Jump to content

List of neighborhoods in Seattle: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎Community clubs: Summarising section (leaving refs intact, but unchecked).
Line 8: Line 8:


=== Community clubs ===
=== Community clubs ===
Around the turn of the 20th Century, Seattle’s community clubs were influential in such areas as the organisation of public improvements. They had a significant impact on the character of their neighbourhoods, helping make them distinct from the surrounding areas. <ref>Wilma ([[21 May]] 2001, Essay 3198)</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>Wilma, ([[01 April]] 2001, Essay 3157)</ref>. There are also instances of community clubs using restrictive covenants to restrict the ethnicity of residents <ref>Wilma, ([[01 April]] 2001, Essay 3158)</ref> (See also [[Seattle neighborhoods#Covenants|Covenants]], below.)
Around the turn of the 20th Century, Seattle’s community clubs became influential in such areas as the organisation of public improvements. They had a significant impact on the character of their neighbourhoods, helping make them distinct from the surrounding areas. <ref>Wilma ([[21 May]] 2001, Essay 3198)</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>Wilma, ([[01 April]] 2001, Essay 3157)</ref>. There are also instances of community clubs using restrictive covenants to restrict the ethnicity of residents <ref>Wilma, ([[01 April]] 2001, Essay 3158)</ref> (See also [[Seattle neighborhoods#Covenants|Covenants]], below.)


=== Public libraries===
=== Public libraries===

Revision as of 13:17, 30 April 2009

Seattle, Washington, comprises many districts and neighborhoods. Seattle mayor Greg Nickels is among those who have called Seattle "a city of neighborhoods."[1][2][3] Early European settlers established widely scattered home sites on the surrounding hills. These hamlets grew into neighborhoods and autonomous towns. Conurbations tended to grow organically from such towns or from unincorporated areas around trolley stops from the 19th and early 20th centuries. Consequently, transportation and street-naming problems have affected Seattle ever since.[4]

How Seattle's neighborhoods are defined

Because Seattle was established amidst an economic boom fueled by the timber industry[5] (see Seattle#Timber town), the city's early years were characterized by hasty expansion and development, under which de-facto neighborhoods were loosely defined by widely scattered plats. However, over time, this arrangement was further defined and solidifed by the establishment of locally-initiated community clubs, public libraries, public schools, and public parks, which created a sense of community and civic participation.

Community clubs

Around the turn of the 20th Century, Seattle’s community clubs became influential in such areas as the organisation of public improvements. They had a significant impact on the character of their neighbourhoods, helping make them distinct from the surrounding areas. [6][7]. There are also instances of community clubs using restrictive covenants to restrict the ethnicity of residents [8] (See also Covenants, below.)

Public libraries

Establishing public library branches can also define districts as well as neighborhoods. Public libraries are among the most heavily used buildings.[9] Seattle has elected its city council at large since 1910, and an established way constituents voice their needs has long been through a variety of community clubs, which lobby council members for the interests of their neighborhood—such as for a library branch. Toward such an end, the community organizations build a voting constituency, and in so doing define a neighborhood. In the absence of ward politics, this and campaign finance legislation are seen as more open alternatives. The Greenwood-Phinney Commercial Club was particularly active in organizing toward the Greenwood branch that opened in 1928.[10]

The Lake City Branch Library of today started in 1935 as a few shelves of books in part of a room in Lake City School, shared with the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Sponsorship was by the Pacific Improvement Club community group. Scout Troop 240 and other volunteers moved thousands of books into a new building in 1955.[11]

Public schools

Elementary public schools effectively defined many neighborhoods, which are often synonymous with the name of the elementary school when the neighborhood and school were established. Thus, many of the neighborhoods listed below themselves contain a few smaller neighborhoods more closely defining child- and pedestrian-friendly social neighborhoods. Mann and Minor neighborhoods in Seattle's oldest residential neighborhood, the Central Area or Central District, grew up around their schools. The University Heights school (1903) in the north of the University District was named for the neighborhood, as was the Latona School (1906) in Wallingford.[12][13]

Public parks

Parks similarly define some neighborhoods. Madrona Beach and Cowen and Ravenna Parks were initially privately established to lure buyers to residential development, turning to advantage otherwise unusable land.[14] The grand plan for Olmsted Parks attracted residential development and significantly influenced the character of neighborhoods around various parks and playgrounds in the eras of pedestrians.[15] East Phinney and West Meridian neighborhoods are sometimes called Woodland Park, as well as South Green Lake or North Wallingford for Meridian.[16]

