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Coordinates: 51°52′12″N 9°44′00″E / 51.870°N 9.7333°E / 51.870; 9.7333
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{{short description|Hill range in Germany}}
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The '''Elfas''' is a range of hills up to {{Höhe|409.6|DE-NN|link=true}} in the districts of [[Landkreis Holzminden|Holzminden]] an [[Northeim (district)|Northeim]] in [[Lower Saxony]] ([[Germany]]).
{{Infobox mountain range
| name = Elfas
| map_image = Reliefkarte Homburg, Elfas, Holzberg, Amtsberge.png
| map_caption = The Elfas between [[Stadtoldendorf]] and [[Einbeck]]
| photo = lowsaxlandscd.jpg
| photo_caption = The Elfas from the south
| state = Counties of [[Landkreis Holzminden|Holzminden]] and [[Landkreis Northeim|Northeim]]; [[Lower Saxony]] {{GER}}
| parent = [[Leine Uplands]], [[Lower Saxon Hills]]
| location =
| geology = [[Sandstone]]
| period = [[Bunter sandstone]]
| area_km2 =
| orogeny =
| highest = [[Helleberg (Elfas)|Helleberg]]
| elevation = {{Höhe|409.6|DE-NHN}}
| coordinates =
| length_km =
| range_coordinates = {{coord|51.870|N|9.7333|E|region:DE_type:mountain_scale:300000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
⚫
}}
⚫
The '''Elfas''' is a range of hills up to {{Höhe|409.6|DE-NN|link=true}}{{GeoQuelle|DE|BFN-Karten}} in the districts of [[Landkreis Holzminden|Holzminden]] and [[Northeim (district)|Northeim]] in [[Lower Saxony]] ([[Germany]]). Its name is derived from the [[Eastphalian dialect|Lower Saxon]] word ''Fast'', which means an area of upland that descends on two sides.<ref name="GSchambach" />


== Geographical location ==
== Geographical location ==
The Elfas is located in the middle of the [[Leine Uplands]] between the [[Hils]] to the north, the [[Homburg Forest]] to the west, the [[Hube (hills)|Hube]] to the east, the [[Amtsberge]] to the south-southwest and the [[Holzberg]] to the southwest. It lies not far southest of [[Eschershausen]] and east of [[Stadtoldendorf]]; the town of [[Einbeck]] is about 12&nbsp;km southeast of the Elfas. The [[Bundesstraße 64|B&nbsp;64]] federal highway runs past the Elfas to the north linking Eschershausen with Einbeck.
The Elfas is located in the middle of the [[Leine Uplands]] between the [[Hils]] to the north, the [[Homburg Forest]] to the west, the [[Hube (hills)|Hube]] to the east, the [[Amtsberge]] to the south-southwest and the [[Holzberg]] to the southwest. It lies not far southwest of [[Eschershausen]] and east of [[Stadtoldendorf]]; the town of [[Einbeck]] is about 12&nbsp;km southeast of the Elfas. The [[Bundesstraße 64|B&nbsp;64]] federal highway runs past the Elfas to the north linking Eschershausen with Einbeck.


The rounded summits of the Elfas are covered by [[acidic soil]] [[Beech|beech forests]].
The rounded summits of the Elfas are covered by [[acidic soil]] [[Beech|beech forests]].


== Geology ==
== Geology ==
The Elfas is mainly composed of [[sandstone]]s from the [[Bunter sandstone]] period. As the result of a [[Halokinesis|halokinetic]] process, which had already been concluded in the [[Palaeogene]] period, the Elfas [[fault block]] migrated in a north-easterly direction towards the [[Solling]], whereby the mountain-building sandstone rode up over a layer of [[saliniferous rock]] of the [[Zechstein]]. In the course of this process, mainly older rock strata that had hitherto lain underneath, were overthrust. Out of the subsequent erosion processes today's [[scarpland]] emerged as the northern boundary of the [[Einbeck-Markoldendorf Basin]].<ref name="AHerrmann" />
⚫
The Elfas is mainly composed of [[sandstone]]s from the [[Bunter sandstone]] period. Geologists in the Weser Uplands also use the terms Elfas Axis (''Elfas-Achse'') or Elfas Fault (''Elfas-Überschiebung'') for the regional fault line, as well as the term ''Elfas Saddle''.

⚫
Geologists in the Weser Uplands also use the terms Elfas Axis (''Elfas-Achse'') or Elfas Fault (''Elfas-Überschiebung'') for the regional fault line, as well as the term ''Elfas Saddle''.


== Hills ==
== Hills ==
The hills in the Elfas include (heights in metres above [[Normalnull|NN]]):
The hills in the Elfas include (heights in metres above [[Normalnull|NN]]{{GeoQuelle|DE|BFN-Karten}}):
{{colbegin}}
{|
⚫
* [[Helleberg (hills)|Helleberg]] (409.6 m)
| width = "250" valign = "top" |
⚫
* [[Helleberg]] (409.6 m)
* Ahrensberg (405 m)
* Ahrensberg (405 m)
* Kneppelberg (386.0 m)
* Kneppelberg (386.0 m)
Line 19: Line 40:
* Vorwohler Berg (360.2 m)
* Vorwohler Berg (360.2 m)
* Moosberg (344.7 m)
* Moosberg (344.7 m)
| valign = "top" |
* Eichholzberg (341.5 m)
* Eichholzberg (341.5 m)
* Döhrenberg (307.1 m)
* Döhrenberg (307.1 m)
Line 26: Line 46:
* Böhneberg (290.0 m)
* Böhneberg (290.0 m)
* Heisennacken (267.0 m)
* Heisennacken (267.0 m)
{{colend}}
⚫
|}


