List of lord chancellors and lord keepers: Difference between revisions
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{{Use British English|date=February 2017}} |
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The following is a list of '''[[ |
The following is a list of '''[[lord chancellor]]s''' and '''[[Lord Keeper of the Great Seal|lord keepers of the Great Seal]]''' of [[Kingdom of England|England]] and [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]]. It also includes a list of '''commissioners of Parliament's Great Seal''' during the [[English Civil War]] and [[Interregnum (England)|Interregnum]]. |
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==Lord |
== Lord chancellors and lord keepers of England, 1050–1707 == |
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===11th century=== |
=== 11th century === |
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*[[Regenbald]] ( |
*[[Regenbald]] (1050 – after 1066) |
||
*[[Herfast]] (1068–1070) |
*[[Herfast]] (1068–1070) |
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*[[Saint Osmund]], [[count of Sées]] and [[bishop of Salisbury]] (c. 1070) |
*[[Saint Osmund]], [[count of Sées]] and [[bishop of Salisbury]] (c. 1070) |
||
*[[Maurice (Bishop of London)|Maurice]], Archdeacon of Le Mans (c. 1078) |
*[[Maurice (Bishop of London)|Maurice]], Archdeacon of Le Mans (c. 1078) |
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*[[Gerard, Archbishop of York|Gerard]], Preceptor of Rouen |
*[[Gerard, Archbishop of York|Gerard]], Preceptor of Rouen, later Archbishop of York (c. 1085 – before 1091) |
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*[[Robert Bloet]] (after January 1091) |
*[[Robert Bloet]] (after January 1091) |
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*[[William Giffard]] (1094–1101) |
*[[William Giffard]] (1094–1101) |
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===12th century=== |
=== 12th century === |
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*[[Roger of Salisbury]] (1101–1102) |
*[[Roger of Salisbury]] (1101–1102) |
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*[[Waldric]] (1102–1107) |
*[[Waldric]] (1102–1107) |
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*[[William FitzGilbert]] (1141–1142) |
*[[William FitzGilbert]] (1141–1142) |
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*[[Robert of Ghent]], Dean of York (1142–1154) |
*[[Robert of Ghent]], Dean of York (1142–1154) |
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*[[Thomas Becket]], Archdeacon of Canterbury |
*[[Thomas Becket]], Archdeacon of Canterbury, later Archbishop of Canterbury (1155–1162) |
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*[[Geoffrey Ridel (bishop of Ely)|Geoffrey Ridel]], Archdeacon of Canterbury (1162–1173) |
*[[Geoffrey Ridel (bishop of Ely)|Geoffrey Ridel]], Archdeacon of Canterbury (1162–1173) |
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*[[Ralph de Warneville]], Treasurer of York (1173–1181) |
*[[Ralph de Warneville]], Treasurer of York (1173–1181) |
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*Eustace, Dean of Salisbury (1198–1199) |
*Eustace, Dean of Salisbury (1198–1199) |
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===13th century=== |
=== 13th century === |
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*[[Hubert Walter]], Archbishop of Canterbury (1199–1205) |
*[[Hubert Walter]], Archbishop of Canterbury (1199–1205) |
||
*[[Walter de Gray]] |
*[[Walter de Gray]], at various times Bishop of Lichfield, Bishop of Worcester, Archbishop of York (1205–1214) |
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*[[Richard Marsh (bishop)|Richard Marsh]] |
*[[Richard Marsh (bishop)|Richard Marsh]], later Bishop of Durham (1214–1226) |
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*[[Ralph Neville]], Bishop of Chichester (1226–1240) |
*[[Ralph Neville]], Bishop of Chichester (1226–1240) |
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*[[Richard le Gras]], Abbot of Evesham (1240–1242) |
*[[Richard le Gras]], Abbot of Evesham (1240–1242) |
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*[[John Maunsell]] (1248–1249) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
*[[John Maunsell]] (1248–1249) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
||
*[[John Lexington]] (1249–1253) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
*[[John Lexington]] (1249–1253) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
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*[[Eleanor of Provence]],<ref>{{cite web |title= |
*[[Eleanor of Provence]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Swearing In of the Lord Chancellor |url=https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/lcj-speech-swearing-in-lord-chancellor-july2016.pdf |website=The Right Hon. The Lord Thomas of Cwmgiedd Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales |publisher=Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales |access-date=18 April 2022 |date=21 July 2016}}</ref>{{Efn|Not Lord Chancellor as such,<!--source says "You [Truss] ''are'' the first female Lord Chancellor"--> but exercised those functions as regent until she appointed William of Kilkenny; only woman to do so until [[Liz Truss]] was appointed in 2016.}} Queen Consort and Regent of England (1253–1254) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
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*[[William of Kilkenny]] (1254–1255) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
*[[William of Kilkenny]] (1254–1255) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
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*[[Henry Wingham]] |
*[[Henry Wingham]], from 1259/1260 Bishop of London (1255–1260) |
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*[[Nicholas of Ely]], Archdeacon of Ely (1260–1261) |
*[[Nicholas of Ely]], Archdeacon of Ely (1260–1261) |
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*[[Walter de Merton]], Archdeacon of Bath (1261–1263) |
*[[Walter de Merton]], Archdeacon of Bath (1261–1263) |
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*[[John Langton]], Canon of Lincoln (1292–1302) |
*[[John Langton]], Canon of Lincoln (1292–1302) |
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===14th century=== |
=== 14th century === |
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*[[William Greenfield]], Dean of Chichester (1302–1305) |
*[[William Greenfield]], Dean of Chichester (1302–1305) |
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*[[William Hamilton (Lord Chancellor)|William Hamilton]], Dean of York (1305–1307) |
*[[William Hamilton (Lord Chancellor)|William Hamilton]], Dean of York (1305–1307) |
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*[[Thomas Arundel]], Archbishop of Canterbury (1399) |
*[[Thomas Arundel]], Archbishop of Canterbury (1399) |
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===15th century=== |
=== 15th century === |
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*[[John Scarle]], Archdeacon of Lincoln (1399–1401) |
*[[John Scarle]], Archdeacon of Lincoln (1399–1401) |
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*[[Edmund Stafford]], Bishop of Exeter (1401–1403) |
*[[Edmund Stafford]], Bishop of Exeter (1401–1403) |
