ESSA-1: Difference between revisions

ESSA-1
	ESSA 1
Mission type	Weather satellite
Operator	ESSA/NASA
COSPAR ID	1966-008A
SATCAT no.	1982
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer	RCA Astro
Launch mass	304 kilograms (670 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date	February 3, 1966, 07:41:23 UTC
Rocket	Delta C
Launch site	Cape Canaveral LC-17A
End of mission
Disposal	Decommissioned
Deactivated	June 12, 1968
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Semi-major axis	7,115.60 kilometers (4,421.43 mi)
Eccentricity	0.0083082
Perigee altitude	685 kilometers (426 mi)
Apogee altitude	803 kilometers (499 mi)
Inclination	97.94 degrees
Period	99.56 minutes
Epoch	December 7, 2013, 20:11:52 UTC
	TOS ← TIROS-10; TIROS program ESSA-2 →

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ESSA-1 (or OT-3) was a spin-stabilized operational meteorological satellite. Its name was derived from that of its oversight agency, the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA).

Launch[edit]

ESSA-1 was launched on February 3, 1966, at 07:41 UTC. It was launched atop a Delta rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The spacecraft had a mass of 304 kilograms (670 lb) at the time of launch. ESSA-1 had an inclination of 97.91°, and an orbited the Earth once every 100 minutes. Its perigee was 702 kilometers (379 nmi) and its apogee was 845 kilometers (456 nmi).

ESSA-1 had a similar design to that of the TIROS satellite series. It was an 18-sided right prism, measuring 107 centimeters (42 in) across opposite corners and 56 centimeters (22 in). It had a reinforced baseplate, which carried most of the subsystems and a cover assembly (hat). ESSA-1 had approximately 10,000 1-cm by 2-cm solar cells, which charged 21 nickel–cadmium batteries. ESSA-1 was designed to take pictures of daytime cloud cover, record them, and transmit them when it was in range of a ground acquisition station.

The satellite spin rate and attitude were determined primarily by a magnetic attitude spin coil (MASC). The MASC was a current-carrying coil mounted in the cover assembly. The magnetic field induced by the coil interacted with that of the Earth's magnetic field, and provided the necessary torque to maintain a desired spin rate of 9.225 revolutions per minute (rpm). Five small solid-fuel thrusters mounted on the baseplate provided a secondary means of controlling the spin rate.

ESSA-1 operated normally until October 6, 1966, when the camera system failed. The spacecraft was fully deactivated on May 8, 1967, after being left on for an additional period of time for engineering purposes.

References[edit]

^ "ESSA 1". National Space Science Data Center. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
^ "ESSA". NASA Science. Archived from the original on December 11, 2013. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
^ "ESSA 1 (OT-3) Satellite details 1966-008A NORAD 1982". N2YO. December 7, 2013. Retrieved December 8, 2013.

This article incorporates public domain material from ESSA 1. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved March 5, 2009.

External links[edit]

"NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details - ESSA 1". NSSDC. May 14, 2012. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
"Tiros OT-3 spacecraft handling plan" (PDF). NASA. October 1, 1965. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
"Operational procedures for telemetry data processing for the TIROS 9 and OT-3 meteorological satellite system" (PDF). NASA. December 17, 1965. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
"Instruction and operating handbook Tiros 9 and OT-3 meteorological satellite system" (PDF). NASA. December 27, 1965. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
"Early orbit and attitude determination plan and prelaunch analysis for the satellite TIROS OT-3" (PDF). NASA. January 1, 1966. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
"Tiros OT-3 spacecraft handling plan" (PDF). NASA. January 7, 1966. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
"Alignment and calibration data for the TIROS OT-3 meteorological satellite" (PDF). NASA. January 17, 1966. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
"ESSA 1 (TIROS OT-3) Meteorological Satallite System, Vol. I" (PDF). NASA. April 20, 1966. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
L. J. Allison (May 1, 1972). "The development of hurricane Inez, 1966, as shown by satellite nighttime radiometric and daytime television coverage" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved January 1, 2013.

[nssdc-1] "ESSA 1". National Space Science Data Center. Retrieved December 8, 2013.

[launchlog-2] McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved December 8, 2013.

