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{{short description|proton-pump inhibitor}}
{{short description|Stomach acid suppressing medication)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Drugbox
{{Drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
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| pronounce = {{IPAc-en|l|æ|n|ˈ|s|oʊ|p|r|ə|z|oʊ|l}} {{respell|lan|SOH|prə-zohl}}
| pronounce = {{IPAc-en|l|æ|n|ˈ|s|oʊ|p|r|ə|z|oʊ|l}} {{respell|lan|SOH|prə-zohl}}
| MedlinePlus = a695020
| MedlinePlus = a695020
| DailyMedID = Lansoprazole
| licence_US = Lansoprazole
| licence_US = Lansoprazole
| pregnancy_AU = B3
| pregnancy_AU = B3
| pregnancy_US = B
| pregnancy_US = B
| legal_US = OTC
| legal_US = OTC
| legal_US_comment = / Rx-only
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_UK = POM
| routes_of_administration = By mouth, [[intravenous therapy|IV]]
| routes_of_administration = By mouth, [[intravenous therapy|IV]]
Line 52: Line 55:
| C=16 | H=14 | F=3 | N=3 | O=2 | S=1
| C=16 | H=14 | F=3 | N=3 | O=2 | S=1
| molecular_weight = 369.363
| molecular_weight = 369.363
| smiles = FC(F)(F)COc1ccnc(c1C)CS(=O)c2[nH]c3ccccc3n2
| SMILES = FC(F)(F)COc1ccnc(c1C)CS(=O)c2[nH]c3ccccc3n2
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C16H14F3N3O2S/c1-10-13(20-7-6-14(10)24-9-16(17,18)19)8-25(23)15-21-11-4-2-3-5-12(11)22-15/h2-7H,8-9H2,1H3,(H,21,22)
| StdInChI = 1S/C16H14F3N3O2S/c1-10-13(20-7-6-14(10)24-9-16(17,18)19)8-25(23)15-21-11-4-2-3-5-12(11)22-15/h2-7H,8-9H2,1H3,(H,21,22)
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<!-- Side effects and mechanisms -->
<!-- Side effects and mechanisms -->
Common side effects include [[constipation]], [[abdominal pain]], and [[nausea]].<ref name=AHFS2019/> Serious side effects may include [[osteoporosis]], [[low blood magnesium]], [[Clostridium difficile infection|''Clostridium difficile'' infection]], and [[pneumonia]].<ref name=AHFS2019/> Use in [[pregnancy]] and [[breastfeeding]] is of unclear safety.<ref name=Preg2019>{{cite web |title=Lansoprazole Use During Pregnancy|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/lansoprazole.html |website=Drugs.com |accessdate=3 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref> It works by blocking [[Hydrogen potassium ATPase|H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase]] in the [[parietal cell]]s of the stomach.<ref name=AHFS2019>{{cite web |title=Lansoprazole Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lansoprazole.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |accessdate=3 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
Common side effects include [[constipation]], [[abdominal pain]], and [[nausea]].<ref name=AHFS2019/><ref name="Lansoprazole label" /> Serious side effects may include [[osteoporosis]], [[low blood magnesium]], [[Clostridium difficile infection|''Clostridium difficile'' infection]], and [[pneumonia]].<ref name=AHFS2019/><ref name="Lansoprazole label" /> Use in [[pregnancy]] and [[breastfeeding]] is of unclear safety.<ref name=Preg2019>{{cite web |title=Lansoprazole Use During Pregnancy|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/lansoprazole.html |website=Drugs.com |accessdate=3 March 2019 }}</ref> It works by blocking [[Hydrogen potassium ATPase|H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase]] in the [[parietal cell]]s of the stomach.<ref name=AHFS2019>{{cite web |title=Lansoprazole Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lansoprazole.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |accessdate=3 March 2019 }}</ref>


