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{{for|a later party which went by the same name|English Democrats Party}}
{{for|a later party which went by the same name|English Democrats}}
{{refimprove|date=February 2008}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2017}}
⚫
'''English National Party''' has been the name of various political parties of [[England]].
{{Infobox political party
| name = English National Party
| logo =
| colorcode = {{party color|English National Party}}
| leader = [[Frank Hansford-Miller]]
| foundation = 1966
| dissolved = 1981
| position = [[Centre-right]]
| ideology = [[Devolution|English devolution]]
| headquarters =
| country = the United Kingdom
}}

⚫
'''English National Party''' has been the name of various political parties of [[England]], which have commonly called for a separate [[parliament]] for England.


==The original ENP==
==The original ENP==
The '''English National Party''' (ENP) was founded as the '''[[John Hampden]] New Freedom Party''' in the 1960s by [[Frank Hansford-Miller]]. In 1974, it renamed itself the "English Nationalist Party". It achieved its greatest notability in April 1976 when it was joined by the [[Member of Parliament]] [[John Stonehouse]], who had formerly represented the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] and at the time was on remand for [[fraud]]. However, Stonehouse was convicted and left Parliament in August of that year, and the party did not stand a candidate in the subsequent by-election. The party was active until at least 1979, when it stood a candidate in the [[United Kingdom general election, 1979|1979 general election]], but was defunct by 1981, when Hansford-Miller stood for the "Abolition of Rates Coalition". Hansford-Miller later settled in [[Australia]].


===History===
⚫
The party's best known policy was advocating an [[English Parliament]]. Other policies included calling for the abolition of [[income tax]].
The English National Party (ENP) was founded as the '''John Hampden New Freedom Party''' in 1966 by [[Frank Hansford-Miller]]. "[[John Hampden]]" was a reference to a leading [[Roundhead|parliamentarian]] from the [[English Civil War]]. In 1974, it was renamed the "English Nationalist Party".<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kgSJAAAAMAAJ&q=Frank+Hansford-Miller |title=Politico's guide to the history of British political parties |author=David Boothroyd |publisher=[[Politico's]] |date=2001 |page=87}}</ref> It was defunct by 1981;<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eODYFUbjqIcC&pg=PA82 |title=Politipedia |author=Nick Inman |publisher=Harriman House Limited |date=2007 |page=82|isbn=9781905641338 }}</ref> by this time, Hansford-Miller had left,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.johnhampden.org/The%20Patriot/55.pdf |title=Dr Frank Hansford-Miller MSc PhD FRGS FSS |work=The Patriot |date=Summer 2008 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727065731/http://www.johnhampden.org/The%20Patriot/55.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-27 }}</ref> and he campaigned for the "Abolition of Rates Coalition" in the 1981 [[Greater London Council]] elections.<ref name=polgui88>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kgSJAAAAMAAJ&q=Frank+Hansford-Miller |title=Politico's guide to the history of British political parties |author=David Boothroyd |publisher=[[Politico's]] |date=2001 |page=88}}</ref>

⚫
The party's best known policy was advocating a [[devolved English parliament]]. Other policies included calling for the abolition of [[income tax]], and an end to [[local authority housing]]. It was considered to be centre-right, and not racist.<ref name=polgui88 />

===Performance===
The party contested the [[February 1974 United Kingdom general election|first 1974 general election]] as the John Hampden New Freedom Party;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |title=General Election Results 1885-1979 |work=election.demon.co.uk |at=General Election of 28 February 1974 (JHNFP) |access-date=6 July 2017 |archive-date=30 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130011015/http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> it contested the [[October 1974 United Kingdom general election|second 1974]] and the [[1979 United Kingdom general election|1979 general elections]] as the ENP.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |title=General Election Results 1885-1979 |work=election.demon.co.uk |at=General Election of 10 October 1974 & General Election of 3 May 1979 (ENP) |access-date=6 July 2017 |archive-date=30 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130011015/http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Its best performance was at the second 1974 general election, where it fielded two candidates and secured 1,115 votes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |title=General Election Results 1885-1979 |work=election.demon.co.uk |at=General Election of 10 October (ENP) |access-date=6 July 2017 |archive-date=30 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130011015/http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It achieved its greatest notability in April 1976, when it was joined by the [[Member of Parliament]] [[John Stonehouse]], who had formerly represented the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] and at the time was awaiting trial for [[fraud]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8u7obxZ7MawC&pg=PA197 |title=Great Parliamentary Scandals |author1=Matthew Parris |author2=Kevin Maguire |author2-link=Kevin Maguire (journalist) |date=22 July 2004 |publisher=[[Pavilion Books|Robson Bookes]] |page=197|isbn=9781861057365 }}</ref> However, Stonehouse was convicted and left Parliament in August of that year,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/jan/11/criminal-mps-expelled-from-commons |title=Criminal MPs: the five expelled from the Commons in the past 100 years |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=11 January 2011}}</ref> and the party did not stand a candidate in the subsequent by-election.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://by-elections.co.uk/76.html |title=1976 By Election Results |work=by-elections.co.uk |at=Walsall North |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314034528/http://by-elections.co.uk/76.html#walsall |archivedate=2012-03-14 }}</ref>