[3] "ESSA". NASA Science. Archived from the original on December 11, 2013. Retrieved December 8, 2013.

[n2yo-4] "ESSA 1 (OT-3) Satellite details 1966-008A NORAD 1982". N2YO. December 7, 2013. Retrieved December 8, 2013.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Former American weather satellite}}
 {{Use mdy dates|date=October 2018}}
-{{refimprove|date=December 2013}}
+{{more citations needed|date=December 2013}}
 {{Infobox spaceflight
 | name                  = ESSA-1
 | image                 = ESSA I Spac0020.jpg
 | image_caption         = ESSA 1
 | insignia              =
 | mission_type          = [[Weather satellite]]
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 | COSPAR_ID             = 1966-008A
 | SATCAT                = 1982
 | mission_duration      =
 | spacecraft_type       =
@@ Line 17: / Line 18: @@
 | manufacturer          = [[RCA Astro]]
 | dry_mass              =
-| launch_mass           = {{convert|304|kg}}<ref name="nssdc">{{cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-008A|title=ESSA 1|publisher=National Space Science Data Center|accessdate=December 8, 2013}}</ref>
+| launch_mass           = {{convert|304|kg}}<ref name="nssdc">{{cite web|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-008A|title=ESSA 1|publisher=National Space Science Data Center|access-date=December 8, 2013}}</ref>
 | dimensions            =
 | power                 =
-| launch_date           = {{start-date|February 3, 1966, 07:41:23|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC<ref name="launchlog">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=December 8, 2013}}</ref>
+| launch_date           = {{start-date|February 3, 1966, 07:41:23|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC<ref name="launchlog">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|access-date=December 8, 2013}}</ref>
 | launch_rocket         = [[Delta C]]
 | launch_site           = [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Cape Canaveral]] [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 17|LC-17A]]
 | launch_contractor     =
 | disposal_type         = Decommissioned
-| deactivated           = {{end-date|June 12, 1968}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://science1.nasa.gov/missions/essa/|title=ESSA|publisher=NASA Science|accessdate=December 8, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211172641/http://science1.nasa.gov/missions/essa/|archivedate=December 11, 2013|df=}}</ref>
+| deactivated           = {{end-date|June 12, 1968}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://science1.nasa.gov/missions/essa/|title=ESSA|publisher=NASA Science|access-date=December 8, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211172641/http://science1.nasa.gov/missions/essa/|archive-date=December 11, 2013}}</ref>
 | decay_date            =
-| orbit_epoch           = December 7, 2013, 20:11:52&nbsp;UTC<ref name="n2yo">{{cite web|url=http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=1982|title=ESSA 1 (OT-3) Satellite details 1966-008A NORAD 1982|work=N2YO|date=December 7, 2013|accessdate=December 8, 2013}}</ref>
+| orbit_epoch           = December 7, 2013, 20:11:52&nbsp;UTC<ref name="n2yo">{{cite web|url=http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=1982|title=ESSA 1 (OT-3) Satellite details 1966-008A NORAD 1982|work=N2YO|date=December 7, 2013|access-date=December 8, 2013}}</ref>
 | orbit_reference       = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
 | orbit_regime          = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
@@ Line 46: / Line 47: @@
 }}
-'''ESSA-1''' (or '''OT-3''') was a spin-stabilized operational meteorological satellite. Its name was derived from that of its oversight agency, the [[Environmental Science Services Administration]] (ESSA).
+'''ESSA-1''' (or '''[[OT-3]]''') was a spin-stabilized operational meteorological satellite. Its name was derived from that of its oversight agency, the [[Environmental Science Services Administration]] (ESSA).
 == Launch ==
-ESSA-1 was launched on February 3, 1966 at 07:41 [[UTC]]. It was launched atop a [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta]] rocket from [[Cape Canaveral]], [[Florida]]. The spacecraft had a mass of {{convert|304|kg|lb}} at the time of launch. ESSA-1 had an inclination of 97.91°, and an orbited the earth once every 100 minutes. Its [[perigee]] was {{convert|702|km|nmi|sp=us}} and its [[apogee]] was {{convert|845|km|nmi|sp=us}}.
+ESSA-1 was launched on February 3, 1966, at 07:41 [[UTC]]. It was launched atop a [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta]] rocket from [[Cape Canaveral]], [[Florida]]. The spacecraft had a mass of {{convert|304|kg|lb}} at the time of launch. ESSA-1 had an inclination of 97.91°, and an orbited the Earth once every 100 minutes. Its [[perigee]] was {{convert|702|km|nmi|sp=us}} and its [[apogee]] was {{convert|845|km|nmi|sp=us}}.