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*[[Robert Stillington]], Bishop of Bath (1471–1473) |
*[[Robert Stillington]], Bishop of Bath (1471–1473) |
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*[[Laurence Booth]], Bishop of Durham (1473–1474) |
*[[Laurence Booth]], Bishop of Durham (1473–1474) |
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*[[John Alcock (bishop)|John Alcock]], Bishop of Rochester (1475) |
*[[John Alcock (bishop)|John Alcock]], Bishop of Rochester (1475) ''(Keeper of the Great Seal)'' |
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*[[Thomas Rotheram]], Bishop of Lincoln (1475–1483) |
*[[Thomas Rotheram]], Bishop of Lincoln (1475–1483) |
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*[[John Russell (bishop)|John Russell]], Bishop of Lincoln (1483–1485) |
*[[John Russell (bishop)|John Russell]], Bishop of Lincoln (1483–1485) |
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*[[John Morton (archbishop)|John Morton]], Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury (1486–1500) |
*[[John Morton (archbishop)|John Morton]], Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury (1486–1500) |
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===1500–1654=== |
=== 1500–1654 === |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:Center" |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:Center" |
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Line 144: | Line 144: | ||
! Name |
! Name |
||
! colspan=2 | Term of office |
! colspan=2 | Term of office |
||
! Monarch<br />{{Small|( |
! Monarch<br />{{Small|(reign)}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| |
||
| [[Henry Deane (archbishop of Canterbury)|Henry Deane]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], Keeper |
| [[Henry Deane (archbishop of Canterbury)|Henry Deane]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], Keeper |
||
| 1500 |
| 1500 |
||
Line 157: | Line 157: | ||
| rowspan=2 | 1515 |
| rowspan=2 | 1515 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan=5 | [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]<br />[[File: |
! rowspan=5 | [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]<br />[[File:Coat of Arms of England (1509-1554) - Dragon with pizzle.png|60px]]<br />{{Small|(1509–1547)}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File: Cardinal Thomas Wolsey.jpg|100px]] |
| [[File: Cardinal Thomas Wolsey.jpg|100px]] |
||
Line 179: | Line 179: | ||
| rowspan=2 | 1547 |
| rowspan=2 | 1547 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan=4 | [[Edward VI of England|Edward VI]]<br />[[File: |
! rowspan=4 | [[Edward VI of England|Edward VI]]<br />[[File:Coat of Arms of England (1509-1554) - Dragon with pizzle.png|60px]]<br />{{Small|(1547–1553)}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester from NPG.jpg|100px]] |
| [[File:William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester from NPG.jpg|100px]] |
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Line 224: | Line 224: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1558-1603).svg|100px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1558-1603).svg|100px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
*''Commissioners of the Great Seal'' |
*''Commissioners of the Great Seal'' |
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**[[William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley|Lord Burghley]] |
**[[William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley|Lord Burghley]] |
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**[[William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham|Lord Cobham]] |
**[[William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham|Lord Cobham]] |
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**[[Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset|Lord Buckhurst]] |
**[[Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset|Lord Buckhurst]] |
||
*''Commissioners to hear causes'' |
|||
**[[Gilbert Gerard (judge)|Gilbert Gerard]] and others |
**[[Gilbert Gerard (judge)|Gilbert Gerard]] and others |
||
| 1591 |
| 1591 |
||
Line 241: | Line 241: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[File:Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley from NPG.jpg|100px]] |
| rowspan=2 | [[File:Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley from NPG.jpg|100px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley|Thomas Egerton]], Lord Keeper to 19 July 1603<br />(Lord Ellesmere from 1603<br />[[Viscount Brackley]] from 1616) |
| rowspan=2 | [[Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley|Thomas Egerton]], Lord Keeper to 19 July 1603<br />(Lord Ellesmere from 1603;<br />[[Viscount Brackley]] from 1616) |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|6 May}}<br />1596 |
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|6 May}}<br />1596 |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|5 March}}<br />1617 |
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|5 March}}<br />1617 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan=4 | [[James VI and I|James I]]<br />[[File:Coat of Arms of England (1603-1649).svg|60px]]<br />{{Small|(1603–1625)}} |
! rowspan=4 | [[James VI and I|James I]]<br />[[File:Coat of Arms of England (1603-1649).svg|60px]]<br />{{Small|(1603–1625)}} |
||
Line 253: | Line 253: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1603-1649).svg|100px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1603-1649).svg|100px]] |
||
|'''In |
|'''In commission:''' |
||
*''Commissioners to hear causes in the Court of Chancery'' |
*''Commissioners to hear causes in the Court of Chancery'' |
||
**[[Julius Caesar (judge)|Julius Caesar]] and others |
**[[Julius Caesar (judge)|Julius Caesar]] and others |
||
Line 303: | Line 303: | ||
|} |
|} |
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The Great Seal was captured and destroyed by Parliament on 11 August 1646 |
The Great Seal was captured and destroyed by Parliament on 11 August 1646. |
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=== Commissioners of Parliament's Great Seal 1643–1660=== |
=== Commissioners of Parliament's Great Seal 1643–1660=== |
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Line 310: | Line 310: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
!Image |
!Image |
||
!Name<ref>Cook and Wroughton, English Historical Facts, 1603–1688, |
!Name<ref>Cook and Wroughton, ''English Historical Facts, 1603–1688'', pp. 8–9</ref> |
||
!Term |
!Term |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[Henry Grey, 10th Earl of Kent|Earl of Kent]] |
*[[Henry Grey, 10th Earl of Kent|Earl of Kent]] |
||
*[[Oliver St John, 1st Earl of Bolingbroke|Earl of Bolingbroke]] died July 1646 |
*[[Oliver St John, 1st Earl of Bolingbroke|Earl of Bolingbroke]] died July 1646 |
||
Line 322: | Line 322: | ||
*[[Edmund Prideaux (Roundhead)|Edmund Prideaux]] |
*[[Edmund Prideaux (Roundhead)|Edmund Prideaux]] |
||
*[[William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|Earl of Salisbury]] replacing Bolingbroke |
*[[William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|Earl of Salisbury]] replacing Bolingbroke |
||
||Nov |
||Nov 1643 – Oct 1646 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|Earl of Salisbury]] |
