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{{Short description|Tree used to incarcerate prisoners}}
[[File:Wickenburg-Jail Tree-1863.jpg|300px|thumb|Historic jail tree in Wickenburg, Arizona.]]
[[File:Wickenburg-Jail Tree-1863.jpg|300px|thumb|Historic jail tree in Wickenburg, Arizona.]]


A '''jail tree''' is any tree used to incarcerate a person, usually by chaining the prisoner up to the tree. Jail trees were used on the [[American frontier]], in the [[Territory of Arizona]], in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A few of which survive to this day. Jail trees were also used in [[Australia]],<ref>[http://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2014/september/1409493600/anna-goldsworthy/voices-land "Voices of the land"], by [[Anna Goldsworthy]], [[The Monthly]], September 2014.</ref> for example [[Boab Prison Tree, Derby]] and [[Boab Prison Tree, Wyndham]].
A '''jail tree''' is any tree used to incarcerate a person, usually by chaining the prisoner up to the tree. Jail trees were used on the [[American frontier]] in the [[Territory of Arizona]], in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; jail trees were also used in [[Australia]].<ref>[http://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2014/september/1409493600/anna-goldsworthy/voices-land "Voices of the land"], by [[Anna Goldsworthy]], [[The Monthly]], September 2014.</ref> A few jail trees survive to this day.


==Examples==
==Examples==
* [[Gleeson Jail#History|Gleeson Jail Tree]]: A large [[oak]] tree in the ghost town of [[Gleeson, Arizona|Gleeson]], near [[Tombstone, Arizona]]. A thick metal cable and chain wrapped around the trunk of the tree was used with handcuffs to chain up prisoners. In use before the construction of the original wooden-frame jail building in 1909.<ref name="explorecochise.com">{{Cite web|title=Gleeson: Arizona Ghost Town|url=http://www.explorecochise.com/Gleeson-Arizona-Ghost-Town|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref><ref name="gleesonarizona.com1">{{Cite web | title=Gleeson Arizona: Laws and Lawmen| work=Glenn Snow| url=http://www.gleesonarizona.com/HistoricalSketches/LawsAndLawmen.pdf| date=2009| access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>
* [[Gleeson Jail#History|Gleeson Jail Tree]]: A large [[oak]] tree in the ghost town of [[Gleeson, Arizona|Gleeson]], near [[Tombstone, Arizona]]. A thick metal cable and chain wrapped around the trunk of the tree was used with handcuffs to chain up prisoners. In use before the construction of the original wooden-frame jail building in 1909.<ref name="explorecochise.com">{{Cite web|title=Gleeson: Arizona Ghost Town|url=http://www.explorecochise.com/Gleeson-Arizona-Ghost-Town|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref><ref name="gleesonarizona.com1">{{Cite web | title=Gleeson Arizona: Laws and Lawmen| work=Glenn Snow| url=http://www.gleesonarizona.com/HistoricalSketches/LawsAndLawmen.pdf| date=2009| access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>
* Paradise Jail Tree: Pair of oak trees with a log chain stretched between them. Prisoners were shackled to the chain. Located in the ghost town of [[Paradise, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Murbarger|first=Nell|author-link=Nell Murbarger|title=Ghosts of the Adobe Walls|url=https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb|url-access=registration|year=1964|publisher=Treasure Chest Publications|page=[https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb/page/291 291]}}</ref><ref name="ghosttowns.com">{{Cite web|title=Paradise - Arizona Ghost Town|url=http://www.ghosttowns.com/states/az/paradise.html|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>
* Paradise Jail Tree: Pair of oak trees with a log chain stretched between them. Prisoners were shackled to the chain. Located in the ghost town of [[Paradise, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Murbarger|first=Nell|author-link=Nell Murbarger|title=Ghosts of the Adobe Walls|url=https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb|url-access=registration|year=1964|publisher=Treasure Chest Publications|page=[https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb/page/291 291]}}</ref><ref name="ghosttowns.com">{{Cite web|title=Paradise - Arizona Ghost Town|url=http://www.ghosttowns.com/states/az/paradise.html|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>
*Ruby Jail Tree: [[Mesquite]] trees in the ghost town of [[Ruby, Arizona]], used for chaining up prisoners sometime before the construction of the current concrete jail building in 1936.
* Ruby Jail Tree: [[Mesquite]] trees in the ghost town of [[Ruby, Arizona]], used for chaining up prisoners sometime before the construction of the current concrete jail building in 1936.
* Wickenburg Jail Tree: 200-year-old mesquite tree with a chain and handcuffs for prisoners. Located in [[Wickenburg, Arizona]], and in use between 1863 and 1890. Preserved for its historical association with the early-day Wickenburg mining camp.<ref name="ci.wickenburg.az.us">{{Cite web|title=Jail Tree: Wickenburg AZ - Official Site|url=http://www.ci.wickenburg.az.us/532/Jail-Tree|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref><ref name="weirdus.com">{{Cite web|title=Wickenburg's Jail Tree - Weird Arizona|url=http://www.weirdus.com/states/arizona/roadside_oddities/wickenburg_jail_tree/|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>
* Wickenburg Jail Tree: 200-year-old mesquite tree with a chain and handcuffs for prisoners. Located in [[Wickenburg, Arizona]], and in use between 1863 and 1890. Preserved for its historical association with the early-day Wickenburg mining camp.<ref name="ci.wickenburg.az.us">{{Cite web|title=Jail Tree: Wickenburg AZ – Official Site|url=http://www.ci.wickenburg.az.us/532/Jail-Tree|access-date=2016-07-16|archive-date=2016-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810011609/http://ci.wickenburg.az.us/532/Jail-Tree|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="weirdus.com">{{Cite web|title=Wickenburg's Jail Tree – Weird Arizona|url=http://www.weirdus.com/states/arizona/roadside_oddities/wickenburg_jail_tree/|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>
* [[Boab Prison Tree, Wyndham|Wyndham Boab Prison Tree]]: A large [[Adansonia gregorii|boab]] tree south of [[Wyndham, Western Australia]] that was used as a lockup for [[Aboriginal Australians|Aboriginal]] prisoners on the way to the town during the late 1890s. Unlike other jail trees, prisoners were held ''inside'' the boab's hollow trunk, though prisoners were also chained to the tree outside if there was no room inside. A [[Boab Prison Tree, Derby|similar tree]] in [[Derby, Western Australia|Derby]] was also thought to be used for the same purpose but there is no evidence to support its use as such.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51187088 |title=DANCE OF THE BOAB. |newspaper=[[The Australian Women's Weekly]] | date=2 February 1966 |accessdate=10 October 2022 |page=26 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>