==Other parties by the name==
==Other parties by the name==
According to the far-right magazine ''[[Spearhead (magazine)|Spearhead]]'',<ref name=culfas>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HIwGCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT69 |title=Cultures of Post-War British Fascism |date=10 April 2015 |editor1=Nigel Copsey |editor2=John E. Richardson |publisher=[[Routledge]] |page=69|isbn=9781317539360 }}</ref> a group called the English National Party was one of the small far-right organisations that joined the [[National Front (UK)|National Front]] shortly after it was formed in 1967.<ref name=culfas /><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AeTpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA189 |title=A History of British Elections Since 1689 |author1=Chris Cook |author2=John Stevenson |publisher=Routledge |date=2014 |page=189|isbn=9781317693017 }}</ref>
There have since been several parties which have adopted the "English National Party" name, some of which have also claimed its heritage. These include a [[far right]] organisation formed by [[Raymond Edwin Shenton]] in 1984, which contested the [[Enfield Southgate by-election, 1984]]; a party founded in 1991 by Christopher Nickerson which has contested a couple of parliamentary elections, and one founded by Robin Tilbrook in 1997, now known as the [[English Democrats]].


There have been several parties which have adopted the "English National Party" name. These include a [[far right]] organisation formed by Raymond Shenton which contested the [[1984 Enfield Southgate by-election]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/by1983.html |title=RESULTS OF BYELECTIONS IN THE 1983-87 PARLIAMENT |work=United Kingdom Election Results |at=ENFIELD, ENFIELD SOUTHGATE [30] |access-date=3 July 2017 |archive-date=5 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405203844/http://www.election.demon.co.uk/by1983.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> a party founded in around 1995 by Christopher Nickerson,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1998/1102/110298.intl.intl.2.html |title=Teatime and Robin Hood: English Identity Crisis |work=[[The Christian Science Monitor]] |date=2 November 1998}}</ref> which aimed for England to secede from the United Kingdom to support a sense of [[English national identity]];<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/325861.stm |title=How English are you? |work=[[BBC News]] |date=22 April 1999}}</ref> and a party founded by [[Robin Tilbrook]] and James Alden in 1999, with the aim of securing a devolved English Parliament,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://englishdemocrats.party/our-party/party-history/ |title=Party History: The History of the English Democrats by Robin Tilbrook |work=[[English Democrats]] |date=2 September 2015}}</ref> which was later renamed the English Democrats Party in 2002, and then just the English Democrats in 2004.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QbkhAQAAIAAJ&q=%22+english+national+party%22 |title=Searchlight, Issues 367-378 |magazine=[[Searchlight (magazine)|Searchlight]] |date=2006}}</ref>
In April 1999, a group calling itself the "English National Party" was one of four different organizations which claimed responsibility for a nail-bomb attack in Brixton. <ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/police-chiefs-reject-combat-18-threat-unlikely-1090261.html Police chiefs reject Combat 18 threat unlikely]. April 29 1999. ''The Independent'' (UK).</ref>


In April 1999, a group calling itself the "English National Party" was one of several different organisations which claimed responsibility for a nail-bomb attack in Brixton.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/police-chiefs-reject-combat-18-threat-unlikely-1090261.html |title=Police chiefs reject Combat 18 threat unlikely |work=[[The Independent]] |date=29 April 1999}}</ref> [[David Copeland]], who admitted to carrying out the bombing, said that the claims of responsibility were made by others to "try to steal his glory."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hopkins|first1=Nick|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/jul/01/uksecurity.sarahhall|title=Festering hate that turned quiet son into a murderer|date=2000-07-01|work=The Guardian|last2=Hall|first2=Sarah|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
Another party registered under the name "English National Party", with leader Robert Williams and other officer Michael Blundell has been registered since September 2002. [http://registers.electoralcommission.org.uk/regulatory-issues/regpoliticalparties.cfm?frmGB=1&frmPartyID=336&frmType=partydetail] It is based in [[Bristol]] and notes it has a membership of "under 100" and has annual income of less than £100.[http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/58278/English-National-Party-Statement-of-Accounts-2007.pdf]. As of 2009 the party remains registered under that name, but it has now become the [[English Democrats Party]].


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
<references />

{{English nationalism}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:English nationalist parties]]
[[Category:English nationalist parties]]
[[Category:Political parties in England]]
[[Category:1960s establishments in England]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in England]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in England]]
[[Category:English nationalism]]
[[Category:English nationalism]]
[[Category:Far-right politics in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Far-right politics in England]]


{{UK-party-stub}}

Latest revision as of 17:59, 28 April 2024

For a later party which went by the same name, see English Democrats.