*[[William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|Earl of Salisbury]] |
||
*[[Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester|Earl of Manchester]] |
*[[Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester|Earl of Manchester]] |
||
Line 332: | Line 332: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[Henry Grey, 10th Earl of Kent|Earl of Kent]] |
*[[Henry Grey, 10th Earl of Kent|Earl of Kent]] |
||
*[[William Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Werke|Lord Grey of Werke]] |
*[[William Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Werke|Lord Grey of Werke]] |
||
Line 340: | Line 340: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[Bulstrode Whitelocke]] |
*[[Bulstrode Whitelocke]] |
||
*[[John Lisle]] |
*[[John Lisle]] |
||
Line 347: | Line 347: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[Bulstrode Whitelocke]] |
*[[Bulstrode Whitelocke]] |
||
*[[Thomas Widdrington]] |
*[[Thomas Widdrington]] |
||
Line 354: | Line 354: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[Nathaniel Fiennes (Roundhead)|Nathaniel Fiennes]] |
*[[Nathaniel Fiennes (Roundhead)|Nathaniel Fiennes]] |
||
*[[John Lisle]] |
*[[John Lisle]] |
||
Line 360: | Line 360: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[Nathaniel Fiennes (Roundhead)|Nathaniel Fiennes]] |
*[[Nathaniel Fiennes (Roundhead)|Nathaniel Fiennes]] |
||
*[[John Lisle]] |
*[[John Lisle]] |
||
Line 367: | Line 367: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[John Bradshaw (judge)|John Bradshaw]] |
*[[John Bradshaw (judge)|John Bradshaw]] |
||
*[[Thomas Tyrrell]] |
*[[Thomas Tyrrell]] |
||
Line 374: | Line 374: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
| [[File:No image.svg|75px]] |
||
|''In |
|''In commission:'' |
||
*[[William Lenthall]] |
*[[William Lenthall]] |
||
*[[Thomas Widdrington]] |
*[[Thomas Widdrington]] |
||
Line 383: | Line 383: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
===From the Restoration |
=== From the Restoration (1660) to the Act of Union (1707) === |
||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
||
|- style="height:1em" |
|- style="height:1em" |
||
! colspan=2 | Lord Chancellor and Lord Keeper |
! colspan=2 | Lord Chancellor and Lord Keeper |
||
! colspan=2 | Term of office |
! colspan=2 | Term of office |
||
! Other |
! Other peerage(s) |
||
! Monarch<br/>{{Small|( |
! Monarch<br/>{{Small|(reign)}} |
||
|- style="height:1em" |
|- style="height:1em" |
||
Line 440: | Line 440: | ||
|- style="height:1em" |
|- style="height:1em" |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1694-1702).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1694-1702).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
*[[John Maynard (1604–1690)|John Maynard]] |
*[[John Maynard (1604–1690)|John Maynard]] |
||
*[[Anthony Keck (Tiverton MP)|Anthony Keck]] |
*[[Anthony Keck (Tiverton MP)|Anthony Keck]] |
||
Line 451: | Line 451: | ||
|- style="height:1em" |
|- style="height:1em" |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1694-1702).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1694-1702).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[John Trevor (speaker)|John Trevor]] |
* [[John Trevor (speaker)|John Trevor]] |
||
* [[William Rawlinson (Commissioner)|William Rawlinson]] |
* [[William Rawlinson (Commissioner)|William Rawlinson]] |
||
Line 468: | Line 468: | ||
|- style="height:1em" |
|- style="height:1em" |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1694-1702).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of England (1694-1702).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[John Holt (Lord Chief Justice)|John Holt]],<br/>{{Small|[[Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales|Lord Chief Justice]]}} |
* [[John Holt (Lord Chief Justice)|John Holt]],<br/>{{Small|[[Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales|Lord Chief Justice]]}} |
||
* [[George Treby (judge)|George Treby]],<br/>{{Small|[[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
* [[George Treby (judge)|George Treby]],<br/>{{Small|[[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
||
Line 495: | Line 495: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
==Lord |
== Lord high chancellors and lord keepers of Great Britain (1707–) == |
||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
||
! colspan=10 | {{Legend2|{{Party color|Tories (British political party)}} | [[Tories (British political party)|Tory]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Whigs (British political party)}} | [[Whigs (British political party)|Whig]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}} | [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Liberal Party (UK)}} | [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}} | [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|National Labour Organisation}} | [[National Labour Organisation|National Labour]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)}} | [[National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)|National Liberal]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} |
! colspan=10 | {{Legend2|{{Party color|Tories (British political party)}} | [[Tories (British political party)|Tory]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Whigs (British political party)}} | [[Whigs (British political party)|Whig]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}} | [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Liberal Party (UK)}} | [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}} | [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|National Labour Organisation}} | [[National Labour Organisation|National Labour]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)}} | [[National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)|National Liberal]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} |
||
Line 504: | Line 504: | ||
! Party |
! Party |
||
! Ministry |
! Ministry |
||
! Other |
! Other peerage(s) |
||
! Monarch<br/>{{Small|(Reign)}} |
! Monarch<br/>{{Small|(Reign)}} |
||
Line 524: | Line 524: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1707-1714).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1707-1714).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[Thomas Trevor, 1st Baron Trevor|Thomas Trevor]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
* [[Thomas Trevor, 1st Baron Trevor|Thomas Trevor]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
||
*[[Robert Tracy (judge)|Robert Tracy]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
*[[Robert Tracy (judge)|Robert Tracy]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
||
Line 559: | Line 559: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[Robert Tracy (judge)|Robert Tracy]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
* [[Robert Tracy (judge)|Robert Tracy]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
||
* [[John Pratt (judge)|John Pratt]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the King's Bench]]}} |
* [[John Pratt (judge)|John Pratt]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the King's Bench]]}} |
||
Line 584: | Line 584: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[Joseph Jekyll]],<br/>{{Small| [[Master of the Rolls]]}} |