<!-- History and culture -->
<!-- History and culture -->
Lansoprazole was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 1992.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fischer |first1=Jnos |last2=Ganellin |first2=C. Robin |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=445 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA445 |language=en}}</ref> It is available as a [[generic medication]].<ref name=BNF76>{{cite book|title=British national formulary : BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|pages=79–80|edition=76}}</ref> A one month supply, in the United Kingdom, costs the [[NHS]] less than £5, {{as of|2019|lc=yes}}.<ref name=BNF76/> In the United States, the wholesale cost of this amount is about $5.40, as of 2019.<ref name=NADAC2019>{{cite web |title=NADAC as of 2019-02-27 |url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2019-02-27/s7c9-pfa6 |website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services |accessdate=3 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref> In 2016, it was the 141st most prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4 million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Top 300 of 2019 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |website=clincalc.com |accessdate=22 December 2018}}</ref>
Lansoprazole was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 1992.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fischer |first1=Jnos |last2=Ganellin |first2=C. Robin |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=445 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA445 }}</ref> It is available as a [[generic medication]].<ref name=BNF76>{{cite book|title=British national formulary : BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|pages=79–80|edition=76}}</ref> A one month supply, in the United Kingdom, costs the [[NHS]] less than £5, {{as of|2019|lc=yes}}.<ref name=BNF76/> In the United States, the wholesale cost of this amount is about $5.40, as of 2019.<ref name=NADAC2019>{{cite web |title=NADAC as of 2019-02-27 |url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2019-02-27/s7c9-pfa6 |website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services |accessdate=3 March 2019 }}</ref> In 2016, it was the 141st most prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4 million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Top 300 of 2019 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |website=clincalc.com |accessdate=22 December 2018}}</ref>


==Medical uses==
==Medical uses==
Lansoprazole is used for treatment of:<ref name="Lansoprazole label">{{cite web | title=Lansoprazole capsule, delayed release pellets | website=DailyMed | date=11 October 2016 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=c8fa7401-907f-41b6-a2e1-f4bc214f2cdf | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref>
Lansoprazole is used for treatment of:
* [[Peptic ulcer|Ulcers]] of the stomach and [[duodenum]], and [[NSAID]]-induced ulcers
* [[Peptic ulcer|Ulcers]] of the stomach and [[duodenum]], and [[NSAID]]-induced ulcers
* ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' infection, alongside [[antibiotics]] (adjunctive treatment), treatment to kill ''H. pylori'' causing ulcers or other problems involves using two other drugs besides lansoprazole known as "[[Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols|triple therapy]]", and involves taking twice daily for 10 or 14 days lansoprazole, [[amoxicillin]], and [[clarithromycin]]
* ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' infection, alongside [[antibiotics]] (adjunctive treatment), treatment to kill ''H. pylori'' causing ulcers or other problems involves using two other drugs besides lansoprazole known as "[[Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols|triple therapy]]", and involves taking twice daily for 10 or 14 days lansoprazole, [[amoxicillin]], and [[clarithromycin]]
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
* [[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hirschowitz BI, Mohnen J, Shaw S |title=Long-term treatment with lansoprazole for patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |journal=Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=507–22 |date=August 1996 |pmid=8853754 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.10152000.x |url=}}</ref>
* [[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome]]<ref name="prevacid24hr" />


There is no good evidence that it works better than other PPIs.<ref name=TI2016/>
There is no good evidence that it works better than other PPIs.<ref name=TI2016/>