Covenants

Housing covenants became common in the 1920s and were validated by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1926. Minorities were effectively closely limited to the International District and parts of a few neighborhoods in SE Seattle for Asian- and Native Americans; or the Central District for Blacks, clearly defining those neighborhoods.[17] Ballard – Sunset Hills, Beacon Hill, Broadmoor, Green Lake, Laurelhurst, Magnolia, Queen Anne, South Lake City, and other Seattle neighborhoods and blocks had racially or ethnically restrictive housing covenants, such as the following representative sample:

"No person or persons of [any of several minorities] blood, lineage, or extraction shall be permitted to occupy a portion of said property" and usually "except a domestic servant or servants who may actually and in good faith be employed by white occupants"[18]

Further restrictions on conveyance (rental, lease, sale, transfer) were also often included, effectively clearly defining most of the neighborhoods in Seattle during much of their formative decades.

The Supreme Court ruled in 1948 that racial restrictions would no longer be enforced. The Seattle Open Housing Ordinance became effective in 1968. Though unenforcable, legal complications prevent the covenants from actually being expunged from property title documents.[18] Remaining unwritten real estate practices and bank redlining had largely diminished by the mid 2000s.

Wards and Little City Halls

Seattle initially adopted a ward system, then rejected wards in 1910 in favor of non-partisan, at-large representation. Variations on ward systems have since been proposed and rejected (in 1914, 1974, and 1995) amid concerns about future ward politics, and with eventual convictions for campaign-related money laundering (1998) after the 1995 campaign. Critics claimed, in each campaign, that district-style elections of the city council would result in Tammany Hall-style backroom politics. In 1973, inspired by Boston's model, Mayor Wes Uhlman's administration implemented a system of "Little City Halls," whose Community Service Centers (CSCs) were appointed the responsibility of coordinating municipal services. Uhlman's political enemies criticized the CSCs as a thinly disguised ward system designed to promote Uhlman's reelection.[19] CSCs would go on to become a setting for continual jousting between the city council and the mayor; controversies over accountability, cronyism, and ward politics would be hashed out in 1974, 1976, and 1988. In 1991 the CSCs were renamed Neighborhood Service Centers (NSCs) and were placed under the jurisdiction of the Department of Neighborhoods.[19]

Local Improvement Districts

A Local Improvement District (LID) is a method by which a group of property owners can share in the cost of transportation infrastructure improvements. This involves improving the street, building sidewalks, and installing a stormwater management system. Without Seattle's LID assessment system, the city would have been unable to keep pace with its often rapid expansions in population and territory.[20] LIDs have helped define neighborhoods by localizing decisions regarding sidewalks, vegetation, and other features of the public space, permitting the evolution of visual styles that vary from neighborhood to neighborhood.

Transportation

Minor arterials are generally located along the boundaries of neighborhoods; together with streets and highways built according to the street classification system.[21] These effectively help define neighborhoods in much the way rivers or canals did in the past.[22] Development in accordance with the street classification system helps maintain the livability of city neighborhoods as well as improving efficiency of the street transportation system, The layout of streets according to the classification system helps discourage higher speed "through" traffic from using local neighborhood streets, and local traffic from congesting regional travel.[23]

Transportation hubs, such as business zones and particularly transit stations such as Park and Ride facilities provide focal points for districts of neighborhoods in much the same way trolley stops (or their absence) defined neighborhoods before cars.

Informal districts

University District Neighborhood Service Center (storefront at right)

No official designations of neighborhoods or boundaries have existed in Seattle since 1910.[24] Districts and neighborhoods are thus informal; their boundaries may overlap and multiple names may exist for a given district, so those boundaries and names can often be subject to dispute and change. For example, a Department of Neighborhoods spokeswoman reported that her own neighborhood had gone from 'the 'CD' (Central District) to 'Madrona' to 'Greater Madison Valley' and now 'Madrona Park.'[3] Some neighborhoods, such as northwest Seattle, do not have widely-recognized names for their greater districts.