* [[Joseph Jekyll]],<br/>{{Small| [[Master of the Rolls]]}} |
||
* [[Jeffrey Gilbert (judge)|Jeffrey Gilbert]],<br/>{{Small| [[Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
* [[Jeffrey Gilbert (judge)|Jeffrey Gilbert]],<br/>{{Small| [[Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
||
Line 638: | Line 638: | ||
! rowspan=2 | |
! rowspan=2 | |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
| rowspan=2 | [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | '''In |
| rowspan=2 | '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[John Willes (judge)|John Willes]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
* [[John Willes (judge)|John Willes]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
||
* [[Sidney Smythe|Sidney Stafford Smythe]],<br/>{{Small| [[Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
* [[Sidney Smythe|Sidney Stafford Smythe]],<br/>{{Small| [[Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
||
Line 698: | Line 698: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[Sidney Smythe|Sidney Stafford Smythe]],<br/>{{Small| [[Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
* [[Sidney Smythe|Sidney Stafford Smythe]],<br/>{{Small| [[Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
||
*[[Henry Bathurst, 2nd Earl Bathurst|Henry Bathurst]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
*[[Henry Bathurst, 2nd Earl Bathurst|Henry Bathurst]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
||
Line 735: | Line 735: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
*[[Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn|Lord Loughborough]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
*[[Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn|Lord Loughborough]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]]}} |
||
* [[William Henry Ashurst (judge)|William Henry Ashurst]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the King's Bench]]}} |
* [[William Henry Ashurst (judge)|William Henry Ashurst]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the King's Bench]]}} |
||
Line 758: | Line 758: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg|75px]] |
||
|'''In |
|'''In commission:''' |
||
* [[James Eyre (judge)|James Eyre]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
* [[James Eyre (judge)|James Eyre]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chief Baron of the Exchequer]]}} |
||
* [[William Henry Ashurst (judge)|William Henry Ashurst]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the King's Bench]]}} |
* [[William Henry Ashurst (judge)|William Henry Ashurst]],<br/>{{Small| [[Justice of the King's Bench]]}} |
||
Line 866: | Line 866: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
* [[Charles Pepys, 1st Earl of Cottenham|Charles Pepys]],<br/>{{Small| [[Master of the Rolls]]}} |
* [[Charles Pepys, 1st Earl of Cottenham|Charles Pepys]],<br/>{{Small| [[Master of the Rolls]]}} |
||
* [[Lancelot Shadwell]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chancellor of the High Court|Vice-Chancellor of England]]}} |
* [[Lancelot Shadwell]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chancellor of the High Court|Vice-Chancellor of England]]}} |
||
Line 911: | Line 911: | ||
! |
! |
||
| [[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg|75px]] |
| [[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg|75px]] |
||
| '''In |
| '''In commission:''' |
||
*[[Henry Bickersteth, 1st Baron Langdale|Lord Langdale]],<br/>{{Small| [[Master of the Rolls]]}} |
*[[Henry Bickersteth, 1st Baron Langdale|Lord Langdale]],<br/>{{Small| [[Master of the Rolls]]}} |
||
* [[Lancelot Shadwell]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chancellor of the High Court|Vice Chancellor of England]]}} |
* [[Lancelot Shadwell]],<br/>{{Small| [[Chancellor of the High Court|Vice Chancellor of England]]}} |
||
Line 1,285: | Line 1,285: | ||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | |
| rowspan=2 | |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[Gavin Simonds, 1st Viscount Simonds|Gavin Simonds<br/>Baron Simonds]] |
| rowspan=2 | [[Gavin Simonds, 1st Viscount Simonds|Gavin Simonds<br/>Baron Simonds]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|30 October}}<br/>1951 |
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|30 October}}<br/>1951 |
||
Line 1,371: | Line 1,371: | ||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
! style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
! style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
||
| |
|||
| [[File:Havers Escutcheon.png|75px]] |
|||
| [[Michael Havers, Baron Havers|Michael Havers<br/>Baron Havers]] |
| [[Michael Havers, Baron Havers|Michael Havers<br/>Baron Havers]] |
||
| {{Small|13 June}}<br/>1987 |
| {{Small|13 June}}<br/>1987 |
||
Line 1,409: | Line 1,409: | ||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" | |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[File: |
| rowspan=2 | [[File:Portrait_of_Lord_Falconer.jpg|75px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[Charles Falconer, Baron Falconer of Thoroton|Charlie Falconer<br/>Baron Falconer of Thoroton]] |
| rowspan=2 | [[Charles Falconer, Baron Falconer of Thoroton|Charlie Falconer<br/>Baron Falconer of Thoroton]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|12 June}}<br/>2003 |
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|12 June}}<br/>2003 |
||
Line 1,460: | Line 1,460: | ||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
! style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
! style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
||
| [[File: |
| [[File:Liz Truss official portrait (cropped)2.jpg|75px]] |
||
| [[Liz Truss]]{{Efn|First woman to hold the office since [[Eleanor of Provence]] in 1254.}}<br/>{{Small|MP for [[South West Norfolk (UK Parliament constituency)|South West Norfolk]]}} |
| [[Liz Truss]]{{Efn|First woman to hold the office, and first to exercise its functions since [[Eleanor of Provence]] in 1254.}}<br/>{{Small|MP for [[South West Norfolk (UK Parliament constituency)|South West Norfolk]]}} |
||
| {{Small|14 July}}<br/>2016 |
| {{Small|14 July}}<br/>2016 |
||
| {{Small|11 June}}<br/>2017 |
| {{Small|11 June}}<br/>2017 |
||
Line 1,489: | Line 1,489: | ||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
! rowspan=2 style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[File: |
| rowspan=2 | [[File:Robert Buckland KC official portrait (cropped).jpg|75px]] |
||
| rowspan=2 | [[Robert Buckland]]<br/>{{Small|MP for [[South Swindon (UK Parliament constituency)|South Swindon]]}} |
| rowspan=2 | [[Robert Buckland]]<br/>{{Small|MP for [[South Swindon (UK Parliament constituency)|South Swindon]]}} |
||
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|24 July}}<br/>2019 |
| rowspan=2 | {{Small|24 July}}<br/>2019 |
||
Line 1,520: | Line 1,520: | ||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=4 style="background:#eaecf0" | '''[[Charles III]]'''<br>[[File:Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Tudor crown).svg|60px]]<br/>{{Small|(2022–present)}} |
||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
Line 1,534: | Line 1,534: | ||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
||
! style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
