Silver Creek about 30 miles northwest of Harney Lake.
  8. ^ A temporary Federal camp just west of Keno, Oregon that protected the Klamath Road.
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