Throughout Seattle one can find signs indicating the boundaries of neighborhoods; the locations of these signs have been specified by the city's many community councils. However, the boundaries suggested by these signs routinely overlap and differ from delineations on maps. For example, local signage indicates that Lake City Way NE is the southeastern boundary of the Maple Leaf neighborhood,[25][26] while the city clerk's archival map places that district's southern boundary at 85th Street.[27] Another example of boundary ambiguity is "Frelard," which is what locals call the area shared by Fremont and Ballard between 3rd and 8th Avenues NW. Signs coming in opposite directions on NW Leary Way reveal the overlap.[28]

Further difficulty in defining neighborhoods can result from residents' identification with neighborhoods different from the ones suggested by signs and maps. After an acrimonious development dispute in 1966, a group of concerned Wallingford citizens enlisted the University of Washington Community Development Bureau to survey their neighborhood; the survey revealed that more residents of southwest Wallingford considered themselves citizens of Fremont than of Wallingford.[12]

List of districts and neighborhoods

Despite the above-mentioned complications in Seattle's system of neighborhoods and districts, the names and boundaries referred to in this article are generally accepted and widely used.[29] They are based on the Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas,[30] which in turn is based on a variety of sources, including a 1980 neighborhood map produced by the now-defunct Department of Community Development,[31] Seattle Public Library indexes, a 1984-1986 "Neighborhood Profiles" feature series in the Seattle Post-Intelligencer,[32] numerous park, land use and transportation planning studies, as well as records in the Seattle Municipal Archives.

North End

Neighborhood Service Center (NSC) storefronts cover Lake City-North Seattle, University District-Northeast Seattle, Greenwood-Northwest Seattle, and Ballard has one for itself. NSCs are also called Little City Halls.

Ballard neighborhoods (Ballard map [2], map North [3]), Ballard was a former town for 17 years.

  • Adams
  • Loyal Heights
  • Sunset Hill
  • West Woodland
  • Whittier Heights[33]

Lake City neighborhoods (Lake City map [4]), Lake City a former township for 5 years
Lake City neighborhoods are now also known as Sand Point-Magnuson Park and neighborhoods northwest of Sand Point.

  • Cedar Park
  • Matthews Beach
  • Meadowbrook
  • Olympic Hills
  • Victory Heights[34]

Northgate neighborhoods (Northgate map [5])

Northwestern neighborhoods

  • Greenwood
  • Broadview
  • The Highlands, a large gated community including expansive golf fields.

University District (University District map [6]).

In addition to the central, N, S, E, and W designations for the main campus of the University of Washington, the district has The Ave and now-obscure neighborhoods such as University Heights and University Park.[36]

Central city

NSC storefronts cover Capitol Hill, Downtown, the Central Area, Queen Anne, Magnolia, and Lake Union-Fremont.

Magnolia (Magnolia map [7], Central map [8])

  • Briarcliff
  • Lawton Park
  • Southeast Magnolia

Queen Anne (Queen Anne map [9])

  • East Queen Anne
  • Lower Queen Anne (the Counterbalance)
  • North Queen Anne
  • West Queen Anne

Capitol Hill (Capitol Hill map [10])
North Capitol Hill and Stevens were formerly Renton Hill.[7] Portage and Union bays are convenient boundaries.

  • Broadway
  • Madison Park
  • Montlake
  • Portage Bay (Roanoke or Roanoke Park)
  • Stevens (north Capitol Hill, Interlaken)

Cascade (Cascade map [11])
(Northlake is usually south Wallingford, remote from Old Seattle by Salmon, Portage, and Union bays.)

Central District, Central Area, or "the CD" (Central Area map [12])

Downtown neighborhoods (Downtown map [13])

South End and West Seattle

NSC storefronts cover Southeast Seattle (the Rainier Valley neighborhoods, the South End Lake Shore Communities, and Beacon Hill), West Seattle, Greater Duwamish, and Delridge

South End Neighborhoods (Rainier Valley map [14], map South [15])

  • Columbia City, formerly a town for 15 years, whose history is well preserved by the Rainier Valley Historical Society, at http://www.rainiervalleyhistory.org/
  • Hillman City (a burgeoning business district with an active business association at http://www.hillmancitybiz.org/)
  • Brighton (the lakeshore next to this neighborhood was once called Brighton Beach, but has since been subsumed into Seward Park by all residents and by the City of Seattle Department of Neighborhoods)
  • Dunlap (Othello)
  • Mount Baker.
  • Seward Park. Northern section sometimes referred to as "Lakewood"; entire neighborhood also sometimes referred to as "Lakewood/Seward Park" after the historic Lakewood Community Club, now called the Lakewood/Seward Park Community Club
  • Rainier Beach (Atlantic City Beach)
    • Rainier View (Lakeridge)[40]

Beacon Hill (Beacon Hill map [16])

  • North Beacon Hill
  • Mid Beacon Hill (term as used by City of Seattle, residents simply say "Beacon Hill")
  • New Holly (or Holly Park per City of Seattle)
  • South Beacon Hill (Van Asselt)

West Seattle (West Seattle map [17]), West Seattle formerly a town for 5 years

Delridge (Delridge map [18])

  • High Point
  • Highland Park
  • North Delridge
  • Riverview (South Seattle Community College)
  • Roxhill
  • Westwood (South Delridge)

Alphabetical list of neighborhoods

Annexation dates follow each name, unless the neighborhood was part of the original Old Seattle, that is, within the area of second incorporation, December 1869.[41]

Date is as of the actual annexation, not the date of the prerequisite enabling city ordinance. Neighborhoods of most of the largest districts are listed under their district, such as West Seattle and Delridge.

