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{{Short description|Emperor of Japan (1139–1155)}}
'''Emperor Konoe''' (近衛天皇 ''Konoe Tennō'') ([[June 16]], [[1139]] – [[August 22]], [[1155]]) was the 76th [[Emperor of Japan|imperial ruler]] of [[Japan]], according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from [[January 5]], [[1142]] to his death on [[August 22]], [[1155]]. His personal name was '''Narihito''' (体仁).
{{confused|Fumimaro Konoe}}
{{Infobox monarch
| name = Emperor Konoe<br>{{nobold|{{lang|ja|近衛天皇}}}}
| succession = [[Emperor of Japan]]
| image = Emperor Konoe by Kōtarō Miyake.jpg
| caption =
| reign = January 5, 1142 – August 22, 1155
| coronation = January 25, 1142
| cor-type = Japan
| predecessor = [[Emperor Sutoku|Sutoku]]
| successor = [[Emperor Go-Shirakawa|Go-Shirakawa]]
| posthumous name = [[Posthumous name#Tsuigō|''Tsuigō'']]:<br/>Emperor Konoe ({{lang|ja|近衛院}} or {{lang|ja|近衛天皇}})
| spouses = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Fujiwara no Tashi]]|1150}}
* {{marriage|[[Fujiwara no Shimeko]]|1150}}}}
| royal house = [[Imperial House of Japan]]
| father = [[Emperor Toba]]
| mother = [[Fujiwara no Nariko]]
| birth_date = June 16, 1139
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age|1155|8|22|1139|6|16}}
| death_place =
| burial_place = [[Anrakuju-in|Anrakuju-in no minami no ''Misasagi'' (Kyoto)]]
|}}
{{nihongo|'''Emperor Konoe'''|{{linktext|近衛|天皇}}|Konoe-[[tennō]]|June 16, 1139 – August 22, 1155}} was the 76th [[emperor]] of [[Japan]],<ref name="kunaicho">[[Imperial Household Agency]] (''Kunaichō''): [http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/ryobo/guide/076/index.html 近衛天皇 (76)]</ref> according to the traditional [[List of Emperors of Japan|order of succession]].<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan,'' pp. 80.</ref>


Konoe's reign spanned the years from 1142 through 1155.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 ''Annales des empereurs du Japon,'' pp. 186–188]; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō,'' pp. 324–326; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 205.</ref>
== Genealogy ==
He was the ninth son of [[Emperor Toba]].


== Life ==
==Genealogy==
Before his ascension to the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]], his personal name (his ''imina'')<ref>Brown, pp. 264. [Up until the time of [[Emperor Jomei]], the personal names of the emperors (their ''imina'') were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.]</ref> was Narihito''-shinnō'' (体仁親王).<ref>Brown, p. 324; Varley, p. 205.</ref> He was also known as Tosihito''-shinnō''.<ref name="t186">Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 186.]</ref>
His father, [[Emperor Toba]], ruled as [[cloistered rule|cloistered emperor]] during his reign.


Emperor Konoe was the eighth son of [[Emperor Toba]].<ref name="t186"/> His mother was [[Fujiwara no Nariko]] (1117–1160), the wife of Emperor Toba. <ref>Kitagawa, H. (1975). ''The Tale of the Heike'', p. 240.</ref>
== [[Japanese era name|Eras]] of his reign ==
* [[Hoen|Hōen]]
* [[Eiji]]
* [[Koji (first)|Kōji]]
* [[Ten'yo|Ten'yō]]
* [[Nimpyo|Nimpyō]]
* [[Kyuju|Kyūju]]


*''Kōgō'': [[Fujiwara no Tashi]] (藤原多子), Tokudaiji Kin'yoshi‘s daughter and [[Fujiwara no Yorinaga]]’s adopted daughter. Later married [[Emperor Nijo]] and become [[Emperor Rokujo]]’s foster mother.
{{japan-bio-stub}}


*''Chūgū'': [[Fujiwara no Shimeko]] (藤原呈子) later Kujō-in (九条院), Fujiwara no Koremichi’s daughter and [[Fujiwara no Tadamichi]]’s adopted daughter.
{{start box}}
{{succession box | before=[[Emperor Sutoku]] | title=[[List of Emperors of Japan|Emperor of Japan]] | after=[[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]] | years=1142-1155}}
{{end box}}


==Events of Konoe's life ==
Konoe was named heir shortly after he was born in 1139; and he was proclaimed emperor at the age of 3.