==Similar jails==
==Similar jails==
[[File:Jail_Post_In_Tubac_Arizona_2016.jpg|200px|thumb|The Tubac Jail on display at the museum in Tubac.]]
[[File:Jail Post In Tubac Arizona 2016.jpg|200px|thumb|The Tubac Jail on display at the museum in Tubac.]]
[[File:Historic_Jail_In_Arivaca_Arizona_2017.jpg|200px|thumb|The jail in Arivaca, Arizona.]]
[[File:Historic Jail In Arivaca Arizona 2017.jpg|200px|thumb|The jail in Arivaca, Arizona.]]

* Arivaca Jail: A slab of concrete in the ground with two metal bars embedded in the center, where heavy log chains for the prisoners were attached. Located in the historic town of [[Arivaca, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Murbarger|first=Nell|title=Ghosts of the Adobe Walls|url=https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb|url-access=registration|year=1964|publisher=Treasure Chest Publications|page=[https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb/page/121 121]}}</ref>
* Arivaca Jail: A slab of concrete in the ground with two metal bars embedded in the center, where heavy log chains for the prisoners were attached. Located in the historic town of [[Arivaca, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Murbarger|first=Nell|title=Ghosts of the Adobe Walls|url=https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb|url-access=registration|year=1964|publisher=Treasure Chest Publications|page=[https://archive.org/details/ghostsofadobewal00murb/page/121 121]}}</ref>
* Greaterville Jail: A large hole in the ground. A rope was used for letting prisoners up or down. Located in the ghost town of [[Kentucky Camp, Arizona|Greaterville, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Sherman|first=James E.|title=Ghost Towns of Arizona|year=1969|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]]|page=70|isbn=9780806108438|author2=Barbara H. Sherman}}</ref>
* Greaterville Jail: A large hole in the ground. A rope was used for letting prisoners up or down. Located in the ghost town of [[Kentucky Camp, Arizona|Greaterville, Arizona]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Sherman|first=James E.|title=Ghost Towns of Arizona|year=1969|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]]|page=70|isbn=978-0806108438|author2=Barbara H. Sherman}}</ref>
* Tubac Jail: Wooden post in the ground with an attached pair of [[leg irons]] to hold the prisoner. The leg irons were originally used on board a Spanish ship to chain prisoners to the mast before being used as the town jail in [[Tubac, Arizona]]. They are now on display in the museum of the [[Tubac Presidio State Historic Park]].<ref name="2coollizards.com">{{Cite web|title=Tubac Presidio State Historic Park & Town of Tubac|url=http://www.2coollizards.com/tubac/tubac.html|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>
* Tubac Jail: Wooden post in the ground with an attached pair of [[leg irons]] to hold the prisoner. The leg irons were originally used on board a Spanish ship to chain prisoners to the mast before being used as the town jail in [[Tubac, Arizona]]. They are now on display in the museum of the [[Tubac Presidio State Historic Park]].<ref name="2coollizards.com">{{Cite web|title=Tubac Presidio State Historic Park & Town of Tubac|url=http://www.2coollizards.com/tubac/tubac.html|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref>


