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{{short description|German physicist}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Friedrich Paschen
| name = Friedrich Paschen
| image = Friedrich Paschen Physiker.jpg
| image = Friedrich Paschen Physiker.jpg
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1865|1|22|mf=yes}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1865|1|22|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Schwerin]]
| birth_place = [[Schwerin]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1947|2|25|1865|1|22|mf=yes}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1947|2|25|1865|1|22|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Potsdam]]
| death_place = [[Potsdam]]
| known_for = [[Zeeman_effect#Strong_field_(Paschen–Back_effect)|Paschen–Back effect]]<br>[[Hydrogen_spectral_series#Paschen_series_(Bohr_series,_n′_=_3)|Paschen series]]<br>[[Paschen's law]]
| awards = [[Rumford Medal]] {{small|(1928)}}
}}
}}
'''Louis Karl Heinrich Friedrich Paschen''' (January 22, 1865 - February 25, 1947), was a [[Germany|German]] [[physicist]], known for his work on electrical discharges. He is also known for the [[Paschen series]], a series of hydrogen spectral lines in the infrared region that he first observed in 1908. He established the now widely used [[Paschen curve]] in his article ''"Über die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drücken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz"''.<ref>{{cite journal
'''Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich Paschen''' (22 January 1865 - 25 February 1947), was a German [[physicist]], known for his work on electrical discharges. He is also known for the [[Paschen series]], a series of hydrogen spectral lines in the infrared region that he first observed in 1908. He established the now widely used [[Paschen curve]] in his article ''"Über die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drücken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz"''.<ref>{{cite journal
| title = Ueber die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drucken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz
| title = Ueber die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drucken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz
| author = Friedrich Paschen
| author = Friedrich Paschen
Line 16: Line 19:
| year = 1889
| year = 1889
| url =
| url =
| doi = 10.1002/andp.18892730505|bibcode = 1889AnP...273...69P }}</ref>
| doi = 10.1002/andp.18892730505|bibcode = 1889AnP...273...69P | hdl = 2027/uc1.$b624756
| hdl-access = free
}}</ref> He is known for the [[Paschen-Back effect]], which is the [[Zeeman effect]]'s becoming non-linear at high magnetic field. He helped explain the [[hollow cathode effect]] in 1916.<ref name="Paschen1916">{{cite journal|last1=Paschen|first1=F.|title=Bohrs Heliumlinien|journal=Annalen der Physik|volume=355|issue=16|year=1916|pages=901–940|issn=0003-3804|doi=10.1002/andp.19163551603|bibcode=1916AnP...355..901P|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1447321}}</ref>


==Life==
==Life==
Paschen was born in [[Schwerin]], [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]. From 1884 to 1888 he studied at the universities of [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin]] and [[University of Strasbourg|Strassburg]], after which he became an assistant at the [[Academy of Münster]]. He became a professor at the [[University of Hanover|Technical Academy of Hanover]] in 1893 and professor of physics at the [[University of Tübingen]] in 1901. He served as president of the [[Physikalisch-Technischen Reichsanstalt]] from 1924–33 and an honorary professor of the University of Berlin in 1925. He taught there until his death in [[Potsdam]] in 1947.
Paschen was born in [[Schwerin]], [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]. From 1884 to 1888 he studied at the universities of [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin]] and [[University of Strasbourg|Strassburg]], after which he became an assistant at the [[Academy of Münster]]. He became a professor at the [[Leibniz University Hannover|Technical Academy of Hannover]] in 1893 and professor of physics at the [[University of Tübingen]] in 1901. He served as president of the [[Physikalisch-Technischen Reichsanstalt]] from 1924–33 and an honorary professor of the University of Berlin in 1925.