* '''''[[Eiji]] 1''''', in the 3rd month (1141): The former emperor Toba accepted the tonsure and became a Buddhist monk at the age of 39 years.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 185.]</ref>
[[Category:Japanese emperors|Konoe]]
* '''''Eiji 1''''', on the 7th day of the 12th month (永治元年; 1141): In the 18th year of Sutoku''-tennō'''s reign (崇徳天皇十八年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by a younger brother, the 8th son of former Emperor Toba. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Konoe is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'').<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 186]; Brown, p. 324; Varley, p. 44. [A distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to [[Emperor Tenji]]; and all sovereigns except [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Emperor Yōzei|Yōzei]], [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]], and [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]] have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of Go-Murakami.]</ref>
[[Category:1139 births|Konoe]]
[[Category:1155 deaths|Konoe]]


At that time, the ''[[Kampaku]]'' Fujiwara-no Tadamichi became ''[[Sesshō]]'' or regent. The [[Cloistered Emperor]] [[Emperor Toba|Toba]] continued to direct all the affairs of government, while the retired [[Emperor Sutoku]] had no powers. This conflict resulted in many controversies during Konoe's reign.<ref name="t186"/>
[[de:Konoe]]

[[es:Emperador Konoe]]
* '''''[[Kōji (first)|Kōji]] 2''''', in the 1st month (1143): [[Cloistered Emperor]] [[Emperor Toba|Toba]]-in, now known by the title ''Daijō Hōō'' or ''[[Hōō]]'' (太上法皇), visited his mother.<ref name="t186"/>
[[fr:Konoe (empereur)]]
* '''''Kōji 2''''', in the 5th month (1143): Konoe passed his days praying at [[Tōdai-ji]] and also at the temples on Mount Hiei.<ref name="t186"/>
[[ja:近衛天皇]]
* '''''[[Ten'yō]] gannen''''' or '''''Ten'yō 1''''', in the 7th month (1145): A comet was sighted in the sky; and for this reason, the name of the ''nengō'' was changed to ''Kyūan''.<ref name="t186"/>
[[pt:Imperador Konoe]]
* '''''[[Kyūan]] 1''''', in the 8th month (1145): The mother of former [[Emperor Sutoku]] (also known as ''"Taikenmon-In"'') died.<ref name="t186"/>
[[zh:近衛天皇]]
* '''''Kyūan 2''''', in the 2nd month (1146), Konoe visited Toba-no''-Hōō''.<ref name="t186"/>
* '''''Kyūan 2''''', in the 12th month (1146), Konoe joined in a celebration honoring ''Sesshō'' [[Fujiwara no Tadamichi]] (the regent) on his 58th birthday.<ref name="t186"/> This event was important because, in each [[sexagenary cycle]], the first and the fifty-eighth years were considered to be auspicious according to [[Chinese astrology|Chinese astrological principles]].
* '''''Kyūan 4''''', in the 6th month (1148): The imperial palace was consumed by flames.<ref name="t187">Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 187.]</ref>
* '''''Kyūan 6''''', in the 1st month (1150): Konoe assumed the role of a mature adult; and he married Fujiwara-no Tokoku, who had been raised by ''[[Sadaijin]]'' Yorinaga. Tokoku was the daughter of ''[[Dainagon]]'' Taira-no Kiyomori. This bride became ''Kōkōgō'' (皇皇后) or first empress.<ref name="t187"/>
* '''''Kyūan 6''''', in the 3rd month (1150): Konoe married again, this time to "Feï-si," who had been raised by ''Sesshō'' Fujiwara-no Tadamichi. She was the daughter of ''Dainagon'' Fujiwara-no Koremichi. This bride became ''Chūgū'' (中宮) or second empress. Konoe was so very much enamoured of this second wife that he neglected his first wife, which caused discord in the ''[[kugyō]],'' especially between Tadamichi and Yorinaga.<ref name="t187"/>
* '''''Kyūan 6''''', in the 12th month (1150): ''Sesshō'' Minamoto-no Tadamichi, resigns his position and is named ''[[Daijō Daijin]]''. In this same month, Minamoto-no Yoshikane became head of the [[Ashikaga clan]] in [[Shimotsuke Province]].<ref name="t187"/>