! style="background-color:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | |
||
| [[File: |
| [[File:Alex_Chalk_(Lord_Chancellor_1.5)_2023.jpg|75px]] |
||
| [[Alex Chalk]]<br/>{{Small|MP for [[Cheltenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Cheltenham]]}} |
| [[Alex Chalk]]<br/>{{Small|MP for [[Cheltenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Cheltenham]]}} |
||
| {{Small|26 April}}<br/>2023 |
| {{Small|26 April}}<br/>2023 |
||
| {{Small|5 July}}<br/>2024 |
|||
| Incumbent |
|||
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] |
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] |
||
| — |
| — |
||
|- style="height:1em"<!--to ensure row is non-zero height--> |
|||
! style="background-color:{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" | |
|||
| [[File:Shabana Mahmood Official Cabinet Portrait, July 2024 (cropped) 2.jpg|75px]] |
|||
| [[Shabana Mahmood]]<br/>{{Small|MP for [[Birmingham Ladywood (UK Parliament constituency)|Birmingham Ladywood]]}} |
|||
| {{Small|5 July}}<br/>2024 |
|||
| Incumbent |
|||
| {{Party shading/Labour Party (UK)}} | [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] |
|||
| {{Party shading/Labour Party (UK)}} | [[Starmer ministry|Starmer]] |
|||
| — |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
== |
== Timeline == |
||
{{#tag:timeline|ImageSize=width:1100 height:auto barincrement:13 |
|||
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal |
|||
AlignBars = late |
|||
PlotArea = width:90% left:10 top:10 bottom:100 |
|||
Legend = columns:1 left:120 top:70 columnwidth:175 |
|||
Define $now = {{#time:Y}} |
|||
DateFormat = yyyy |
|||
Period = from:1700 till:{{#time:Y|+1 year}} |
|||
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal |
|||
Colors = |
|||
id:tory value:rgb(0.2,0.2,0.8) legend: Tory_faction |
|||
id:whig value:rgb(1,0.5,0) legend: Whig_faction |
|||
id:conservative value:rgb(0,0.53,0.86) legend: Conservative_Party |
|||
id:peelite value:rgb(0.6,1,0.6) legend: Peelite_faction |
|||
id:liberal value:rgb(1,0.84,0) legend: Liberal_Party |
|||
id:libunionist value:rgb(0,0.2,0.56) legend: Liberal_Unionist_Party |
|||
id:labour value:rgb(0.86,0.08,0.18) legend: Labour_Party |
|||
id:natlabour value:rgb(0,0.5,0) legend: National_Labour_Party |
|||
id:natliberal value:rgb(0.3,0.73,0.96) legend: National_Liberal_Party |
|||
id:independent value:rgb(0.6,0.6,0.6) legend: Independent_or_no_party |
|||
id:liteline value:rgb(0.9,0.9,0.9) |
|||
id:line value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8) |
|||
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:line unit:year increment:20 start:1700 |
|||
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:liteline unit:year increment:5 start:1700 |
|||
TextData = |
|||
pos:(20,75) textcolor:black fontsize:M |
|||
text:"Political parties:" |
|||
BarData = |
|||
bar:Cowper |
|||
bar:Harcourt |
|||
bar:Parker |
|||
bar:King |
|||
bar:Talbot |
|||
bar:Hardwicke |
|||
bar:Henley |
|||
bar:Camden |
|||
bar:Yorke |
|||
bar:Apsley |
|||
bar:Thurlow |
|||
bar:Loughborough |
|||
bar:Eldon |
|||
bar:Erskine |
|||
bar:Lyndhurst |
|||
bar:Vaux |
|||
bar:Cottenham |
|||
bar:Truro |
|||
bar:Leonards |
|||
bar:Cranworth |
|||
bar:Chelmsford |
|||
bar:Campbell |
|||
bar:Westbury |
|||
bar:Cairns |
|||
bar:Hatherley |
|||
bar:Selborne |
|||
bar:Halsbury |
|||
bar:Herschell |
|||
bar:Loreburn |
|||
bar:Haldane |
|||
bar:Buckmaster |
|||
bar:Finlay |
|||
bar:Birkenhead |
|||
bar:Cave |
|||
bar:Halisham |
|||
bar:Sankey |
|||
bar:Maugham |
|||
bar:Caldecote |
|||
bar:Simon |
|||
bar:Jowitt |
|||
bar:Simonds |
|||
bar:Kilmuir |
|||
bar:Dilhorne |
|||
bar:Gardiner |
|||
bar:Hogg |
|||
bar:Elwyn-Jones |
|||
bar:Havers |
|||
bar:Clashfern |
|||
bar:Irvine |
|||
bar:Falconer |
|||
bar:Straw |
|||
bar:Clarke |
|||
bar:Grayling |
|||
bar:Gove |
|||
bar:Truss |
|||
bar:Lidington |
|||
bar:Gauke |
|||
bar:Buckland |
|||
bar:Raab |
|||
bar:Lewis |
|||
bar:Chalk |
|||
bar:Mahmood |
|||
PlotData= |
|||
width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till |
|||
bar:Cowper |
|||
from: 1707 till: 1710 color:Independent |
|||
from: 1714 till: 1718 color:Independent text:"[[William Cowper, 1st Baron Cowper|William Cowper]]" |
|||
bar:Harcourt |
|||
from: 1710 till: 1714 color:Tory text:"[[Simon Harcourt, 1st Baron Harcourt|Simon Harcourt]]" |
|||
bar:Parker |
|||
from: 1718 till: 1725 color:Whig text:"[[Thomas Parker, 1st Baron Parker|Thomas Parker]]" |
|||
bar:King |
|||
from: 1725 till: 1733 color:Independent text:"[[Peter King, 1st Baron King|Peter King]]" |
|||
bar:Talbot |
|||
from: 1733 till: 1737 color:Independent text:"[[Charles Talbot, 1st Baron Talbot|Charles Talbot]]" |
|||
bar:Hardwicke |
|||
from: 1737 till: 1756 color:Whig text:"[[Philip Yorke, 1st Baron Hardwicke|Philip Yorke]]" |
|||
bar:Henley |
|||
from: 1757 till: 1766 color:Whig text:"[[Robert Henley, 1st Baron Henley|Robert Henley]]" |
|||
bar:Camden |
|||
from: 1766 till: 1770 color:Whig text:"[[Charles Pratt, 1st Baron Camden|Charles Pratt]]" |
|||
bar:Yorke |
|||
from: 1770 till: 1770 color:Whig text:"[[Charles Yorke]]" |
|||
bar:Apsley |
|||
from: 1771 till: 1778 color:Tory text:"[[Henry Bathurst, 1st Baron Apsley|Henry Bathurst]]" |
|||
bar:Thurlow |
|||
from: 1778 till: 1783 color:Tory |
|||
from: 1783 till: 1792 color:Tory text:"[[Edward Thurlow, 1st Baron Thurlow|Edward Thurlow]]" |
|||
bar:Loughborough |
|||
from: 1793 till: 1801 color:Independent text:"[[Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Baron Loughborough|Alexander Wedderburn]]" |
|||
bar:Eldon |
|||
from: 1801 till: 1806 color:Tory |
|||
from: 1807 till: 1827 color:Tory text:"[[John Scott, 1st Baron Eldon|John Scott]]" |
|||
bar:Erskine |
|||
from: 1806 till: 1807 color:Whig text:"[[Thomas Erskine, 1st Baron Erskine|Thomas Erskine]]" |
|||
bar:Lyndhurst |
|||
from: 1827 till: 1830 color:Tory |
|||
from: 1834 till: 1835 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1841 till: 1846 color:Conservative text:"[[John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst|John Copley]]" |
|||
bar:Vaux |
|||
from: 1830 till: 1834 color:Whig text:"[[Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux|Henry Brougham]]" |
|||
bar:Cottenham |
|||
from: 1836 till: 1841 color:Whig |
|||
from: 1846 till: 1850 color:Whig text:"[[Charles Pepys, 1st Baron Cottenham|Charles Pepys]]" |
|||
bar:Truro |
|||
from: 1850 till: 1852 color:Whig text:"[[Thomas Wilde, 1st Baron Truro|Thomas Wilde]]" |
|||
bar:Leonards |
|||
from: 1852 till: 1852 color:Conservative text:"[[Edward Sugden, 1st Baron St Leonards|Edward Sugden]]" |
|||
bar:Cranworth |
|||
from: 1852 till: 1858 color:Whig |
|||
from: 1865 till: 1866 color:Liberal text:"[[Robert Rolfe, 1st Baron Cranworth|Robert Rolfe]]" |
|||
bar:Chelmsford |
|||
from: 1858 till: 1859 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1866 till: 1868 color:Conservative text:"[[Frederic Thesiger, 1st Baron Chelmsford|Frederic Thesiger]]" |
|||
bar:Campbell |
|||
from: 1859 till: 1861 color:Liberal text:"[[John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell|John Campbell]]" |
|||
bar:Westbury |
|||
from: 1861 till: 1865 color:Liberal text:"[[Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury|Richard Bethell]]" |
|||
bar:Cairns |
|||