Annexations

Seattle annexed eight municipalities between 1905 and 1910, nearly doubling the area size of the city. Annexations by law were begun by the annexee and had to be approved by the Seattle City Council. The appeal of the inexpensive and accessible electric power and water system services of the public utilities were the primary motivations for the annexation movements.

Ballard was its own incorporated town for 17 years, annexed as its own ward. West Seattle incorporated in 1902, then annexed Spring Hill, Riverside, Alki Point, and Youngstown districts. It was the largest of the incorporated towns to be annexed. Southeast Seattle merged with the towns of Hillman City and York, then incorporated for the only reason of being annexed. Georgetown was the last of the small incorporated cities (towns, actually) to be annexed to Seattle before 1950.

  • Town of South Seattle, annexed 20 October 1905,
    • Neighborhoods of the Duwamish Valley, mostly industrial, except Georgetown
    • (Remaining enclave adjacent with Georgetown, 1921)
  • Town of Southeast Seattle
    • Rainier Valley neighborhoods except Columbia City
    • Hillman City
    • York[55] incorporated July 1906, annexed 7 January 1907
  • Town of Ravenna, annexed 15 January 1907
  • City of Columbia (Columbia City), incorporated 1892, annexed 3 May 1907
  • Town of South Park, incorporated 1902, annexed 3 May 1907.
  • City of Ballard, incorporated January 1890, annexed 29 May 1907
  • City of West Seattle, incorporated April 1902, annexed 24 July 1907
  • City of Georgetown, incorporated 1904, annexed 4 April 1910[51][56]
  • Lake City, incorporated township 1949, annexed January 1954[57]

Towns annexed 1905–1910

The following towns were annexed by Seattle from 1905 to 1910:

Future

Because of the cost of providing city services, low-density residential neighborhoods are net revenue losers to municipalities.[59] With the end of vehicle-license revenue subsidizing unincorporated areas, these have become increasingly orphaned.

In April 2004, the City Council voted to defer a decision on Mayor Nickels' proposal that Seattle designate the West Hill and North Highline neighborhoods, part of unincorporated King County, as potential annexation areas (PAAs), for at least a year. Because of the tax revolt that took place in Washington in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the county's budget has been shrinking, and the county has said it is unlikely to be able to maintain adequate levels of funding for urban services in unincorporated areas. The nearby city of Burien, however, has issued a 2004 draft report for its own annexation of all or part of North Highline.

North Highline, which abuts SeaTac, Burien, and Tukwila in addition to Seattle, consists of the Boulevard Park neighborhood and part of White Center. West Hill, which abuts Tukwila and Renton in addition to Seattle, consists of Skyway, Bryn Mawr, Lakeridge, and Earlington. Its population is 32,000.

On December 11, 2006, the Seattle City Council agreed to designate North Highline a "potential annexation area". [19][40]