English National Party
LeaderFrank Hansford-Miller
Founded1966
Dissolved1981
IdeologyEnglish devolution
Political positionCentre-right

English National Party has been the name of various political parties of England, which have commonly called for a separate parliament for England.

The original ENP[edit]

History[edit]

The English National Party (ENP) was founded as the John Hampden New Freedom Party in 1966 by Frank Hansford-Miller. "John Hampden" was a reference to a leading parliamentarian from the English Civil War. In 1974, it was renamed the "English Nationalist Party".[1] It was defunct by 1981;[2] by this time, Hansford-Miller had left,[3] and he campaigned for the "Abolition of Rates Coalition" in the 1981 Greater London Council elections.[4]

The party's best known policy was advocating a devolved English parliament. Other policies included calling for the abolition of income tax, and an end to local authority housing. It was considered to be centre-right, and not racist.[4]

Performance[edit]

The party contested the first 1974 general election as the John Hampden New Freedom Party;[5] it contested the second 1974 and the 1979 general elections as the ENP.[6] Its best performance was at the second 1974 general election, where it fielded two candidates and secured 1,115 votes.[7] It achieved its greatest notability in April 1976, when it was joined by the Member of Parliament John Stonehouse, who had formerly represented the Labour Party and at the time was awaiting trial for fraud.[8] However, Stonehouse was convicted and left Parliament in August of that year,[9] and the party did not stand a candidate in the subsequent by-election.[10]

Other parties by the name[edit]

According to the far-right magazine Spearhead,[11] a group called the English National Party was one of the small far-right organisations that joined the National Front shortly after it was formed in 1967.[11][12]

There have been several parties which have adopted the "English National Party" name. These include a far right organisation formed by Raymond Shenton which contested the 1984 Enfield Southgate by-election;[13] a party founded in around 1995 by Christopher Nickerson,[14] which aimed for England to secede from the United Kingdom to support a sense of English national identity;[15] and a party founded by Robin Tilbrook and James Alden in 1999, with the aim of securing a devolved English Parliament,[16] which was later renamed the English Democrats Party in 2002, and then just the English Democrats in 2004.[17]

In April 1999, a group calling itself the "English National Party" was one of several different organisations which claimed responsibility for a nail-bomb attack in Brixton.[18] David Copeland, who admitted to carrying out the bombing, said that the claims of responsibility were made by others to "try to steal his glory."[19]

References[edit]

  1. ^ David Boothroyd (2001). Politico's guide to the history of British political parties. Politico's. p. 87.
  2. ^ Nick Inman (2007). Politipedia. Harriman House Limited. p. 82. ISBN 9781905641338.
  3. ^ "Dr Frank Hansford-Miller MSc PhD FRGS FSS" (PDF). The Patriot. Summer 2008. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. ^ a b David Boothroyd (2001). Politico's guide to the history of British political parties. Politico's. p. 88.
  5. ^ "General Election Results 1885-1979". election.demon.co.uk. General Election of 28 February 1974 (JHNFP). Archived from the original on 30 January 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  6. ^ "General Election Results 1885-1979". election.demon.co.uk. General Election of 10 October 1974 & General Election of 3 May 1979 (ENP). Archived from the original on 30 January 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  7. ^ "General Election Results 1885-1979". election.demon.co.uk. General Election of 10 October (ENP). Archived from the original on 30 January 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  8. ^ Matthew Parris; Kevin Maguire (22 July 2004). Great Parliamentary Scandals. Robson Bookes. p. 197. ISBN 9781861057365.
  9. ^ "Criminal MPs: the five expelled from the Commons in the past 100 years". The Guardian. 11 January 2011.
  10. ^ "1976 By Election Results". by-elections.co.uk. Walsall North. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012.
  11. ^ a b Nigel Copsey; John E. Richardson, eds. (10 April 2015). Cultures of Post-War British Fascism. Routledge. p. 69. ISBN 9781317539360.
  12. ^ Chris Cook; John Stevenson (2014). A History of British Elections Since 1689. Routledge. p. 189. ISBN 9781317693017.
  13. ^ "RESULTS OF BYELECTIONS IN THE 1983-87 PARLIAMENT". United Kingdom Election Results. ENFIELD, ENFIELD SOUTHGATE [30]. Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
  14. ^ "Teatime and Robin Hood: English Identity Crisis". The Christian Science Monitor. 2 November 1998.
  15. ^ "How English are you?". BBC News. 22 April 1999.
  16. ^ "Party History: The History of the English Democrats by Robin Tilbrook". English Democrats. 2 September 2015.
  17. ^ "Searchlight, Issues 367-378". Searchlight. 2006.
  18. ^ "Police chiefs reject Combat 18 threat unlikely". The Independent. 29 April 1999.
  19. ^ Hopkins, Nick; Hall, Sarah (1 July 2000). "Festering hate that turned quiet son into a murderer". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077.
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