* '''''[[Ninpei]] 1''''', in the 1st month (1151): ''Sadaijin'' Yorinaga was given additional power as ''"Naï-ken,"'' which gave him the duty and opportunity of reading formal written requests before they should be presented to the emperor. This had been amongst the powers of the ''Sesshō'' or the ''Kampaku.'' Factions in the court who favored Yorinaga tended to dislike Tadamichi, and they employed any means possible to help elevate Yorinaga's position. However, Yorinaga himself was generally disliked because of his capricious character. His tactics and strategy for enhancing his own prestige were focused primarily on diminishing Tadamichi's role in the court.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 pp. 187–188.]</ref>
* '''''Ninpei 2''''', on the 7th day of the 3rd month (1152): Konoe visited the home of Toba-no''-Hōō'' to celebrate his father's 50th birthday; and the emperor stayed until the next day, amusing himself with dances and with listening to musical performances.<ref name="t188">Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 188.]</ref>
* '''''Ninpei 3''''', on the 2nd day of the 1st month (1153): Konoe visited his father's home; and in the same month Taira-no Tadamori, the head of the criminal tribunal, died; and this position was soon filed by his son, Taira-no Kiyomori.<ref name="t188"/>
* '''''[[Kyūju]] gannen''''' or '''''Kyūju 1''''', in the 5th month (1154): ''Udaijin'' Minamoto-no Masasada retired from public life to become a priest at age 61. He died several years later.<ref name="t188"/>
* '''''Kyūju gannen''''' or '''''Kyūju 1''''', in the 8th month (1154): Fujiwara-no Saneyoshi, Grand General of the Right, was elevated to the role of Grand General of the Left; and the former ''Dainagon'' Fujiwara-no Kanenaga (aged 17) was elevated to take on the newly vacated role of Grand General of the Right.<ref name="t188"/>
* '''''Kyūju 2''''', on the 23rd day of the 7th month (1155): Emperor Konoe died at the age of 17 years without leaving any heirs.<ref>Brown, pp. 324–325.</ref>
* '''''Kyūju 2''''', on the 24th day of the 7th month (大同元年; 1155): In the 14th year of Konoe''-tennō'''s reign (近衛天皇14年), the emperor died; and despite an ensuring dispute over who should follow him as sovereign, contemporary scholars then construed that the succession (''enso'') was received by a younger brother, the 14th son of former-Emperor Toba. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Go-Shirakawa is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'').<ref>Titsingh, p. 189; Brown, p. 326; Varley, p. 44.</ref>

During Konoe's reign, the Enshō (Superiority of Duration) Temple. After this, successive emperors no longer build Imperial-prayer temples.<ref>Brown, p. 326.</ref>

Emperor Konoe's reign lasted for 13 years: 2 years in the ''nengō'' ''Kōji,'' 1 year in ''Ten'yō,'' 6 years in ''Kyūan, '' 3 years in ''Ninpei,'' and 2 years in ''Kyūju''.<ref name="t188"/>

===''Kugyō''===
''Kugyō'' (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the [[Emperor of Japan]] in pre-[[Meiji period|Meiji]] eras.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Konoe's reign, this apex of the ''[[Daijō-kan]]'' included:
* ''[[Sesshō]]'', Fujiwara Tadamichi, 1099–1164.<ref name="b325">Brown, p. 325.</ref>
* ''[[Daijō-daijin]]'', Sanjō Saneyuki, 1079–1162.<ref name="b325"/>
* ''[[Sadaijin]]'', Fujiwara Yorinaga, 1120–1156.<ref name="b325"/>
* ''[[Sadaijin]]'', Minamoto Arihito, 1103–1147.<ref name="b325"/>
* ''[[Udaijin]]'', Sanjō Saneyuki, 1079–1162.<ref name="b325"/>
* ''[[Udaijin]]'', Minamoto Arihito, 1103–1147.<ref name="b325"/>
* ''[[Nadaijin]]'', Minamoto Arihito, 1103–1147.<ref name="b325"/>