==Side effects==
==Side effects==
Side effects of PPIs in general<ref>[http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/2137.htm#_200909 British National Formulary] (Free registration required) 1.3.5 Proton pump inhibitors</ref> and lansoprazole in particular<ref>[http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/129429.htm#_129429 British National Formulary] (Free registration required) Lansoprazole</ref> may include:
Side effects of PPIs in general<ref>[http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/2137.htm#_200909 British National Formulary] (Free registration required) 1.3.5 Proton pump inhibitors</ref> and lansoprazole in particular<ref>[http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/129429.htm#_129429 British National Formulary] (Free registration required) Lansoprazole</ref> may include:<ref name="Lansoprazole label" />
*Common: diarrhea, abdominal pain<ref>{{Cite web|title = Prevacid (Lansoprazole) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions - Prescribing Information at RxList|url = http://www.rxlist.com/prevacid-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm|website = RxList|access-date = 2016-02-09}}</ref>
*Common: diarrhea, abdominal pain<ref>{{Cite web|title = Prevacid (Lansoprazole) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions - Prescribing Information at RxList|url = http://www.rxlist.com/prevacid-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm|website = RxList|access-date = 2016-02-09}}</ref>
*Infrequent: [[dry mouth]], [[insomnia]], [[drowsiness]], blurred [[Visual perception|vision]], [[rash]], [[pruritus]]
*Infrequent: [[dry mouth]], [[insomnia]], [[drowsiness]], blurred [[Visual perception|vision]], [[rash]], [[pruritus]]
*Rarely and very rarely: [[taste]] disturbance, [[liver]] dysfunction, [[oedema|peripheral oedema]], hypersensitivity reactions (including [[bronchospasm]], urinary, [[angioedema]], [[anaphylaxis]]), [[photosensitivity]], [[fever]], [[sweating]], [[clinical depression|depression]], [[interstitial nephritis]], blood disorders (including [[leukopenia]], [[leukocytosis]], [[pancytopenia]], [[thrombocytopenia]]), [[arthralgia]], [[myalgia]], skin reactions<ref>K C Singhal & S Z Rahman, Lansoprazole Induced Adverse Effects on the Skin, Indian Medical Gazette, July 2001, Vol. CXXXV. N0. 7: 223-225</ref> including ([[erythroderma]]<ref name="bolognia">{{cite book |vauthors=Sterry W, Assaf C |chapter=Erythroderma |editor=Bolognia JL |title=Dermatology |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |page=154 |isbn=978-1-4160-2999-1}}.</ref> [[Stevens–Johnson syndrome]], [[toxic epidermal necrolysis]], [[blister|bullous eruption]])
*Rarely and very rarely: [[taste]] disturbance, [[liver]] dysfunction, [[oedema|peripheral oedema]], hypersensitivity reactions (including [[bronchospasm]], urinary, [[angioedema]], [[anaphylaxis]]), [[photosensitivity]], [[fever]], [[sweating]], [[clinical depression|depression]], [[interstitial nephritis]], blood disorders (including [[leukopenia]], [[leukocytosis]], [[pancytopenia]], [[thrombocytopenia]]), [[arthralgia]], [[myalgia]], skin reactions<ref>K C Singhal & S Z Rahman, Lansoprazole Induced Adverse Effects on the Skin, Indian Medical Gazette, July 2001, Vol. CXXXV. N0. 7: 223-225</ref> including ([[erythroderma]]<ref name="bolognia">{{cite book |vauthors=Sterry W, Assaf C |chapter=Erythroderma |editor=Bolognia JL |title=Dermatology |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |page=154 |isbn=978-1-4160-2999-1}}.</ref> [[Stevens–Johnson syndrome]], [[toxic epidermal necrolysis]], [[blister|bullous eruption]])


PPIs may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and ''[[Clostridium difficile colitis|Clostridium difficile]]''-associated [[diarrhea]].<ref name="prevacid24hr"/>{{rp|22}}
PPIs may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and ''[[Clostridium difficile colitis|Clostridium difficile]]''-associated [[diarrhea]].<ref name="Lansoprazole label" />{{rp|22}}


==Interactions==
==Interactions==
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==History==
==History==
{{main|Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors}}
{{main|Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors}}
Lansoprazole was originally synthesized at Takeda and was given the development name AG 1749.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fischer|first1=Janos|last2=Ganellin|first2=C. Robin|title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA102|language=en}}</ref> Takeda patented it in 1984 and the drug launched in 1991.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chorghade|first1=Mukund S.|title=Drug Discovery and Development, Volume 1: Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780471780090|page=201|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bu5IHnBxjxwC&pg=PA201|language=en}}</ref> In the United States, it was approved for medical use in 1995.<ref name="Mosby's">[http://www.mosbysdrugconsult.com/DrugConsult/Top_200/Drugs/e3230.html Mosby's Drug Consult: Lansoprazole]</ref>
Lansoprazole was originally synthesized at Takeda and was given the development name AG 1749.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fischer|first1=Janos|last2=Ganellin|first2=C. Robin|title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA102}}</ref> Takeda patented it in 1984 and the drug launched in 1991.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chorghade|first1=Mukund S.|title=Drug Discovery and Development, Volume 1: Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780471780090|page=201|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bu5IHnBxjxwC&pg=PA201}}</ref> In the United States, it was approved for medical use in 1995.<ref name="Mosby's">[http://www.mosbysdrugconsult.com/DrugConsult/Top_200/Drugs/e3230.html Mosby's Drug Consult: Lansoprazole]</ref>


