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{{short description|Last stand of the Maratha rearguard against the Adil Shahi forces following the Siege of Panhala}} |
{{short description|Last stand of the Maratha rearguard against the Adil Shahi forces following the Siege of Panhala}} |
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{{pp-semi-indef}}{{Multiple issues|{{Cleanup|reason=improper grammar/spelling|date=August 2023}} |
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{{Copy edit|for=proper [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|manual of style]]|date=August 2023}} |
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{{Unreliable sources|date=August 2023}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
{{Infobox military conflict |
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| conflict |
| conflict = Battle of Päwan Khind |
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| width = |
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| partof = |
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| partof = [[Battles involving the Maratha Empire]] |
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| image = |
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| image = Shivaji Maharaj and Baji Prabhu at Pawan Khind.jpg |
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| caption = |
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| caption = A 20th century depiction by painter [[M.V. Dhurandhar]] of [[Shivaji]] and [[Bajiprabhu|Baji Prabhu]] at Pawan Khind |
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| date |
| date = 13 July 1660 |
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| place |
| place = Pavan Khind, [[Vishalgad]], [[Maharashtra]], India |
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| coordinates = |
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| territory |
| territory = |
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| result |
| result = Inconclusive |
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| combatants_header = |
| combatants_header = |
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| combatant1 |
| combatant1 = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|25px]] [[Maratha Army]] |
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| combatant2 |
| combatant2 = [[Bijapur Sultanate]] |
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| commander1 |
| commander1 = [[Bajiprabhu|Baji Prabhu Deshpande]]{{KIA}}<br />Fulaji Prabhu Deshpande{{KIA}}<br />Rayaji Bandal {{KIA}}<br />Shambu Singh Jadhav{{KIA}} |
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| commander2 |
| commander2 = [[Siddi Masud]]<br>Siddi Jauhar |
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The '''Battle of |
The '''Battle of Pavan Khind''' ({{IPAc-en|p|aː|v|ʌ|n|x|ɪ|n|d|audio=Paawankhind.ogg}} {{Respell|PAAVANKHIND}}); was a rearguard [[last stand]] that took place on 13 July 1660, at a mountain pass in the vicinity of fort [[Vishalgad]], near the city of [[Kolhapur]] by the [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] general [[Baji Prabhu Deshpande]] and Shambhu Singh Jadhav against [[Siddi Masud]] of the [[Bijapur Sultanate]]. The engagement ended with the destruction of the Maratha forces, and a tactical victory for the Bijapur Sultanate that failed to achieve a strategic victory.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} |
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[[File:Baji Prabhu Deshpande Statue in Panhala Fort.jpg|thumb|Baji Prabhu Deshpande Statue in Panhala Fort]] |
[[File:Baji Prabhu Deshpande Statue in Panhala Fort.jpg|thumb|Baji Prabhu Deshpande Statue in Panhala Fort]] |
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==Battle== |
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{{Story|section|date=February 2020}} |
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Baji Prabhu occupied Ghod Khind, blocking the path of the Adilshahi troops. His brother Fulaji Prabhu and sardars such as Shambusing Jadhav were present with him. Fulaji Prabhu and Shambusing were killed after a gallant and fierce fight. Baji Prabhu was severely wounded but carried on fighting at his station. The Adilshahi army tried to break through the pass defenses, but were repeatedly repulsed. The unequal battle raged for hours, with the defenders maintaining their positions but with rapidly depleting numbers. Only a handful of Marathas survived, and around a thousand soldiers of the Adilshahi army became casualties in attempting to take the pass. |
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Five hours after the battle started, the cannon fire announcing Shivaji’s safe return to Vishalgad was heard. Almost three hundred Marathas had been killed. Legend has it that a gravely injured Baji Prabhu continued engaging the enemy and held the pass, only laying down his life once he heard the sound of cannon fire. The handful of surviving Marathas then retreated and disappeared into the forest as planned. |