 ESSA-1 had a similar design to that of the [[Television Infrared Observation Satellite|TIROS]] [[satellite]] series. It was an 18-sided right prism, measuring {{convert|107|cm|in|sp=us}} across opposite corners and {{convert|56|cm|in|sp=us}}. It had a reinforced [[baseplate]], which carried most of the subsystems and a cover assembly (hat). ESSA-1 had approximately 10,000 1-cm by 2-cm [[solar cell]]s, which charged 21 [[Nickel–cadmium battery|nickel–cadmium batteries]]. ESSA-1 was designed to take pictures of daytime cloud cover, record them, and transmit them when it was in range of a ground acquisition station.
@@ Line 58: / Line 59: @@
 {{-}}
 ==References==
 {{Portal|Spaceflight}}
 {{reflist}}
-{{NASA|article=ESSA 1|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-008A|accessdate=March 5, 2009}}
+{{NASA|article=ESSA 1|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-008A|access-date=March 5, 2009}}
 ==External links==
-*{{cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-008A|title=NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details - ESSA 1|publisher=[[National Space Science Data Center|NSSDC]]|date=May 14, 2012|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1966-008A|title=NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details - ESSA 1|publisher=[[National Space Science Data Center|NSSDC]]|date=May 14, 2012|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067685_1975067685.pdf|title=Tiros OT-3 spacecraft handling plan|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=October 1, 1965|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067685_1975067685.pdf|title=Tiros OT-3 spacecraft handling plan|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=October 1, 1965|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067731_1975067731.pdf|title=Operational procedures for telemetry data processing for the TIROS 9 and OT-3 meteorological satellite system|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=December 17, 1965|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067731_1975067731.pdf|title=Operational procedures for telemetry data processing for the TIROS 9 and OT-3 meteorological satellite system|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=December 17, 1965|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067649_1975067649.pdf|title=Instruction and operating handbook Tiros 9 and OT-3 meteorological satellite system|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=December 27, 1965|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067649_1975067649.pdf|title=Instruction and operating handbook Tiros 9 and OT-3 meteorological satellite system|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=December 27, 1965|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067853_1975067853.pdf|title=Early orbit and attitude determination plan and prelaunch analysis for the satellite TIROS OT-3|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=January 1, 1966|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067853_1975067853.pdf|title=Early orbit and attitude determination plan and prelaunch analysis for the satellite TIROS OT-3|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=January 1, 1966|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067663_1975067663.pdf|title=Tiros OT-3 spacecraft handling plan|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=January 7, 1966|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067663_1975067663.pdf|title=Tiros OT-3 spacecraft handling plan|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=January 7, 1966|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067705_1975067705.pdf|title=Alignment and calibration data for the TIROS OT-3 meteorological satellite|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=January 17, 1966|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750067705_1975067705.pdf|title=Alignment and calibration data for the TIROS OT-3 meteorological satellite|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=January 17, 1966|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740078321_1974078321.pdf|title=ESSA 1 (TIROS OT-3) Meteorological Satallite System, Vol. I|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=April 20, 1966|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740078321_1974078321.pdf|title=ESSA 1 (TIROS OT-3) Meteorological Satallite System, Vol. I|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=April 20, 1966|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
-*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730010889_1973010889.pdf|title=The development of hurricane Inez, 1966, as shown by satellite nighttime radiometric and daytime television coverage |author=L. J. Allison|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=May 1, 1972|accessdate=January 1, 2013}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730010889_1973010889.pdf|title=The development of hurricane Inez, 1966, as shown by satellite nighttime radiometric and daytime television coverage |author=L. J. Allison|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=May 1, 1972|access-date=January 1, 2013}}
 {{TIROS}}
@@ Line 78: / Line 80: @@
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Essa-1}}
 [[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1966]]
 [[Category:Weather satellites of the United States]]