from: 1868 till: 1868 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1874 till: 1880 color:Conservative text:"[[Hugh Cairns, 1st Baron Cairns|Hugh Cairns]]" |
|||
bar:Hatherley |
|||
from: 1868 till: 1872 color:Liberal text:"[[William Wood, 1st Baron Hatherley|William Wood]]" |
|||
bar:Selborne |
|||
from: 1872 till: 1874 color:Liberal |
|||
from: 1880 till: 1885 color:Liberal text:"[[Roundell Palmer, 1st Baron Selborne|Roundell Palmer]]" |
|||
bar:Halsbury |
|||
from: 1885 till: 1886 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1886 till: 1892 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1895 till: 1905 color:Conservative text:"[[Hardinge Giffard, 1st Baron Halsbury|Hardinge Giffard]] |
|||
bar:Herschell |
|||
from: 1886 till: 1886 color:Liberal |
|||
from: 1892 till: 1895 color:Liberal text:"[[Farrer Herschell, 1st Baron Herschell|Farrer Herschell]]" |
|||
bar:Loreburn |
|||
from: 1905 till: 1912 color:Liberal text:"[[Robert Reid, 1st Baron Loreburn|Robert Reid]]" |
|||
bar:Haldane |
|||
from: 1912 till: 1915 color:Liberal |
|||
from: 1924 till: 1924 color:Labour text:"[[Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane|Richard Haldane]]" |
|||
bar:Buckmaster |
|||
from: 1915 till: 1916 color:Liberal text:"[[Stanley Buckmaster, 1st Baron Buckmaster|Stanley Buckmaster]]" |
|||
bar:Finlay |
|||
from: 1916 till: 1919 color:Conservative text:"[[Robert Finlay, 1st Baron Finlay|Robert Finlay]]" |
|||
bar:Birkenhead |
|||
from: 1919 till: 1922 color:Conservative text:"[[F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead|Frederick Smith]]" |
|||
bar:Cave |
|||
from: 1922 till: 1924 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1924 till: 1928 color:Conservative text:"[[George Cave, 1st Viscount Cave|George Cave]]" |
|||
bar:Halisham |
|||
from: 1928 till: 1929 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1935 till: 1938 color:Conservative text:"[[Douglas Hogg, 1st Baron Halisham|Douglas Hogg]]" |
|||
bar:Sankey |
|||
from: 1929 till: 1931 color:Labour |
|||
from: 1931 till: 1935 color:NatLabour text:"[[John Sankey, 1st Baron Sankey|John Sankey]]" |
|||
bar:Maugham |
|||
from: 1938 till: 1939 color:Conservative text:"[[Frederic Maugham, Baron Maugham|Frederick Maugham]]" |
|||
bar:Caldecote |
|||
from: 1939 till: 1940 color:Conservative text:"[[Thomas Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote|Thomas Inskip]]" |
|||
bar:Simon |
|||
from: 1940 till: 1945 color:NatLiberal text:"[[John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon|John Simon]]" |
|||
bar:Jowitt |
|||
from: 1945 till: 1951 color:Labour text:"[[William Jowitt, 1st Baron Jowitt|William Jowitt]]" |
|||
bar:Simonds |
|||
from: 1951 till: 1954 color:Conservative text:"[[Gavin Simonds, 1st Viscount Simonds|Gavin Simonds]]" |
|||
bar:Kilmuir |
|||
from: 1954 till: 1962 color:Conservative text:"[[David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Viscount Kilmuir|David Maxwell Fyfe]]" |
|||
bar:Dilhorne |
|||
from: 1962 till: 1964 color:Conservative text:"[[Reginald Manningham-Buller, 1st Baron Dilhorne|Reginald Manningham-Buller]]" |
|||
bar:Gardiner |
|||
from: 1964 till: 1970 color:Labour text:"[[Gerald Gardiner, Baron Gardiner|Gerald Gardiner]] |
|||
bar:Hogg |
|||
from: 1970 till: 1974 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 1979 till: 1987 color:Conservative text:"[[Quintin Hogg, Baron Halisham of St Marylebone|Quintin Hogg]]" |
|||
bar:Elwyn-Jones |
|||
from: 1974 till: 1979 color:Labour text:"[[Frederick Elwyn Jones, Baron Elwyn-Jones|Frederick Elwyn Jones]]" |
|||
bar:Havers |
|||
from: 1987 till: 1987 color:Conservative text:"[[Michael Havers, Baron Havers|Michael Havers]]" |
|||
bar:Clashfern |
|||
from: 1987 till: 1997 color:Conservative text:"[[James Mackay, Baron Mackay of Clashfern|James Mackay]]" |
|||
bar:Irvine |
|||
from: 1997 till: 2003 color:Labour text:"[[Derry Irvine, Baron Irvine of Lairg|Derry Irvine]]" |
|||
bar:Falconer |
|||
from: 2003 till: 2007 color:Labour text:"[[Charles Falconer, Baron Falconer of Thoroton|Charles Falconer]]" |
|||
bar:Straw |
|||
from: 2007 till: 2010 color:Labour text:"[[Jack Straw]]" |
|||
bar:Clarke |
|||
from: 2010 till: 2012 color:Conservative text:"[[Kenneth Clarke]]" |
|||
bar:Grayling |
|||
from: 2012 till: 2015 color:Conservative text:"[[Chris Grayling]]" |
|||
bar:Gove |
|||
from: 2015 till: 2016 color:Conservative text:"[[Michael Gove]]" |
|||
bar:Truss |
|||
from: 2016 till: 2017 color:Conservative text:"[[Liz Truss]]" |
|||
bar:Lidington |
|||
from: 2017 till: 2018 color:Conservative text:"[[David Lidington]]" |
|||
bar:Gauke |
|||
from: 2018 till: 2019 color:Conservative text:"[[David Gauke]]" |
|||
bar:Buckland |
|||
from: 2019 till: 2021 color:Conservative text:"[[Robert Buckland]]" |
|||
bar:Raab |
|||
from: 2021 till: 2022 color:Conservative |
|||
from: 2022 till: 2023 color:Conservative text:"[[Dominic Raab]]" |
|||
bar:Lewis |
|||
from: 2022 till: 2022 color:Conservative text:"[[Brandon Lewis]]" |
|||
bar:Chalk |
|||
from: 2023 till: 2024 color:Conservative text:"[[Alex Chalk]]" |
|||
bar:Mahmood |
|||
from: 2024 till: $now color:Labour text:"[[Shabana Mahmood]]" |
|||
}} |
|||
== Notes == |
|||
{{reflist|group=nb}} |
{{reflist|group=nb}} |
||
{{Notelist}} |
{{Notelist}} |
||
==References== |
== References == |
||
{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
||
==Sources== |
== Sources == |
||
*John Haydn and Horace Ockerby, ''The Book of Dignities'', third edition, W.H. Allen and Co. Ltd, London 1894, reprinted Firecrest Publishing Limited, Bath 1969, p. 352–358 |
*John Haydn and Horace Ockerby, ''The Book of Dignities'', third edition, W.H. Allen and Co. Ltd, London 1894, reprinted Firecrest Publishing Limited, Bath 1969, p. 352–358 |
||
*John Lord Campbell (1845) ''Lives of the Lords Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England''. 5th ed. (1868) London: Murray, [https://books.google.com/books?id=951RAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA317 vol. 10] |
*John Lord Campbell (1845) ''Lives of the Lords Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England''. 5th ed. (1868) London: Murray, [https://books.google.com/books?id=951RAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA317 vol. 10] |
||
*{{cite book |author1=Fryde, E. B. |author2=Greenway, D. E. |author3=Porter, S. |author4=Roy, I. |title=Handbook of British Chronology|edition=Third revised |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK |year=1996 |isbn=0-521-56350-X }} |
*{{cite book |author1=Fryde, E. B. |author2=Greenway, D. E. |author3=Porter, S. |author4=Roy, I. |title=Handbook of British Chronology|edition=Third revised |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK |year=1996 |isbn=0-521-56350-X }} |
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==External links== |
== External links == |
||
*[http://www.dca.gov.uk/lcfr.htm Department for Constitutional Affairs' list] |
*[http://www.dca.gov.uk/lcfr.htm Department for Constitutional Affairs' list] |
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Revision as of 04:09, 6 July 2024
The following is a list of lord chancellors and lord keepers of the Great Seal of England and Great Britain. It also includes a list of commissioners of Parliament's Great Seal during the English Civil War and Interregnum.