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Shivaji and his 300 soldiers had to break through the encirclement of Suryarao and Jaswantrao at Vishalgadh. A fierce battle ensued in which Shivaji himself fought wearing [[Pata (sword)|Dandpatta]] in both hands. Realising the fight was tough, the commander of Vishalgadh fort sent reinforcements to Shivaji, enabling him and his troops to reach the fort safely. Shivaji then fired cannons as a signal for Baji Prabhu to retreat.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sawant|first=Indrajit|title=Parnalparvat Panhalgad}}</ref><ref>(Tarikh-i-Ali Adil Shah II by Sayyid Nurullah, 82-93; Basitin-i-Salatin by Md. Ibrahim Al Zubairi, 353-357; Factory Records Rajapur, Kolhapur to Surat, at the India Office Manuscripts, dated 5 June. 1660. Chitragupta Bakhar 64; Shiva Digvijay 175-176; Tarikh-i-Shivaji at the India Office Persian manucripts I8b-19a.) Cited by Sir [[Jadunath Sarkar]] in Shivaji and His Times</ref><ref>[Chitragupta Bakhar. 64-65; Shiva Digvijay 182-185; Tarikh-i-Shivaji at the India Office Perisan Manuscripts S. 19a & b; the name of Siddi Aziz is given by Duff (i. 181) only, while T. S. reads Siddi Halal. The Persian works are silent about this retreat. Vishalgarh is 27 miles from Panhala via Malkapur. (Indian Atlas by the Survey of India 40 S. W.)]" Cited by Sir Jadunath Sarkar in Shivaji and His Times</ref> |
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==Aftermath== |
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[[File:Pawan khind (2065411349).jpg|right|thumb|Pavan Khind today]] |
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The pass, Ghod Khind (Horse Pass) was renamed Pavan Khind (Sacred Pass) in honour of the sacrifice of 300 Maratha troops which let the rest of Shivaji's army escape. |
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* The battle was depicted in episodes of [[Raja Shivchatrapati]] |
* The battle was depicted in episodes of ''[[Raja Shivchatrapati]]'' |
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* In 2022, a Marathi-language film depicting the battle |
* In 2022, a Marathi-language film depicting the battle is titled ''[[Pawankhind (film)|Pawankhind]]'' directed by Digpal Lanjekar starring [[Chinmay Mandlekar]] as [[Shivaji]] and Ajay Purkar as [[Baji Prabhu Deshpande]] released on 21 January.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movies/news/these-character-posters-of-digpal-lanjekars-pawankhind-will-get-you-all-excited-for-the-film/articleshow/88539211.cms|title=THESE character posters of Digpal Lanjekar's 'Pawankhind' will get you all excited for the film|date=28 December 2021|publisher=Times of India|access-date=5 January 2022}}</ref> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[Battle of Kolhapur]] |
* [[Battle of Kolhapur]] |
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* [[Battle of |
* [[Third Battle of Panipat]] |
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* [[Third Battle of Panipat]] (1761), A massive historic battle between the Maratha empire and the [[Durrani Empire]] of [[Afghanistan]] at [[Panipat]]. [[Shah]] of the Durrani empire [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmad Shah Abdali]] led the invasion, [[Sadashivrao Bhau]] led the [[Maratha Army]]. |
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* [[List of last stands]] |
* [[List of last stands]] |
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{{portal bar|war|military}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:1660 in India]] |
[[Category:1660 in India]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving the Maratha |
[[Category:Battles involving the Maratha Confederacy|Pavankhind]] |
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[[Category:Conflicts in 1660|Pavan Khind]] |
[[Category:Conflicts in 1660|Pavan Khind]] |
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[[Category:History of Maharashtra]] |
[[Category:History of Maharashtra]] |
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[[Category:Last stands|Pavan Khind]] |
[[Category:Last stands|Pavan Khind]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving the Bijapur Sultanate]] |
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Revision as of 12:56, 11 June 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2024) |
| Battle of Päwan Khind | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 Maratha Army | Bijapur Sultanate | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Baji Prabhu Deshpande † Fulaji Prabhu Deshpande † Rayaji Bandal † Shambu Singh Jadhav † |
Siddi Masud Siddi Jauhar | ||||||
The Battle of Pavan Khind (/pɑːvʌnxɪnd/ PAAVANKHIND); was a rearguard last stand that took place on 13 July 1660, at a mountain pass in the vicinity of fort Vishalgad, near the city of Kolhapur by the Maratha general Baji Prabhu Deshpande and Shambhu Singh Jadhav against Siddi Masud of the Bijapur Sultanate. The engagement ended with the destruction of the Maratha forces, and a tactical victory for the Bijapur Sultanate that failed to achieve a strategic victory.[citation needed]
In popular culture
- The battle was depicted in episodes of Raja Shivchatrapati
- In 2022, a Marathi-language film depicting the battle is titled Pawankhind directed by Digpal Lanjekar starring Chinmay Mandlekar as Shivaji and Ajay Purkar as Baji Prabhu Deshpande released on 21 January.[1]
See also
References
- ^ "THESE character posters of Digpal Lanjekar's 'Pawankhind' will get you all excited for the film". Times of India. 28 December 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