During the second world war he had the Chinese scientist [[He Zehui]] to stay at his house and she became like a daughter to him. With his help she was introduced to [[Walther Bothe]] who led the [[Kaiser Wilhelm Institute]] in Heidelberg.<ref>[http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/47833 Zehui He: following a different road], Cern Courier, 2011, retrieved February 2015</ref>
Paul Forman has written a more extensive account of Paschen's life for the ''Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography''.<ref>Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 20 Aug. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com></ref>

Paschen taught in Berlin until his death in [[Potsdam]] in 1947. He is buried at the [[Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/paschen-louis-carl-heinrich-friedrich|title=Paschen, Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich. Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 2008.|publisher=Encyclopedia.com|accessdate=21 May 2018}} <http://www.encyclopedia.com></ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Term_symbol#Racah_notation_and_Paschen_notation|Paschen notation]]
* [[Paschen's Law]]
* [[Townsend discharge]]
* [[Townsend discharge]]

== External links ==
* {{FamilySearch|id=97D4-6L2|title=Louis Carl Heinrich Paschen}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Authority control|VIAF=30335132}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Paschen, Friedrich
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = January 22, 1865
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Schwerin
| DATE OF DEATH = February 25, 1947
| PLACE OF DEATH =Potsdam
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Paschen, Friedrich}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Paschen, Friedrich}}
[[Category:1865 births]]
[[Category:1865 births]]
[[Category:1947 deaths]]
[[Category:1947 deaths]]
[[Category:German physicists]]
[[Category:Burials at Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery]]
[[Category:19th-century German physicists]]
[[Category:People from Schwerin]]
[[Category:People from Schwerin]]
[[Category:People from the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
[[Category:People from the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin]]
[[Category:University of Strasbourg alumni]]
[[Category:University of Strasbourg alumni]]
[[Category:University of Münster faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Münster]]
[[Category:University of Hanover faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Hanover]]
[[Category:University of Tübingen faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Tübingen]]
[[Category:Honorary Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Honorary Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1917–1925)]]
[[Category:20th-century German physicists]]


{{Germany-physicist-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:38, 16 November 2023

Friedrich Paschen
Born(1865-01-22)22 January 1865
Schwerin
Died25 February 1947(1947-02-25) (aged 82)
Potsdam
Known forPaschen–Back effect
Paschen series
Paschen's law
AwardsRumford Medal (1928)

Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich Paschen (22 January 1865 - 25 February 1947), was a German physicist, known for his work on electrical discharges. He is also known for the Paschen series, a series of hydrogen spectral lines in the infrared region that he first observed in 1908. He established the now widely used Paschen curve in his article "Über die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drücken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz".[1] He is known for the Paschen-Back effect, which is the Zeeman effect's becoming non-linear at high magnetic field. He helped explain the hollow cathode effect in 1916.[2]

Life

[edit]

Paschen was born in Schwerin, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. From 1884 to 1888 he studied at the universities of Berlin and Strassburg, after which he became an assistant at the Academy of Münster. He became a professor at the Technical Academy of Hannover in 1893 and professor of physics at the University of Tübingen in 1901. He served as president of the Physikalisch-Technischen Reichsanstalt from 1924–33 and an honorary professor of the University of Berlin in 1925.

During the second world war he had the Chinese scientist He Zehui to stay at his house and she became like a daughter to him. With his help she was introduced to Walther Bothe who led the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Heidelberg.[3]

Paschen taught in Berlin until his death in Potsdam in 1947. He is buried at the Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery.[4]

See also

[edit]
[edit]
  • "Louis Carl Heinrich Paschen", FamilySearch

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Friedrich Paschen (1889). "Ueber die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drucken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz". Annalen der Physik. 273 (5): 69–75. Bibcode:1889AnP...273...69P. doi:10.1002/andp.18892730505. hdl:2027/uc1.$b624756.
  2. ^ Paschen, F. (1916). "Bohrs Heliumlinien". Annalen der Physik. 355 (16): 901–940. Bibcode:1916AnP...355..901P. doi:10.1002/andp.19163551603. ISSN 0003-3804.
  3. ^ Zehui He: following a different road, Cern Courier, 2011, retrieved February 2015
  4. ^ "Paschen, Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich. Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 2008". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 21 May 2018. <http://www.encyclopedia.com>
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