v t e TIROS satellites
TIROS	TIROS-1 TIROS-2 TIROS-3 TIROS-4 TIROS-5 TIROS-6 TIROS-7 TIROS-8 TIROS-9 TIROS-10
TOS	ESSA-1 ESSA-2 ESSA-3 ESSA-4 ESSA-5 ESSA-6 ESSA-7 ESSA-8 ESSA-9
ITOS	TIROS-M NOAA-1 ITOS-B NOAA-2 NOAA-3 NOAA-4 NOAA-5 ITOS-E
TIROS-N	TIROS-N NOAA-6 NOAA-B NOAA-7
Adv. TIROS-N	NOAA-8 NOAA-9 NOAA-10 NOAA-11 NOAA-12 NOAA-13 NOAA-14 NOAA-15 NOAA-16 NOAA-17 NOAA-18 NOAA-19

v t e ← 1965 Orbital launches in 1966 1967 →
January	Kosmos 104 OPS 2394 OPS 7253 OPS 3179 Kosmos 105 Kosmos 106 OPS 1593 Luna 9
February	OPS 7291 ESSA-1 OPS 1439 Kosmos 107 Kosmos 108 OPS 1184 OPS 3011 OPS 3031 Dipason Kosmos 109 DS-K-40 No.2 Kosmos 110 ESSA-2
March	Kosmos 111 OPS 3488 GATV-5003 Gemini VIII Kosmos 112 OPS 0879 OPS 0974 Kosmos 113 N-4 No.3 OPS 1117 Molniya-1 No.5 OV1-4 OV1-5 OPS 0340 Luna 10
April	Kosmos 114 OPS 1612 Surveyor SD-3 OAO-1 OPS 0910 Kosmos 115 OV3-1 Molniya 1-03 Kosmos 116
May	OPS 1508 Kosmos 117 Kosmos 118 OPS 1950 OPS 6785 Nimbus 2 Zenit-4 GATV-5004 OPS 0082 OPS 1788 Kosmos 119 Explorer 32 Surveyor 1
June	ATDA Gemini IX-A OPS 1577 OPS 1856 OGO-3 Kosmos 120 OV3-4 FTV-1351 Secor 6 ERS-16 OPS 9311 OPS 9312 OPS 9313 OPS 9314 OPS 9315 OPS 9316 OPS 9317 GGTS Kosmos 121 OPS 1599 PAGEOS Kosmos 122
July	Explorer 33 AS-203 Proton 3 Kosmos 123 OPS 1850 OV1-7 OV1-8 Kosmos 124 GATV-5005 Gemini X Kosmos 125 Kosmos 126 OPS 3014
August	OV3-3 Kosmos 127 OPS 1545 Lunar Orbiter 1 OPS 1832 OPS 6810 Pioneer 7 OPS 2366 FTV-1352 Secor 7 ERS-15 Luna 11 IDSCP 1 IDSCP 2 IDSCP 3 IDSCP 4 IDSCP 5 IDSCP 6 IDSCP 7 GGTS Kosmos 128
September	GATV-5006 Gemini XI OPS 6026 OPS 1686 OPS 6874 Zenit-2 No.40 OPS 6026 OPS 1686 OPS 6874 OGCh No.05L Surveyor 2 OPS 1703 Ōsumi 1 OPS 4096
October	ESSA-3 FTV-1583 Secor 8 OPS 2055 OPS 5345 Kosmos 129 Molniya 1-04 Kosmos 130 Luna 12 Surveyor SM-3 Intelsat II F-1 OV3-2
November	OGCh No.06L OPS 2070 OPS 5424 OPS 0855 OV4-1R OV4-1T OV1-6 Lunar Orbiter 2 OPS 1866 GATV-5001A Gemini XII Kosmos 131 Strela-2 No.1 Kosmos 132 Kosmos 133
December	Kosmos 134 OPS 1890 ATS-1 OV1-9 OV1-10 Kosmos 135 Soyuz 7K-OK No.1 OPS 8968 Biosatellite 1 Kosmos 136 Ōsumi 2 Kosmos 137 Luna 13 OPS 1584
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).