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^ Greg Nickels (2005). "Nickels Newsletter - July 2005". Retrieved 2007-10-11. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ^ There is a book about Seattle by Arthur J O'Donnell, In the City of Neighborhoods, iUniverse, Inc., 2004), ISBN 0595337929.
  3. ^ a b Jack Broom (2002-10-05). "New Seattle map: There goes the neighborhood". Seattle Times. Retrieved 2007-10-11.
  4. ^ Phelps, p. 34; Chapter 16, "Street Names and House Numbering", pp. 225-235; Chapter 15, "Annexation", pp. 216–224, map "to 1921", p. 217; map "to 1975", p. 224, map key table pp.222-3.
  5. ^ Speidel (1967, 1978)
  6. ^ Wilma (21 May 2001, Essay 3198)
  7. ^ a b Wilma, (01 April 2001, Essay 3157)
  8. ^ Wilma, (01 April 2001, Essay 3158)
  9. ^ Wilma, (5 July 2002), Essay 3879)
  10. ^ Wilma, (01 April 2001, Essay 3157; 08 October 2002, Essay 3980)
  11. ^ Wilma, (05 December 2002, Essay 4031)
  12. ^ a b c d (1) Dorpat (1994), ch. 42, 58, 64 (Fremont); 36, 37, 42, 64, 71 (Latona); 36, 37, 42, 71 (University).
    (2) Dorpat (24 July 2001, Essay 3461){
  13. ^ Dorpat (1986), ch. 52
  14. ^ Wilma (20 August 2001, Essay 3502)
  15. ^ Williams
  16. ^ ""Lake Union"". Seattle Neighborhoods. n.d. Retrieved 2006-05-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help)
  17. ^ Hatt, Schmid, Nobbe, & Mitchell
  18. ^ a b (1) Gregory (2) Chardoul-Sutter et al
  19. ^ Phelps, pp. 82–84
  20. ^ American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standards for urban areas having more than 50,000 people
  21. ^ (1) ""Planned Arterials Map Legend Definitions"" (PDF). "Street Classification Maps". Seattle Department of Transportation. 2004-01-02. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help); External link in |work= (help)
    (2) ""Street Classification Maps"". Seattle Department of Transportation. 2005. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    High-Resolution Version, PDF format, 16.1 MB
    Medium-Resolution Version, PDF format, 1.45 MB 12 January 2004.
    Low-Resolution Version, PDF format, 825 KB 12 January 2004.
    "Planned Arterials Map Legend Definitions", PDF format. 12 January 2004.
    The high resolution version is good for printing, 11 x 17. The low and medium resolution versions are good for quicker online vewing. [Source: "Street Classification Maps, Note on Accessing These PDF Files"]
  22. ^ ""Street Classification Maps, Note on Accessing These PDF Files"". "Street Classification Maps". Seattle Department of Transportation. 2005. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help); External link in |work= (help)
  23. ^ Wilma (01 May 2002, Essay 3761), (20 March 2006, Essay 4246)
  24. ^ Maple Leaf: Neighborhood is another one of Seattle's best-kept secrets
  25. ^ MLCC - Neighborhood Map
  26. ^ ""Maple Leaf", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .jpg 2002-06-17. Retrieved 2009-04-27. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  27. ^ Dorpat, Paul (July 24, 2001). "Seattle Neighborhoods: Wallingford -- Thumbnail History". HistoryLink Essays. HistoryLink.org. Retrieved 2006-07-30. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
  28. ^ Other well-documented interpretations of names and boundaries of Seattle's neighborhoods can be found in the following:
    • "Seattle Neighborhoods" from the HistoryLink Encyclopedia of Washington State History (particularly their "Thumbnail Histories", many of which reference records of neighborhood organizations and public library branches).
    • Myra Phelps, A Narrative History (a history of Seattle through Engineering Department records and notes).
    • The "Neighbors" project of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer (1996-2000), currently updated as the "Webtowns" section of the online Post-Intelligencer.
    • Neighborhood articles in the archives of the Post-Intelligencer,[1] The Times, and local district newspapers. (Post-Intelligencer archives before 1986 are not available online. The Seattle Times archives before 1990 are not available online.)
    • "Street Classification Maps" from the Seattle Department of Transportation. The Transportation Department has built and designated secondary arterials (officially called minor arterials) predominantly along neighborhood boundaries.
  29. ^ "List of Neighborhoods". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
    Shenk, Pollack, Dornfeld, Frantilla, and Neman (authors of the Seattle Atlas) drew largely upon primary sources. Phelps is also a high quality secondary source, since much of her sources were Department archives of official documents and reports, in addition to professional journal articles, as well as books and articles back to the early 20th century. Phelps and Shenk et al have complete citations in this article's Bibliography.
    The Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas was "not designed or intended as an 'official' City of Seattle neighborhood map... [but] to define neighborhood district names and boundaries in a way that improves document indexing and retrieval." As such, some of its designations have no existence outside of the city's map and indexing system, such as Pike Market (Pike Place Market in actuality), Mann, Minor, and Mid Beacon Hill. In addition, the map's attempt to reduce the number of top-level districts has led to certain discrepancies from facts on the ground, such as Harrison/Denny-Blaine being included in the Central District and Madison Park being included in Capitol Hill.