== Streams ==
== Streams ==
The streams of the Elfas include:
The streams of the Elfas include:
* Allerbach (eastern tributary of the Bewer)
* Allerbach (eastern tributary of the Bewer)
* Bewer (northern tributary of the [[Ilme]])
* [[Bewer]] (northern tributary of the [[Ilme]])
* Hillebach (northern tributary of the [[Krummes Wasser]])
* Hillebach (northern tributary of the [[Krummes Wasser]])
* [[Lenne (Weser)|Lenne]] (passes the Elfas to the west)
* [[Lenne (Weser)|Lenne]] (passes the Elfas to the west)


== References ==
{{Coord|51|52.5|N|9|44|E|type:mountain_elevation:409.6_region:DE-NI|display=title}}
<references>
<ref name="GSchambach">Georg Schambach: [https://books.google.com/books?id=0YUCAAAAQAAJ&dq=fersengeld+w%C3%B6rterbuch&pg=PA257 Wörterbuch der niederdeutschen Mundart], 1858, p.&nbsp;257</ref>
<!---->
<ref name="AHerrmann">Axel Herrmann, Carsten Hinze, Volker Stein: ''Die halokinetische Deutung der Elfas-Überschiebung im südniedersächsischen Bergland'', in: ''Geologisches Jahrbuch&nbsp;84'', 1967, pp.&nbsp;407ff.</ref>
</references>


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[[Category:Central Uplands]]


[[Category:Geography of Lower Saxony]]
[[Category:Central Uplands]]
[[Category:Hills of Lower Saxony]]
[[Category:Hill ranges of Lower Saxony]]
[[Category:Natural regions of the Weser-Leine Uplands]]
[[Category:Holzminden (district)]]
⚫
[[Category:Northeim (district)]]

Latest revision as of 12:37, 20 April 2024

Elfas
The Elfas from the south
Highest point
PeakHelleberg
Elevation409.6 m above NHN
Geography
The Elfas between Stadtoldendorf and Einbeck
StateCounties of Holzminden and Northeim; Lower Saxony  Germany
Range coordinates51°52′12″N 9°44′00″E / 51.870°N 9.7333°E / 51.870; 9.7333
Parent rangeLeine Uplands, Lower Saxon Hills
Geology
Age of rockBunter sandstone
Type of rockSandstone

The Elfas is a range of hills up to 409.6 m above sea level (NN)[1] in the districts of Holzminden and Northeim in Lower Saxony (Germany). Its name is derived from the Lower Saxon word Fast, which means an area of upland that descends on two sides.[2]

Geographical location

[edit]

The Elfas is located in the middle of the Leine Uplands between the Hils to the north, the Homburg Forest to the west, the Hube to the east, the Amtsberge to the south-southwest and the Holzberg to the southwest. It lies not far southwest of Eschershausen and east of Stadtoldendorf; the town of Einbeck is about 12 km southeast of the Elfas. The B 64 federal highway runs past the Elfas to the north linking Eschershausen with Einbeck.

The rounded summits of the Elfas are covered by acidic soil beech forests.

Geology

[edit]

The Elfas is mainly composed of sandstones from the Bunter sandstone period. As the result of a halokinetic process, which had already been concluded in the Palaeogene period, the Elfas fault block migrated in a north-easterly direction towards the Solling, whereby the mountain-building sandstone rode up over a layer of saliniferous rock of the Zechstein. In the course of this process, mainly older rock strata that had hitherto lain underneath, were overthrust. Out of the subsequent erosion processes today's scarpland emerged as the northern boundary of the Einbeck-Markoldendorf Basin.[3]

Geologists in the Weser Uplands also use the terms Elfas Axis (Elfas-Achse) or Elfas Fault (Elfas-Überschiebung) for the regional fault line, as well as the term Elfas Saddle.

Hills

[edit]

The hills in the Elfas include (heights in metres above NN[1]):

  • Helleberg (409.6 m)
  • Ahrensberg (405 m)
  • Kneppelberg (386.0 m)
  • Birkenberg (366.4 m)
  • Vorwohler Berg (360.2 m)
  • Moosberg (344.7 m)
  • Eichholzberg (341.5 m)
  • Döhrenberg (307.1 m)
  • Eimer Berg (ca. 300 m)
  • Kurzeberg (299.0 m)
  • Böhneberg (290.0 m)
  • Heisennacken (267.0 m)

Streams

[edit]

The streams of the Elfas include:

  • Allerbach (eastern tributary of the Bewer)
  • Bewer (northern tributary of the Ilme)
  • Hillebach (northern tributary of the Krummes Wasser)
  • Lenne (passes the Elfas to the west)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation
  2. ^ Georg Schambach: Wörterbuch der niederdeutschen Mundart, 1858, p. 257
  3. ^ Axel Herrmann, Carsten Hinze, Volker Stein: Die halokinetische Deutung der Elfas-Überschiebung im südniedersächsischen Bergland, in: Geologisches Jahrbuch 84, 1967, pp. 407ff.
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