== Society and culture ==
== Society and culture ==
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===Availability===
===Availability===
Since 2009, lansoprazole has been available [[Over-the-counter drug|over the counter]] (OTC) in the U.S. as Prevacid 24HR<ref>{{cite web | title=Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | website=DailyMed | date=7 August 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=fd4629d5-b876-4ae9-bb32-c3560ad416a9 | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | website=DailyMed | date=11 December 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=99a97004-e247-4f4d-a38c-f28f521de1c4 | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref> and as Lansoprazole 24HR.<ref>{{cite web | title=Lansoprazole 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | website=DailyMed | date=21 December 2017 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b5b4e61e-91c5-41bd-a16d-e25d9be2c87e | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref> In Australia, it is marketed by [[Pfizer]] as Zoton.{{cn}}
Since 2009, lansoprazole has been available over the counter (OTC) in the U.S. in a marketed by [[Novartis]] as Prevacid 24HR.<ref name="prevacid24hr">
{{cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/downloads/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/PediatricAdvisoryCommittee/UCM214713.pdf| title=Prevacid 24HR Label| date=May 2010| accessdate = November 15, 2014}}</ref> In Australia, it is marketed by [[Pfizer]] as Zoton.


==Research==
==Research==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/dpdirect.jsp?name=Lansoprazole U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal - Lansoprazole]
* {{cite web| url = https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/lansoprazole | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine| work = Drug Information Portal| title = Lansoprazole }}


{{Proton-Pump Inhibitors}}
{{Proton-Pump Inhibitors}}
{{Portal bar | Pharmacy and pharmacology | Medicine}}


[[Category:Benzimidazoles]]
[[Category:Benzimidazoles]]
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[[Category:Proton pump inhibitors]]
[[Category:Proton pump inhibitors]]
[[Category:Pyridines]]
[[Category:Pyridines]]
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[[Category:RTT]]
[[Category:Sanofi]]
[[Category:Sanofi]]
[[Category:Sulfoxides]]
[[Category:Sulfoxides]]
[[Category:Takeda Pharmaceutical Company]]
[[Category:Takeda Pharmaceutical Company]]
[[Category:Trifluoromethyl compounds]]
[[Category:Trifluoromethyl compounds]]
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[[Category:RTT]]

Revision as of 21:45, 31 December 2019

Lansoprazole
Clinical data
Pronunciation/lænˈsoʊprəzoʊl/ lan-SOH-prə-zohl
Trade namesPrevacid, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa695020
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth, IV
Drug classProton pump inhibitor
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability80% or more
Protein binding97%
MetabolismLiver (CYP3A4- and CYP2C19-mediated)
Elimination half-life1.0–1.5 hours
ExcretionKidney and fecal
Identifiers
  • (RS)-2-([3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.173.220 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC16H14F3N3O2S
Molar mass369.363 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityRacemic mixture
  • FC(F)(F)COc1ccnc(c1C)CS(=O)c2[nH]c3ccccc3n2
  • InChI=1S/C16H14F3N3O2S/c1-10-13(20-7-6-14(10)24-9-16(17,18)19)8-25(23)15-21-11-4-2-3-5-12(11)22-15/h2-7H,8-9H2,1H3,(H,21,22) checkY
  • Key:MJIHNNLFOKEZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Lansoprazole, sold under the brand name Prevacid among others, is a medication which reduces stomach acid.[2] It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome.[3] Effectiveness is similar to other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).[4] It is taken by mouth.[2] Onset is over a few hours and effects last up to a couple of days.[2]

Common side effects include constipation, abdominal pain, and nausea.[2][5] Serious side effects may include osteoporosis, low blood magnesium, Clostridium difficile infection, and pneumonia.[2][5] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is of unclear safety.[6] It works by blocking H+/K+-ATPase in the parietal cells of the stomach.[2]

Lansoprazole was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 1992.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[3] A one month supply, in the United Kingdom, costs the NHS less than £5, as of 2019.[3] In the United States, the wholesale cost of this amount is about $5.40, as of 2019.[8] In 2016, it was the 141st most prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4 million prescriptions.[9]

