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{{Short description|Species of maple}}
{{italictitle}}
{{Speciesbox
{{taxobox
|image = Hornbeam Maple Acer carpinifolium Tree 3264px.jpg
|image = Hornbeam Maple Acer carpinifolium Tree 3264px.jpg
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=Harvey-Brown, Y. |year=2020 |title=''Acer carpinifolium'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T193530A2242223 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T193530A2242223.en |access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref>
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
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|genus = Acer
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|parent = Acer sect. indivisa
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
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|species = carpinifolium
|ordo = [[Sapindales]]
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|authority = [[Philipp Franz von Siebold|Siebold]] & [[Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini|Zucc.]] 1845
|familia = [[Sapindaceae]]<ref>Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June 2008 [and more or less continuously updated since]. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/.</ref>
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}}
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|genus = ''[[Maple|Acer]]''
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|species = '''''A. carpinifolium'''''
|binomial = ''Acer carpinifolium''
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|binomial_authority = [[Philipp Franz von Siebold|Siebold]] & [[Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini|Zucc.]] 1845
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|}}
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'''''Acer carpinifolium''''' ('''Hornbeam Maple'''; [[Japanese language|Japanese]]: チドリノキ ''Chidorinoki'' "zigzag tree") is a species of [[maple]] native to [[Japan]], on the islands of [[Honshū]], [[Kyūshū]], and [[Shikoku]], where it grows in woodlands and alongside streams in mountainous areas.<ref name=rokko>Rokko mountain chain guide of trees: [http://shinrin.cool.ne.jp/sub283.html ''Acer carpinifolium''] (in Japanese; [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=http://shinrin.cool.ne.jp/sub283.html&sa=X&oi=translate google translation])</ref><ref name=toj>Trees of Japan: [http://www005.upp.so-net.ne.jp/goostake/GOO/XCHIDORI.HTM ''Acer carpinifolium'']</ref>


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'''''Acer carpinifolium''''' ('''hornbeam maple'''; [[Japanese language|Japanese]]: チドリノキ ''Chidorinoki'' "zigzag tree") is a species of [[maple]] native to [[Japan]], on the islands of [[Honshū]], [[Kyūshū]], and [[Shikoku]], where it grows in woodlands and alongside streams in mountainous areas.<ref name=rokko>Rokko mountain chain guide of trees: [http://shinrin.cool.ne.jp/sub283.html ''Acer carpinifolium''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060625025135/http://shinrin.cool.ne.jp/sub283.html |date=2006-06-25 }} (in Japanese; [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=http://shinrin.cool.ne.jp/sub283.html&sa=X&oi=translate google translation])</ref><ref name=toj>Trees of Japan: [http://www005.upp.so-net.ne.jp/goostake/GOO/XCHIDORI.HTM ''Acer carpinifolium''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518145307/http://www005.upp.so-net.ne.jp/goostake/GOO/XCHIDORI.HTM |date=2011-05-18 }}</ref>
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It is a small [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 10–15 m tall, with smooth, dark greenish-grey to grey-brown bark. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 7–15 cm long and 3–6 cm broad, simple, unlobed, and pinnately veined with 18–24 pairs of veins and a serrated margin. They resemble leaves of [[hornbeam]]s more than they do other maples, except for being arranged in opposite pairs, and in the very small basal pair of veins being palmately arranged as in other maples. The [[flower]]s are 1 cm diameter, greenish yellow, produced in pendulous [[raceme]]s 5–12 cm long in spring as the new leaves open; they are [[plant sexuality|dioecious]], with male and female flowers on separate trees. The [[fruit]] is a [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] of two seeds each with a 2–3 cm long wing.<ref name=rokko/><ref name=toj/><ref name=boroboro>Boroboro Flower Book: [http://boroboro.seesaa.net/archives/20051201.html ''Acer carpinifolium''] (in Japanese; [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=http://boroboro.seesaa.net/archives/20051201.html&sa=X&oi=translate google translation])</ref><ref name=rushforth>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.</ref>

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It is a small [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 10–15 m tall, with smooth, dark greenish-grey to grey-brown bark. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 7–15&nbsp;cm long and 3–6&nbsp;cm broad, simple, unlobed, and pinnately veined with 18–24 pairs of veins and a serrated margin. They resemble leaves of [[hornbeam]]s more than they do other maples, except for being arranged in opposite pairs, and in the very small basal pair of veins being palmately arranged as in other maples. The [[flower]]s are 1&nbsp;cm diameter, greenish yellow, produced in pendulous [[raceme]]s 5–12&nbsp;cm long in spring as the new leaves open; they are [[plant sexuality|dioecious]], with male and female flowers on separate trees. The [[fruit]] is a [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] of two seeds each with a 2–3&nbsp;cm long wing.<ref name=rokko/><ref name=toj/><ref name=boroboro>Boroboro Flower Book: [http://boroboro.seesaa.net/archives/20051201.html ''Acer carpinifolium''] (in Japanese; [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=http://boroboro.seesaa.net/archives/20051201.html&sa=X&oi=translate google translation])</ref><ref name=rushforth>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins {{ISBN|0-00-220013-9}}.</ref>