==Eras of Konoe's reign ==
The years of Konoe's reign are more specifically identified by more than one [[Japanese era names|era name]] or ''[[nengō]]''.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 pp. 185–188]; Brown, pp. 325–326.</ref>
* ''[[Kōji (first)|Kōji]]'' (1142–1144)
* ''[[Ten'yō]]'' (1144–1145)
* ''[[Kyūan]]'' (1145–1151)
* ''[[Ninpei]]'' (1151–1154)
* ''[[Kyūju]]'' (1154–1156)

==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|ref=<ref name=descent>{{cite web|url=https://reichsarchiv.jp/%e5%ae%b6%e7%b3%bb%e3%83%aa%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88/%e5%a4%a9%e7%9a%87%e5%ae%b6#emp076|title=Genealogy|website=Reichsarchiv|date=30 April 2010 |access-date=27 October 2018|language=ja}}</ref>
|1= 1. '''Emperor Konoe'''
|2= 2. [[Emperor Toba]] (1103-1156)
|3= 3. [[Fujiwara no Nariko]] (1117-1160)
|4= 4.[[Emperor Horikawa]] (1079-1107)
|5= 5. [[:ja:藤原苡子|Fujiwara no Ishi]] (1076-1103)
|6= 6. [[:ja:藤原長実|Fujiwara no Nagazane]] (1075-1133)
|7= 7. [[:ja:源方子|Minamoto no Masako]] (1066-1152)
|8= 8. [[Emperor Shirakawa]] (1053-1130)
|9= 9. [[Fujiwara no Kenshi (Shirakawa)|Fujiwara no Kenshi]] (1057-1084)
|10=10.[[:ja:藤原実季|Fujiwara no Sanesue]] (1035-1092)
|11=11.Fujiwara no Mutsuko
|12=12. [[Fujiwara no Akisue]] (1055-1123)
|13=13. Fujiwara
|14=14. [[:ja:源俊房|Minamoto no Toshifusa]] (1035-1121)
|15=
}}

==See also==
* [[Emperor of Japan]]
* [[List of Emperors of Japan]]
* [[Imperial cult]]

==Notes==
[[File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg|thumb|right|120px|[[Imperial Seal of Japan|Japanese Imperial kamon]] — a stylized [[chrysanthemum]] blossom]]
{{Reflist|2}}

==References==
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past''.] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323 OCLC 251325323]
* Kitagawa, Hiroshi and Bruce T. Tsuchida, ed. (1975). ''The Tale of the Heike''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. {{ISBN|0-86008-128-1}} [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/164803926 OCLC 164803926]
* [[Richard Ponsonby-Fane|Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon]]. (1959). [https://books.google.com/books?id=SLAeAAAAMAAJ&q=The+Imperial+House+of+Japan ''The Imperial House of Japan''.] Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/194887 OCLC 194887]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac]]. (1834). ''[[Nihon Ōdai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ''Annales des empereurs du Japon''.] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). [https://books.google.com/books?id=tVv6OAAACAAJ ''Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns''.] New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-231-04940-5}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59145842 OCLC 59145842]

{{S-start}}
{{s-reg}}
{{succession box | before=[[Emperor Sutoku]] | title=[[Emperor of Japan]]:<br>Emperor Konoe | after=[[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]] | years=1142–1155}}
{{S-end}}

{{Emperors of Japan}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Konoe}}
[[Category:Emperors of Japan]]
[[Category:1139 births]]
[[Category:1155 deaths]]
[[Category:12th-century Japanese monarchs]]
[[Category:People of Heian-period Japan]]
[[Category:Sons of Japanese emperors]]