Medical uses

Lansoprazole is used for treatment of:[5]

There is no good evidence that it works better than other PPIs.[4]

Side effects

Side effects of PPIs in general[11] and lansoprazole in particular[12] may include:[5]

PPIs may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.[5]: 22 

Interactions

Lansoprazole interacts with several other drugs, either due to its own nature or as a PPI.[16]

Lansoprazole possibly interacts with, among other drugs:

Chemistry

It is a racemic 1:1 mixture of the enantiomers dexlansoprazole and levolansoprazole.[18] Dexlansoprazole is an enantiomerically pure active ingredient of a commercial drug as a result of the enantiomeric shift. Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life (1.5 h) is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects to the person (i.e. gastric acid suppression).[19]

History

Main article: Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors

Lansoprazole was originally synthesized at Takeda and was given the development name AG 1749.[20] Takeda patented it in 1984 and the drug launched in 1991.[21] In the United States, it was approved for medical use in 1995.[22]

Society and culture

Prevacid 30 mg

Patents

The lansoprazole molecule is off-patent and so generic drugs are available under many brand names in many countries;[23] there are patents covering some formulations in effect as of 2015.[24] Patent protection expired on November 10, 2009.[25][26]

Availability

Since 2009, lansoprazole has been available over the counter (OTC) in the U.S. as Prevacid 24HR[27][28] and as Lansoprazole 24HR.[29] In Australia, it is marketed by Pfizer as Zoton.[citation needed]

Research

In vitro experiments have shown that lansoprazole binds to the pathogenic form of tau protein.[30] As of 2015 laboratory studies were underway on analogs of lansoprazole to explore their use as potential PET imaging agents for diagnosing tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease.[30]

References

  1. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Lansoprazole Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  3. ^ a b c British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 79–80. ISBN 9780857113382.
  4. ^ a b "[99] Comparative effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors | Therapeutics Initiative". 28 June 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Lansoprazole capsule, delayed release pellets". DailyMed. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  6. ^ "Lansoprazole Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  7. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 445. ISBN 9783527607495.
  8. ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  9. ^ "The Top 300 of 2019". clincalc.com. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  10. ^ Hirschowitz BI, Mohnen J, Shaw S (August 1996). "Long-term treatment with lansoprazole for patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome". Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 10 (4): 507–22. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.10152000.x. PMID 8853754.
  11. ^ British National Formulary (Free registration required) 1.3.5 Proton pump inhibitors
  12. ^ British National Formulary (Free registration required) Lansoprazole
  13. ^ "Prevacid (Lansoprazole) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions - Prescribing Information at RxList". RxList. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
  14. ^ K C Singhal & S Z Rahman, Lansoprazole Induced Adverse Effects on the Skin, Indian Medical Gazette, July 2001, Vol. CXXXV. N0. 7: 223-225
  15. ^ Sterry W, Assaf C (2007). "Erythroderma". In Bolognia JL (ed.). Dermatology. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1..
  16. ^ British National Formulary (Free registration required) Lansoprazole interactions
  17. ^ Piscitelli, S. C.; Goss, T. F.; Wilton, J. H.; d'Andrea, D. T.; Goldstein, H; Schentag, J. J. (1991). "Effects of ranitidine and sucralfate on ketoconazole bioavailability". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 35 (9): 1765–1771. doi:10.1128/aac.35.9.1765. PMC 245265. PMID 1952845.
  18. ^ "Pharmacy Benefit Update". Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  19. ^ "Prevacid Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism". RxList.com. 2007. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  20. ^ Fischer, Janos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 102. ISBN 9783527607495.
  21. ^ Chorghade, Mukund S. (2006). Drug Discovery and Development, Volume 1: Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 201. ISBN 9780471780090.
  22. ^ Mosby's Drug Consult: Lansoprazole
  23. ^ drugs.com International availability of lansoprazole Page accessed February 3, 2015
  24. ^ drugs.com Generic lansoprazole Page accessed February 3, 2015
  25. ^ Prevacid drug patents
  26. ^ Teva to release Prevacid version when patent expires
  27. ^ "Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release". DailyMed. 7 August 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  28. ^ "Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release". DailyMed. 11 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  29. ^ "Lansoprazole 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release". DailyMed. 21 December 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
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