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[[Category:Jails in Arizona]]
[[Category:Jails in Arizona]]
[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Penal system in Australia]]

Latest revision as of 15:24, 20 February 2023

Historic jail tree in Wickenburg, Arizona.

A jail tree is any tree used to incarcerate a person, usually by chaining the prisoner up to the tree. Jail trees were used on the American frontier in the Territory of Arizona, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; jail trees were also used in Australia.[1] A few jail trees survive to this day.

Examples

[edit]
  • Gleeson Jail Tree: A large oak tree in the ghost town of Gleeson, near Tombstone, Arizona. A thick metal cable and chain wrapped around the trunk of the tree was used with handcuffs to chain up prisoners. In use before the construction of the original wooden-frame jail building in 1909.[2][3]
  • Paradise Jail Tree: Pair of oak trees with a log chain stretched between them. Prisoners were shackled to the chain. Located in the ghost town of Paradise, Arizona.[4][5]
  • Ruby Jail Tree: Mesquite trees in the ghost town of Ruby, Arizona, used for chaining up prisoners sometime before the construction of the current concrete jail building in 1936.
  • Wickenburg Jail Tree: 200-year-old mesquite tree with a chain and handcuffs for prisoners. Located in Wickenburg, Arizona, and in use between 1863 and 1890. Preserved for its historical association with the early-day Wickenburg mining camp.[6][7]
  • Wyndham Boab Prison Tree: A large boab tree south of Wyndham, Western Australia that was used as a lockup for Aboriginal prisoners on the way to the town during the late 1890s. Unlike other jail trees, prisoners were held inside the boab's hollow trunk, though prisoners were also chained to the tree outside if there was no room inside. A similar tree in Derby was also thought to be used for the same purpose but there is no evidence to support its use as such.[8]

Similar jails

[edit]
The Tubac Jail on display at the museum in Tubac.
The jail in Arivaca, Arizona.
  • Arivaca Jail: A slab of concrete in the ground with two metal bars embedded in the center, where heavy log chains for the prisoners were attached. Located in the historic town of Arivaca, Arizona.[9]
  • Greaterville Jail: A large hole in the ground. A rope was used for letting prisoners up or down. Located in the ghost town of Greaterville, Arizona.[10]
  • Tubac Jail: Wooden post in the ground with an attached pair of leg irons to hold the prisoner. The leg irons were originally used on board a Spanish ship to chain prisoners to the mast before being used as the town jail in Tubac, Arizona. They are now on display in the museum of the Tubac Presidio State Historic Park.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Voices of the land", by Anna Goldsworthy, The Monthly, September 2014.
  2. ^ "Gleeson: Arizona Ghost Town". Retrieved 2016-07-16.
  3. ^ "Gleeson Arizona: Laws and Lawmen" (PDF). Glenn Snow. 2009. Retrieved 2016-07-16.
  4. ^ Murbarger, Nell (1964). Ghosts of the Adobe Walls. Treasure Chest Publications. p. 291.
  5. ^ "Paradise - Arizona Ghost Town". Retrieved 2016-07-16.
  6. ^ "Jail Tree: Wickenburg AZ – Official Site". Archived from the original on 2016-08-10. Retrieved 2016-07-16.
  7. ^ "Wickenburg's Jail Tree – Weird Arizona". Retrieved 2016-07-16.
  8. ^ "DANCE OF THE BOAB". The Australian Women's Weekly. National Library of Australia. 2 February 1966. p. 26. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  9. ^ Murbarger, Nell (1964). Ghosts of the Adobe Walls. Treasure Chest Publications. p. 121.
  10. ^ Sherman, James E.; Barbara H. Sherman (1969). Ghost Towns of Arizona. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 70. ISBN 978-0806108438.
  11. ^ "Tubac Presidio State Historic Park & Town of Tubac". Retrieved 2016-07-16.
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