Latest revision as of 14:42, 12 July 2024

Not to be confused with Fumimaro Konoe.
Emperor Konoe
近衛天皇
Emperor of Japan
ReignJanuary 5, 1142 – August 22, 1155
EnthronementJanuary 25, 1142
PredecessorSutoku
SuccessorGo-Shirakawa
BornJune 16, 1139
DiedAugust 22, 1155(1155-08-22) (aged 16)
Burial
Anrakuju-in no minami no Misasagi (Kyoto)
Spouses
​
(m. 1150)​
​
(m. 1150)​
Posthumous name
Tsuigō:
Emperor Konoe (近衛院 or 近衛天皇)
HouseImperial House of Japan
FatherEmperor Toba
MotherFujiwara no Nariko

Emperor Konoe (近衛天皇, Konoe-tennō, June 16, 1139 – August 22, 1155) was the 76th emperor of Japan,[1] according to the traditional order of succession.[2]

Konoe's reign spanned the years from 1142 through 1155.[3]

Genealogy

[edit]

Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his imina)[4] was Narihito-shinnō (体仁親王).[5] He was also known as Tosihito-shinnō.[6]

Emperor Konoe was the eighth son of Emperor Toba.[6] His mother was Fujiwara no Nariko (1117–1160), the wife of Emperor Toba. [7]

Events of Konoe's life

[edit]

Konoe was named heir shortly after he was born in 1139; and he was proclaimed emperor at the age of 3.

  • Eiji 1, in the 3rd month (1141): The former emperor Toba accepted the tonsure and became a Buddhist monk at the age of 39 years.[8]
  • Eiji 1, on the 7th day of the 12th month (永治元年; 1141): In the 18th year of Sutoku-tennō's reign (崇徳天皇十八年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by a younger brother, the 8th son of former Emperor Toba. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Konoe is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).[9]

At that time, the Kampaku Fujiwara-no Tadamichi became Sesshō or regent. The Cloistered Emperor Toba continued to direct all the affairs of government, while the retired Emperor Sutoku had no powers. This conflict resulted in many controversies during Konoe's reign.[6]