  30. ^ Cline, Scott, City Archivist (n.d., ~2006; second edition). "Department of Community Development (1600)". "Seattle Municipal Archives Record Descriptions", A Guide To The Archives Of The City Of Seattle. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |work= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ The Seattle Post-Intelligencer's "Neighborhood Profiles" are not available online. The concept has been revisited 1996-2000 as the "Neighbors" project, currently updated as the "Webtowns" section.
  32. ^ ""Ballard", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .Jpg [sic] c. 2002-06-17. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    Maps "NN-1120S", "NN-1130S", "NN-1140S".Jpg [sic] dated 13 June.
  33. ^ ""Lake City", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .jpg 2002-06-17. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
  34. ^ ""Northgate", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .jpg 2002-06-17. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    Subsequent districts have so far not been given explicit citations, except as noted. Each district is linked after it is named, data is per the URL map of the Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas.
  35. ^ (1) University of Washington Computing and Communications, Facilities Services (modified 18 May 2005)
    (2) UW Publication Services & UW Facility Services (revised July 1996)
    (3) University of Washington Publication Services (revised September 1991), from August 1971, revised Sherman (August 1991).
  36. ^ (1) Merritt & Goldsmith
    (2) Judkins Foundation
  37. ^ "Pike Place Market" can refer to just the Main Arcade (1907), the original Main Market. The Pike Market neighborhood of historic buildings (17 acres) is nearly twice the area of the Pike Place Market Historic District (9 acres).
    (1) Lange (2006, Essay 1949)
    (2) Crowley (29 July 1999, Essay 102)
  38. ^ ""Downtown", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. Office of the Seattle City Clerk. n.d., map .jpg c. 13-17 June 2002. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    Maps "NN-1030S", "NN-1040S".jpg 17 June 2002, maps "NN-1120S", "NN-1130S", "NN-1140S".Jpg [sic] 13 June.
  39. ^ a b ""Rainier Valley", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. Office of the Seattle City Clerk. n.d., map .jpg c. 13-17 June 2002. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    Maps "NN-1030S", "NN-1040S".jpg 17 June 2002, maps "NN-1120S", "NN-1130S", "NN-1140S".Jpg [sic] 13 June.
  40. ^ (1) The State Legislature incorporated the town of Seattle in January 1865 and December 1869; disincorporated January 1867 after petition. The initial incorporation was with a board of trustees. The corporate-style board began with a tax (resented, and possibly leading to the petition for dissolution), followed by an ordinance "Concerning Swine" that began police regulation, followed by "Prevention of Drunkenness and Disorderly Conduct". The trustees later passed an ordinance calling for the removal of Indians and providing for the punishment of those who might harbor them. Another aimed at preventing "Reckless and Fast Driving Through the Streets" (before cars). The second incorporation was with a mayor and town council.
    (1.1) Lange & Tate
  41. ^ a b Phelps
  42. ^ 1940, 1954, Phelps
  43. ^ 1952, 1954, Phelps
  44. ^ 1883 and 1891, Phelps
  45. ^ 1891 and 1954, Phelps
  46. ^ E of 15th, N of E Galer, N of E Lynn, 1891, Phelps
  47. ^ See neighborhoods of Northgate; Phelps.
  48. ^ 1950 and 1954, Phelps
  49. ^ 1869, 1883, and 1891, Phelps
  50. ^ a b c Cline, Scott, City Archivist (n.d., ~2006; second edition). ""Annexed Cities (9100)"". "Seattle Municipal Archives Record Descriptions", A Guide To The Archives Of The City Of Seattle. Office of the Seattle City Clerk. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help); External link in |work= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  51. ^ 1953, Phelps
  52. ^ 1907, Phelps
  53. ^ Dates in preceding list except as noted are per Phelps.
  54. ^ (1) Rainier Valley neighborhoods south of Hanford Street to Rainier Beach at Kenyon Street, generally east of 24th Avenue S.
    (1.1) Phelps, pp. 216–218, 222–224
  55. ^ Phelps, pp. 216-218, 222-224
  56. ^ Wilma (5 December 2002, Essay 4031)
  57. ^ No sources have been provided for this section. accessdate may be 8 February 2005.
  58. ^ Phelps, pp. 216-224

Bibliography

Includes sources used for Seattle neighborhoods lists.

Further reading

  • Detailed city map, Seattle City Clerk's Office Neighborhood Map Atlas. Detailed city map, otherwise not titled.
    Click on a number or name for the more detailed north, central, or south city map or a map of a selected neighborhood.
  • ""Seattle City Clerk Thesaurus"". 2004. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
    Provides a language for indexing and retrieving legislation and other records in the City Clerk's Office. For more details on how to use the thesaurus, read the Introduction.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_neighborhoods_in_Seattle&oldid=287046509"