Lord chancellors and lord keepers of England, 1050–1707
11th century
- Regenbald (1050 – after 1066)
- Herfast (1068–1070)
- Saint Osmund, count of Sées and bishop of Salisbury (c. 1070)
- Maurice, Archdeacon of Le Mans (c. 1078)
- Gerard, Preceptor of Rouen, later Archbishop of York (c. 1085 – before 1091)
- Robert Bloet (after January 1091)
- William Giffard (1094–1101)
12th century
- Roger of Salisbury (1101–1102)
- Waldric (1102–1107)
- Ranulf (1107–1123)
- Geoffrey Rufus (1123–1133)
- Robert de Sigello (1133–1135) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- Roger le Poer (1135–1139)
- Philip de Harcourt, Dean of Lincoln (1139–1140)
- Robert of Ghent, Dean of York (1140–1141)
- William FitzGilbert (1141–1142)
- Robert of Ghent, Dean of York (1142–1154)
- Thomas Becket, Archdeacon of Canterbury, later Archbishop of Canterbury (1155–1162)
- Geoffrey Ridel, Archdeacon of Canterbury (1162–1173)
- Ralph de Warneville, Treasurer of York (1173–1181)
- Geoffrey, the Bastard, Plantagenet (1181–1189)
- William Longchamp, Bishop of Ely (1189–1197)
- Eustace, Dean of Salisbury (1197–1199) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- Eustace, Dean of Salisbury (1198–1199)
13th century
- Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury (1199–1205)
- Walter de Gray, at various times Bishop of Lichfield, Bishop of Worcester, Archbishop of York (1205–1214)
- Richard Marsh, later Bishop of Durham (1214–1226)
- Ralph Neville, Bishop of Chichester (1226–1240)
- Richard le Gras, Abbot of Evesham (1240–1242)
- Ralph Neville, Bishop of Chichester (1242–1244)
- Silvester de Everdon, Archdeacon of Chester (1244–1246) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- John Maunsell, Provost of Beverley (1246–1247) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- John Lexington (1247–1248) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- John Maunsell (1248–1249) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- John Lexington (1249–1253) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- Eleanor of Provence,[1][a] Queen Consort and Regent of England (1253–1254) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- William of Kilkenny (1254–1255) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- Henry Wingham, from 1259/1260 Bishop of London (1255–1260)
- Nicholas of Ely, Archdeacon of Ely (1260–1261)
- Walter de Merton, Archdeacon of Bath (1261–1263)
- Nicholas of Ely, Archdeacon of Ely (1263)
- John Chishull, Archdeacon of London (1263–1264)
- Thomas Cantilupe, Archdeacon of Stafford (1264–1265)
- Ralph Sandwich (1265) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- Walter Giffard, Bishop of Bath and Wells (1265–1266)
- Godfrey Giffard, Archdeacon of Wells (1266–1268)
- John Chishull, Dean of St Paul's (1268–1269)
- Richard Middleton, Archdeacon of Northumberland (1269–1272)
- Walter de Merton, Archdeacon of Bath (1272–1274)
- Robert Burnell, Bishop of Bath (1274–1292)
- Thomas Bek, Archdeacon of Dorset (1279) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- John Langton, Canon of Lincoln (1292–1302)
14th century
- William Greenfield, Dean of Chichester (1302–1305)
- William Hamilton, Dean of York (1305–1307)
- Ralph Baldock, Bishop of London (1307)
- John Langton, Bishop of Chichester (1307–1310)
- Walter Reynolds, Bishop of Worcester (1310–1314)
- John Sandale, Canon of Lincoln (1314–1318)
- John Hotham, Bishop of Ely (1318–1320)
- John Salmon, Bishop of Norwich (1320–1323)
- Robert Baldock, Archdeacon of Middlesex (1323–1326)
- William Ayermin, Bishop of Norwich (1326–1327)
- John Hotham, Bishop of Ely (1327–1328)
- Henry Burghersh, Bishop of Lincoln (1328–1330)
- John de Stratford, Bishop of Winchester (1330–1334)
- Richard Bury, Bishop of Durham (1334–1335)
- John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury (1335–1337)
- Robert de Stratford, Bishop of Chichester (1337–1338)
- Richard Bintworth, Bishop of London (1338–1339)
- John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury (1340)
- Robert de Stratford, Bishop of Chichester (1340)
- Robert Bourchier, 1st Baron Bourchier (1340–1341)
- Robert Parning (1341–1343)
- Robert Sadington (1343–1345)
- John de Ufford, Dean of Lincoln (1345–1349)
- John Thoresby, Bishop of Worcester (1349–1356)
- William Edington, Bishop of Winchester (1356–1363)
- Simon Langham, Bishop of Ely (1363–1367)
- William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester (1367–1371)
- Robert Thorpe (1371–1372)
- John Knyvet (1372–1377)
- Adam Houghton, Bishop of St David's (1377–1378)
- Lord Scrope of Bolton (1378–1380)
- Simon Sudbury, Archbishop of Canterbury (1380–1381)
- Hugh Segrave (1381) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- William Courtenay, Bishop of London (1381)
- Lord Scrope of Bolton (1381–1382)
- Robert Braybrooke, Bishop of London (1382–1383)
- Lord de la Pole (later Earl of Suffolk) (1383–1386)
- Thomas Arundel, Bishop of Ely (1386–1389)
- William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester (1389–1391)
- Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of York (1391–1396)
- Edmund Stafford, Bishop of Exeter (1396–1399)
- Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury (1399)
15th century
- John Scarle, Archdeacon of Lincoln (1399–1401)
- Edmund Stafford, Bishop of Exeter (1401–1403)
- Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Lincoln (1403–1405)
- Thomas Langley, Dean of York (1405–1407)
- Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury (1407–1410)
- Thomas Beaufort (1410–1412)
- Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury (1412–1413)
- Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester (1413–1417)
- Thomas Langley, Bishop of Durham (1417–1424)
- Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester (1424–1426)
- John Kemp, Archbishop of York (1426–1432)
- John Stafford, Bishop of Bath (later Archbishop of Canterbury) (1432–1450)
- John Kemp, Archbishop of York (1450–1454)
- Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1454–1455)
- Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury (1455–1456)
- William Waynflete, Bishop of Winchester (1456–1460)
- George Neville, Bishop of Exeter (1460–1467)
- Robert Stillington, Bishop of Bath (1467–1470)