  • Kōji 2, in the 1st month (1143): Cloistered Emperor Toba-in, now known by the title Daijō Hōō or Hōō (太上法皇), visited his mother.[6]
  • Kōji 2, in the 5th month (1143): Konoe passed his days praying at Tōdai-ji and also at the temples on Mount Hiei.[6]
  • Ten'yō gannen or Ten'yō 1, in the 7th month (1145): A comet was sighted in the sky; and for this reason, the name of the nengō was changed to Kyūan.[6]
  • Kyūan 1, in the 8th month (1145): The mother of former Emperor Sutoku (also known as "Taikenmon-In") died.[6]
  • Kyūan 2, in the 2nd month (1146), Konoe visited Toba-no-Hōō.[6]
  • Kyūan 2, in the 12th month (1146), Konoe joined in a celebration honoring Sesshō Fujiwara no Tadamichi (the regent) on his 58th birthday.[6] This event was important because, in each sexagenary cycle, the first and the fifty-eighth years were considered to be auspicious according to Chinese astrological principles.
  • Kyūan 4, in the 6th month (1148): The imperial palace was consumed by flames.[10]
  • Kyūan 6, in the 1st month (1150): Konoe assumed the role of a mature adult; and he married Fujiwara-no Tokoku, who had been raised by Sadaijin Yorinaga. Tokoku was the daughter of Dainagon Taira-no Kiyomori. This bride became Kōkōgō (皇皇后) or first empress.[10]
  • Kyūan 6, in the 3rd month (1150): Konoe married again, this time to "Feï-si," who had been raised by Sesshō Fujiwara-no Tadamichi. She was the daughter of Dainagon Fujiwara-no Koremichi. This bride became Chūgū (中宮) or second empress. Konoe was so very much enamoured of this second wife that he neglected his first wife, which caused discord in the kugyō, especially between Tadamichi and Yorinaga.[10]
  • Kyūan 6, in the 12th month (1150): Sesshō Minamoto-no Tadamichi, resigns his position and is named Daijō Daijin. In this same month, Minamoto-no Yoshikane became head of the Ashikaga clan in Shimotsuke Province.[10]
  • Ninpei 1, in the 1st month (1151): Sadaijin Yorinaga was given additional power as "Naï-ken," which gave him the duty and opportunity of reading formal written requests before they should be presented to the emperor. This had been amongst the powers of the Sesshō or the Kampaku. Factions in the court who favored Yorinaga tended to dislike Tadamichi, and they employed any means possible to help elevate Yorinaga's position. However, Yorinaga himself was generally disliked because of his capricious character. His tactics and strategy for enhancing his own prestige were focused primarily on diminishing Tadamichi's role in the court.[11]
  • Ninpei 2, on the 7th day of the 3rd month (1152): Konoe visited the home of Toba-no-Hōō to celebrate his father's 50th birthday; and the emperor stayed until the next day, amusing himself with dances and with listening to musical performances.[12]
  • Ninpei 3, on the 2nd day of the 1st month (1153): Konoe visited his father's home; and in the same month Taira-no Tadamori, the head of the criminal tribunal, died; and this position was soon filed by his son, Taira-no Kiyomori.[12]
  • Kyūju gannen or Kyūju 1, in the 5th month (1154): Udaijin Minamoto-no Masasada retired from public life to become a priest at age 61. He died several years later.[12]
  • Kyūju gannen or Kyūju 1, in the 8th month (1154): Fujiwara-no Saneyoshi, Grand General of the Right, was elevated to the role of Grand General of the Left; and the former Dainagon Fujiwara-no Kanenaga (aged 17) was elevated to take on the newly vacated role of Grand General of the Right.[12]
  • Kyūju 2, on the 23rd day of the 7th month (1155): Emperor Konoe died at the age of 17 years without leaving any heirs.[13]
  • Kyūju 2, on the 24th day of the 7th month (大同元年; 1155): In the 14th year of Konoe-tennō's reign (近衛天皇14年), the emperor died; and despite an ensuring dispute over who should follow him as sovereign, contemporary scholars then construed that the succession (enso) was received by a younger brother, the 14th son of former-Emperor Toba. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Go-Shirakawa is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).[14]

During Konoe's reign, the Enshō (Superiority of Duration) Temple. After this, successive emperors no longer build Imperial-prayer temples.[15]

Emperor Konoe's reign lasted for 13 years: 2 years in the nengō Kōji, 1 year in Ten'yō, 6 years in Kyūan, 3 years in Ninpei, and 2 years in Kyūju.[12]

Kugyō

[edit]

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Konoe's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:

Eras of Konoe's reign

[edit]

The years of Konoe's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.[17]

Ancestry

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
Japanese Imperial kamon — a stylized chrysanthemum blossom
  1. ^ Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 近衛天皇 (76)
  2. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, pp. 80.
  3. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 186–188; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 324–326; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 205.
  4. ^ Brown, pp. 264. [Up until the time of Emperor Jomei, the personal names of the emperors (their imina) were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.]
  5. ^ Brown, p. 324; Varley, p. 205.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Titsingh, p. 186.
  7. ^ Kitagawa, H. (1975). The Tale of the Heike, p. 240.
  8. ^ Titsingh, p. 185.
  9. ^ Titsingh, p. 186; Brown, p. 324; Varley, p. 44. [A distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Go-Murakami.]
  10. ^ a b c d Titsingh, p. 187.
  11. ^ Titsingh, pp. 187–188.
  12. ^ a b c d e Titsingh, p. 188.
  13. ^ Brown, pp. 324–325.
  14. ^ Titsingh, p. 189; Brown, p. 326; Varley, p. 44.
  15. ^ Brown, p. 326.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g Brown, p. 325.
  17. ^ Titsingh, pp. 185–188; Brown, pp. 325–326.
  18. ^ "Genealogy". Reichsarchiv (in Japanese). 30 April 2010. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

References

[edit]
Regnal titles
Preceded by Emperor of Japan:
Emperor Konoe
1142–1155 		Succeeded by
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