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* U.K. English [[spring greens]]
* U.K. English [[spring greens]]
* decorative kale,<ref>Henry Homeyer: the Gardening Guy http://www.gardening-guy.com/tag/decorative-kale/</ref> ornamental kale,<ref>Walter Reeves,com The Georgia Gardener http://www.walterreeves.com/landscaping/ornamental-kaleornamental-cabbage/</ref> flowering kale,<ref>Better Homes & Gardens http://www.bhg.com/gardening/plant-dictionary/annual/flowering-kale/</ref> flowering cabbage,<ref>Garden Guides.com http://www.gardenguides.com/70082-flowering-cabbage-plants.html</ref> or ornamental cabbage<ref>Gardeners' World.com http://www.gardenersworld.com/blogs/plants/the-ornamental-cabbage/2897.html</ref>
* decorative kale,<ref>Henry Homeyer: the Gardening Guy http://www.gardening-guy.com/tag/decorative-kale/</ref> ornamental kale,<ref>Walter Reeves,com The Georgia Gardener http://www.walterreeves.com/landscaping/ornamental-kaleornamental-cabbage/</ref> flowering kale,<ref>Better Homes & Gardens http://www.bhg.com/gardening/plant-dictionary/annual/flowering-kale/</ref> flowering cabbage,<ref>Garden Guides.com http://www.gardenguides.com/70082-flowering-cabbage-plants.html</ref> or ornamental cabbage<ref>Gardeners' World.com http://www.gardenersworld.com/blogs/plants/the-ornamental-cabbage/2897.html</ref>
* giant Jersey cabbage,<ref>BBC History Domesday http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/CI-554000-5452000/page/7 This page misspells "oleracea".</ref> long jack,<ref>BBC History Domesday http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/CI-554000-5452000/page/7 This page misspells "oleracea".</ref> walking-stick cabbage,<ref>Thompson & Morgan http://www.thompson-morgan.com/vegetables/vegetable-seeds/brassica-and-leafy-green-seeds/kale-walking-stick/779TM</ref> cow cabbage,<ref>Jersey Evening Post. (2004) "Giant cabbage" http://jerseyeveningpost.com/island-life/history-heritage/giant-cabbage/. Online.</ref> Jérriais ''lé grand chour à vaque'' [i.e., big cabbage for cows],<ref>Andrew, A.J. (2014) SFPages : Home Guide : How to grow giant walking stick cabbages. http://homeguides.sfgate.com/grow-giant-walking-stick-cabbage-76144.html. Online. Accessed: 2014-11-26 For spelling of "chour", and "vaque" cf. ''''Dictionnaithe Jerriais-Angliais: Jerriais-English dictionary''''. Jersey : Société Jersiaise 2005.</ref> Jérriais ''lé chour'' [i.e., cabbage],<ref>FREELANG Jérriais to English dictionary http://www.freelang.net/online/jerriais.php?lg=gb</ref> [[tree cabbage]],<ref>The Cottage Smallholder http://www.cottagesmallholder.com/perennial-vegetables-tree-cabbage-7321/</ref> or Jersey kale,<ref>Chiltern Seeds http://www.chilternseeds.co.uk/item_1360c_jersey_kale_or_walking_stick_cabbage_seeds</ref> or ''Brassica oleracea longata''<ref>Torpey, Jodi (2014) Walking stick kale really works. In "Vegetable Gardener" http://www.vegetablegardener.com/item/12690/walking-stick-kale-really-works</ref> The long woody stems are used for walking-sticks and the foliage for cow-fodder.<ref>Mabberley, q.v.</ref>
* giant Jersey cabbage,<ref>BBC History Domesday http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/CI-554000-5452000/page/7 This page misspells "oleracea".</ref> long jack,<ref>BBC History Domesday http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/CI-554000-5452000/page/7 This page misspells "oleracea".</ref> walking-stick cabbage,<ref>Thompson & Morgan http://www.thompson-morgan.com/vegetables/vegetable-seeds/brassica-and-leafy-green-seeds/kale-walking-stick/779TM</ref> cow cabbage,<ref>Jersey Evening Post. (2004) "Giant cabbage" http://jerseyeveningpost.com/island-life/history-heritage/giant-cabbage/. Online.</ref> Jérriais ''lé grand chour à vaque'' [i.e., big cabbage for cows],<ref>Andrew, A.J. (2014) SFPages : Home Guide : How to grow giant walking stick cabbages. http://homeguides.sfgate.com/grow-giant-walking-stick-cabbage-76144.html. Online. Accessed: 2014-11-26 For spelling of "chour", and "vaque" cf. ''Dictionnaithe Jerriais-Angliais: Jerriais-English dictionary''. Jersey : Société Jersiaise 2005.</ref> Jérriais ''lé chour'' [i.e., cabbage],<ref>FREELANG Jérriais to English dictionary http://www.freelang.net/online/jerriais.php?lg=gb</ref> [[tree cabbage]],<ref>The Cottage Smallholder http://www.cottagesmallholder.com/perennial-vegetables-tree-cabbage-7321/</ref> or Jersey kale,<ref>Chiltern Seeds http://www.chilternseeds.co.uk/item_1360c_jersey_kale_or_walking_stick_cabbage_seeds</ref> or ''Brassica oleracea longata''<ref>Torpey, Jodi (2014) Walking stick kale really works. In "Vegetable Gardener" http://www.vegetablegardener.com/item/12690/walking-stick-kale-really-works</ref> The long woody stems are used for walking-sticks and the foliage for cow-fodder.<ref>Mabberley, D. (1997) ''Mabberley's plant-book : A portable dicitonary of plants, their classification and uses''. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref>
* Scotch kale<ref>Oxford Dictionaries : Language matters http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Scotch-kale</ref>
* Scotch kale<ref>Oxford Dictionaries : Language matters http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Scotch-kale</ref>