- George Neville, Archbishop of York (1470–1471)
- Robert Stillington, Bishop of Bath (1471–1473)
- Laurence Booth, Bishop of Durham (1473–1474)
- John Alcock, Bishop of Rochester (1475) (Keeper of the Great Seal)
- Thomas Rotheram, Bishop of Lincoln (1475–1483)
- John Russell, Bishop of Lincoln (1483–1485)
- Thomas Rotheram, Archbishop of York (1485)
- John Alcock, Bishop of Worcester (1485–1486)
- John Morton, Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury (1486–1500)
1500–1654
Image | Name | Term of office | Monarch (reign) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Henry Deane, Archbishop of Canterbury, Keeper | 1500 | 1502 | Henry VII (1485–1509) | |
William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury, Keeper to 1504 | 1502 | 1515 | ||
Henry VIII (1509–1547) | ||||
Thomas Wolsey, Cardinal Archbishop of York | 1515 | 1529 | ||
Thomas More[b] | 1529 | 1532 | ||
Thomas Audley (Lord Audley of Walden from 1538)[b] |
1532 | 1544 | ||
Lord Wriothesley | 1544 | 1547 | ||
Edward VI (1547–1553) | ||||
Lord St John, Keeper | 1547 | 1547 | ||
Lord Rich[b] | 1547 | 1551 | ||
Thomas Goodrich, Bishop of Ely | 1552 | 1553 | ||
Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester | 1553 | 1555 | Mary I (1553–1558) | |
Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York | 1555 | 1558 | ||
Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper | 1558 | 1579 | Elizabeth I (1558–1603) | |
Thomas Bromley | 1579 | 1587 | ||
Christopher Hatton | 1587 | 1591 | ||
In commission:
|
1591 | 1592 | ||
John Puckering, Lord Keeper[b] | 1592 | 1596 | ||
Thomas Egerton, Lord Keeper to 19 July 1603 (Lord Ellesmere from 1603; Viscount Brackley from 1616) |
6 May 1596 |
5 March 1617 | ||
James I (1603–1625) | ||||
Francis Bacon, Lord Keeper to 1618 (Lord Verulam from 1618 Viscount St Alban from 1621) |
7 March 1617 |
1621 | ||
In commission:
|
1621 | 1621 | ||
John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln, Lord Keeper | 1621 | 1625 | ||
Thomas Coventry, Lord Keeper (Lord Coventry from 1628) |
1625 | 1640 | Charles I (1625–1649) | |
Lord Finch, Lord Keeper[b] | 1640 | 1641 | ||
Lord Lyttleton of Mounslow, Lord Keeper (Took Great Seal to the King in 1642) |
1641 | 1645 | ||
Richard Lane, Lord Keeper | 1645 | 1650 | ||
Charles II Court in exile from 1649 | ||||
Vacant | 1650 | 1653 | ||
Edward Herbert, Lord Keeper | 1653 | 1654 |
The Great Seal was captured and destroyed by Parliament on 11 August 1646.
Commissioners of Parliament's Great Seal 1643–1660
Image | Name[2] | Term |
---|---|---|
In commission:
|
Nov 1643 – Oct 1646 | |
In commission:
|
1646–1648 | |
In commission: | 1648–1649 | |
In commission: | 1649–1654 | |
In commission: | 1654–1656 | |
In commission: | 1656–1659 | |
In commission: | January–June 1659 | |
In commission: | June 1659 – 1660 | |
In commission: | 1660–1660 |
From the Restoration (1660) to the Act of Union (1707)
Lord Chancellor and Lord Keeper | Term of office | Other peerage(s) | Monarch (reign) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Edward Hyde | 13 January 1658 |
30 August 1667 |
Baron Hyde in 1660 Earl of Clarendon in 1661 |
Charles II (1660–1685) | |
Orlando Bridgeman[c] | 31 August 1667 |
17 November 1672 |
— | ||
Anthony Ashley Cooper 1st Earl of Shaftesbury |
17 November 1672 |
9 November 1673 |
|||
Heneage Finch (Lord Keeper until 1675) (Lord Finch from 10 January 1673, Earl of Nottingham from 12 May 1681) |
9 November 1673 |
18 December 1682† |
— | ||
Francis North[c] | 20 December 1682 |
5 September 1685† |
Baron Guilford in 1683 | ||
James II (1685–1688) | |||||
Lord Jeffreys | 28 September 1685 |
December 1688 |
— | ||
In commission: | 4 March 1689 |
14 May 1690 |
— | Mary II (1689–1694) & William III (1689–1702) | |
In commission: | 14 May 1690 |
22 March 1693 |
— | ||
John Somers (Lord Keeper until 1697) (Lord Somers from 1697) |
23 March 1693 |
27 April 1700 |
— | ||
In commission: | 27 April 1700 |
31 May 1700 |
— | ||
Nathan Wright[c] | 31 May 1700 |
11 October 1705 |
— | ||
Anne (1702–1714) | |||||
William Cowper[c] | 11 October 1705 |
4 May 1707 |
Baron Cowper in 1706 |
Lord high chancellors and lord keepers of Great Britain (1707–)
Timeline
Notes
- ^ Not Lord Chancellor as such, but exercised those functions as regent until she appointed William of Kilkenny; only woman to do so until Liz Truss was appointed in 2016.
- ^ a b c d e A former Speaker of the House of Commons.
- ^ a b c d Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
- ^ Lord Keeper of the Great Seal until 7 April 1713.
- ^ Lord Keeper of the Great Seal until 16 January 1761.
- ^ The Prince of Wales served as prince regent from 5 February 1811.
- ^ Charles Yorke, who had been associated with the opposition, was persuaded to accept appointment as Lord Chancellor and was to have been created Baron Morden. However on meeting with his erstwhile opposition colleagues he became ashamed of his action. He refused to sign the patent conferring the peerage on himself and then committed suicide.
- ^ a b A former Lord High Chancellor of Ireland.
- ^ First non-peer to serve as Lord Chancellor since Robert Henley as Lord Keeper of the Seal in 1760.
- ^ First woman to hold the office, and first to exercise its functions since Eleanor of Provence in 1254.
References
- ^ "Swearing In of the Lord Chancellor" (PDF). The Right Hon. The Lord Thomas of Cwmgiedd Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales. Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales. 21 July 2016. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ Cook and Wroughton, English Historical Facts, 1603–1688, pp. 8–9
- ^ Geoffrey Treasure, ‘Cowper, William, first Earl Cowper (1665–1723)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, January 2009 accessed 27 March 2009
- ^ "Dominic Raab resigns over bullying report". BBC News. 21 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
Sources
- John Haydn and Horace Ockerby, The Book of Dignities, third edition, W.H. Allen and Co. Ltd, London 1894, reprinted Firecrest Publishing Limited, Bath 1969, p. 352–358
- John Lord Campbell (1845) Lives of the Lords Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England. 5th ed. (1868) London: Murray, vol. 10
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.