It is occasionally cultivated as an [[ornamental plant]] in temperate regions, mainly as a botanical curiosity to demonstrate the wide range of leaf morphology in the genus ''Acer'', but also for its bright yellow autumn colour. Both the scientific and common names derive from the superficial resemblance of its leaves to those of the genus ''[[Carpinus]]'' (hornbeams).<ref name=rushforth/>
It is occasionally cultivated as an [[ornamental plant]] in temperate regions, mainly as a botanical curiosity to demonstrate the wide range of leaf morphology in the genus ''Acer'', but also for its bright yellow autumn colour. Both the scientific and common names derive from the superficial resemblance of its leaves to those of the genus ''[[Carpinus]]'' (hornbeams).<ref name=rushforth/>


==See also==
==Gallery==
* [[Hornbeam]], for the genus ''Carpinus'' found in Europe and eastern North America

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==References==
{{reflist}}
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Hornbeam Maple Acer carpinifolium Leaves 3000px.jpg|Foliage
Image:Hornbeam Maple Acer carpinifolium Leaves 3000px.jpg|Foliage
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Image:Hornbeam Maple Acer carpinifolium Leaf 3000px.jpg|Leaves
Image:Hornbeam Maple Acer carpinifolium Leaf 3000px.jpg|Leaves
</gallery>
</gallery>

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==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{commons|Acer carpinifolium}}
* [http://www.cirrusimage.com/tree_maple_hornbeam.htm Hornbeam Maple] Large Format Diagnostic Photos, [[Morton Arboretum]] acc.1-61-4
* [http://www.cirrusimage.com/tree_maple_hornbeam.htm Hornbeam Maple] Large Format Diagnostic Photos, [[Morton Arboretum]] acc.1-61-4


{{Taxonbar|from=Q284462}}
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[[Category:Acer|carpinifolium]]

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[[Category:Plants described in 1845]]
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[[Category:Maple|carpinifolium]]
[[Category:Trees of Japan]]
[[Category:Trees of Japan]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Japan]]
[[Category:Dioecious plants]]
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[[Category:Plants described in 1845]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Philipp Franz von Siebold]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini]]

Latest revision as of 21:40, 27 July 2023

Acer carpinifolium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Sapindaceae
Genus: Acer
Section: Acer sect. indivisa
Species:
A. carpinifolium
Binomial name
Acer carpinifolium
Siebold & Zucc. 1845

Acer carpinifolium (hornbeam maple; Japanese: チドリノキ Chidorinoki "zigzag tree") is a species of maple native to Japan, on the islands of Honshū, Kyūshū, and Shikoku, where it grows in woodlands and alongside streams in mountainous areas.[2][3]

It is a small deciduous tree growing to 10–15 m tall, with smooth, dark greenish-grey to grey-brown bark. The leaves are 7–15 cm long and 3–6 cm broad, simple, unlobed, and pinnately veined with 18–24 pairs of veins and a serrated margin. They resemble leaves of hornbeams more than they do other maples, except for being arranged in opposite pairs, and in the very small basal pair of veins being palmately arranged as in other maples. The flowers are 1 cm diameter, greenish yellow, produced in pendulous racemes 5–12 cm long in spring as the new leaves open; they are dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate trees. The fruit is a samara of two seeds each with a 2–3 cm long wing.[2][3][4][5]

It is occasionally cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, mainly as a botanical curiosity to demonstrate the wide range of leaf morphology in the genus Acer, but also for its bright yellow autumn colour. Both the scientific and common names derive from the superficial resemblance of its leaves to those of the genus Carpinus (hornbeams).[5]

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ Harvey-Brown, Y. (2020). "Acer carpinifolium". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T193530A2242223. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T193530A2242223.en. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  2. ^ a b Rokko mountain chain guide of trees: Acer carpinifolium Archived 2006-06-25 at the Wayback Machine (in Japanese; google translation)
  3. ^ a b Trees of Japan: Acer carpinifolium Archived 2011-05-18 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Boroboro Flower Book: Acer carpinifolium (in Japanese; google translation)
  5. ^ a b Rushforth, K. (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
[edit]
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