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Each cultivar has a different genome owing to mutation,<ref>https://www.bio.cmu.edu/. Courses: "Genome evolution and mutation". Web. Accessed: 2014-11-25.</ref> evolution, the ecological niche,<ref>Coupling Genetic and Ecological-Niche Models to Examine How Past Population Distributions Contribute to Divergence. Current Biology. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982207012742</ref> and intentional plant-breeding by man.
Each cultivar has a different genome owing to mutation,<ref>https://www.bio.cmu.edu/. Courses: "Genome evolution and mutation". Web. Accessed: 2014-11-25.</ref> evolution, the ecological niche,<ref>Coupling Genetic and Ecological-Niche Models to Examine How Past Population Distributions Contribute to Divergence. Current Biology. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982207012742</ref> and intentional plant-breeding by man.


Mabberley (1997, p.120) has the Acephala group in three sub-groups: kale, borecole, and collards.<ref>Mabberley, D. (1997) ''Mabberley's plant-book : A portable dicitonary of plants, their classification and uses''. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref>
Mabberley (1997, p.120) has the Acephala group in three sub-groups: kale, borecole, and collards.<ref>Mabberley, q.v.</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 22:17, 1 December 2014

Groups of species in the genus Brassica Napobrassica Group / Pabularia Group / Acephala Group / Alboglabra Group / Botrytis Group / Capitata Group / Gemmifera Group / Gongylodes Group / Italica Group / Tronchuda Group / Chinensis Group / Japonica Group / Pekinensis Group / Perviridis Group / Rapifera Group

The Acephala group of cultivars or variety for the species Brassica oleracea includes:[1]

The Acephala means "no head"[19] as the plants have leaves with no central head; the opposite arrangement of white cabbage, or Savoy cabbage.

Each cultivar has a different genome owing to mutation,[20] evolution, the ecological niche,[21] and intentional plant-breeding by man.

Mabberley (1997, p.120) has the Acephala group in three sub-groups: kale, borecole, and collards.[22]

References

  1. ^ RHS Plant Finder. Web. https://www.rhs.org.uk Accessed: 2014-11-25.
  2. ^ (Quote.) "Originally, a general name for any plant of the cabbage kind, genus Brassica (of which the varieties were formerly less distinct than now)." ("colewort, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web. 26 November 2014.)
  3. ^ Henry Homeyer: the Gardening Guy http://www.gardening-guy.com/tag/decorative-kale/
  4. ^ Walter Reeves,com The Georgia Gardener http://www.walterreeves.com/landscaping/ornamental-kaleornamental-cabbage/
  5. ^ Better Homes & Gardens http://www.bhg.com/gardening/plant-dictionary/annual/flowering-kale/
  6. ^ Garden Guides.com http://www.gardenguides.com/70082-flowering-cabbage-plants.html
  7. ^ Gardeners' World.com http://www.gardenersworld.com/blogs/plants/the-ornamental-cabbage/2897.html
  8. ^ BBC History Domesday http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/CI-554000-5452000/page/7 This page misspells "oleracea".
  9. ^ BBC History Domesday http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/CI-554000-5452000/page/7 This page misspells "oleracea".
  10. ^ Thompson & Morgan http://www.thompson-morgan.com/vegetables/vegetable-seeds/brassica-and-leafy-green-seeds/kale-walking-stick/779TM
  11. ^ Jersey Evening Post. (2004) "Giant cabbage" http://jerseyeveningpost.com/island-life/history-heritage/giant-cabbage/. Online.
  12. ^ Andrew, A.J. (2014) SFPages : Home Guide : How to grow giant walking stick cabbages. http://homeguides.sfgate.com/grow-giant-walking-stick-cabbage-76144.html. Online. Accessed: 2014-11-26 For spelling of "chour", and "vaque" cf. Dictionnaithe Jerriais-Angliais: Jerriais-English dictionary. Jersey : Société Jersiaise 2005.
  13. ^ FREELANG Jérriais to English dictionary http://www.freelang.net/online/jerriais.php?lg=gb
  14. ^ The Cottage Smallholder http://www.cottagesmallholder.com/perennial-vegetables-tree-cabbage-7321/
  15. ^ Chiltern Seeds http://www.chilternseeds.co.uk/item_1360c_jersey_kale_or_walking_stick_cabbage_seeds
  16. ^ Torpey, Jodi (2014) Walking stick kale really works. In "Vegetable Gardener" http://www.vegetablegardener.com/item/12690/walking-stick-kale-really-works
  17. ^ Mabberley, D. (1997) Mabberley's plant-book : A portable dicitonary of plants, their classification and uses. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  18. ^ Oxford Dictionaries : Language matters http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Scotch-kale
  19. ^ Merriam-Webster http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/acephala
  20. ^ https://www.bio.cmu.edu/. Courses: "Genome evolution and mutation". Web. Accessed: 2014-11-25.
  21. ^ Coupling Genetic and Ecological-Niche Models to Examine How Past Population Distributions Contribute to Divergence. Current Biology. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982207012742
  22. ^ Mabberley, q.v.
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