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{{Short description|Stomach acid suppressing medication}}
{{Short description|Stomach acid suppressing medication}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}}
{{Infobox drug
{{Infobox drug
| Watchedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 458267412
| verifiedrevid = 458267412
| drug_name = Selanz SR
| INN =
| type = <!-- empty -->
| image = Lansoprazole.svg
| image = Lansoprazole.svg
| width = 245
| width = 245
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| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|lansoprazole}}
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|lansoprazole}}
| MedlinePlus = a695020
| MedlinePlus = a695020
| licence_EU = yes
| DailyMedID = Lansoprazole
| DailyMedID = Lansoprazole
| licence_US = Lansoprazole
| pregnancy_AU = B3
| pregnancy_AU = B3
| pregnancy_AU_comment = <ref name=Preg2019 />
| pregnancy_AU_comment = <ref name=Preg2019 />
| pregnancy_US = B
| pregnancy_US_comment = <ref name=Preg2019 />
| pregnancy_category=
| pregnancy_category=
⚫
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral administration|By mouth]], [[intravenous therapy|intravenous]]
| dependency_liability =
| addiction_liability =
⚫
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral administration|By mouth]], [[intravenous therapy|intravenous]] (IV)
| class = [[Proton pump inhibitor]]
| class = [[Proton pump inhibitor]]
| ATCvet =
| ATCvet =
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| legal_UK_comment =
| legal_UK_comment =
| legal_US = OTC
| legal_US = OTC
| legal_US_comment = /&nbsp;Rx-only
| legal_US_comment = /{{nbsp}}Rx-only<ref name="Lansoprazole label" />
| legal_EU =
| legal_EU =
| legal_EU_comment =
| legal_EU_comment =
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<!-- Definition and medical uses -->
<!-- Definition and medical uses -->
'''Lansoprazole''', sold under the brand name '''Prevacid''' among others, is a [[medication]] which reduces [[stomach acid]].<ref name=AHFS2019/> It is used to treat [[peptic ulcer disease]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]], and [[Zollinger–Ellison syndrome]].<ref name=BNF76/> Effectiveness is similar to other [[proton pump inhibitors]] (PPIs).<ref name=TI2016>{{cite web|title=[99] Comparative effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors {{!}} Therapeutics Initiative|url=http://www.ti.ubc.ca/2016/06/28/99-comparative-effectiveness-proton-pump-inhibitors/|access-date=14 July 2016|date=28 June 2016}}</ref> It is taken [[Oral administration|by mouth]].<ref name=AHFS2019/> Onset is over a few hours and effects last up to a couple of days.<ref name=AHFS2019/>
'''Lansoprazole''', sold under the brand name '''Prevacid''' among others, is a [[medication]] which reduces [[stomach acid]].<ref name=AHFS2019/> It is a [[proton pump inhibitor]] (PPI), used to treat [[peptic ulcer disease]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]], and [[Zollinger–Ellison syndrome]].<ref name=BNF76/> Its effectiveness is similar to that of other PPIs.<ref name=TI2016>{{cite web|title= Comparative effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors | work = Therapeutics Initiative | publisher = Dept of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia |url=http://www.ti.ubc.ca/2016/06/28/99-comparative-effectiveness-proton-pump-inhibitors/|access-date=14 July 2016|date=28 June 2016}}</ref> It is taken [[Oral administration|by mouth]].<ref name=AHFS2019/> Onset is over a few hours and effects last up to a couple of days.<ref name=AHFS2019/>


<!-- Side effects and mechanisms -->
<!-- Side effects and mechanisms -->
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<!-- History and culture -->
<!-- History and culture -->
Lansoprazole was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 1992.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fischer |first1=Jnos |last2=Ganellin |first2=C. Robin |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=445 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA445 }}</ref> It is available as a [[generic medication]].<ref name=BNF76>{{cite book|title=British national formulary : BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|pages=79–80|edition=76}}</ref> In 2017, it was the 188th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than three million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title = The Top 300 of 2020 | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website = ClinCalc | access-date = 11 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Lansoprazole - Drug Usage Statistics | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Lansoprazole | access-date = 11 April 2020}}</ref>
Lansoprazole was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 1992.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=445 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA445 }}</ref> It is available as a [[generic medication]].<ref name=BNF76>{{cite book|title=British national formulary : BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|pages=79–80|edition=76}}</ref> In 2021, it was the 216th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2021 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=14 January 2024 | archive-date=15 January 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240115223848/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Lansoprazole - Drug Usage Statistics | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Lansoprazole | access-date = 14 January 2024}}</ref>


==Medical uses==
==Medical uses==
Lansoprazole is used for treatment of:<ref name="Lansoprazole label">{{cite web | title=Lansoprazole capsule, delayed release pellets | website=DailyMed | date=11 October 2016 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=c8fa7401-907f-41b6-a2e1-f4bc214f2cdf | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref>
Lansoprazole is used for treatment of:<ref name="Lansoprazole label">{{cite web | title=Lansoprazole capsule, delayed release pellets | work = DailyMed | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | date=11 October 2016 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=c8fa7401-907f-41b6-a2e1-f4bc214f2cdf | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref>
* [[Peptic ulcer|Ulcers]] of the stomach and [[duodenum]], and [[NSAID]]-induced ulcers
* [[Peptic ulcer|Ulcers]] of the stomach and [[duodenum]], and [[NSAID]]-induced ulcers
* ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' infection, alongside [[antibiotics]] (adjunctive treatment), treatment to kill ''H. pylori'' causing ulcers or other problems involves using two other drugs besides lansoprazole known as "[[Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols|triple therapy]]", and involves taking twice daily for 10 or 14 days lansoprazole, [[amoxicillin]], and [[clarithromycin]]
* ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' infection, alongside [[antibiotics]] (adjunctive treatment), treatment to kill ''H. pylori'' causing ulcers or other problems involves using two other drugs besides lansoprazole known as "[[Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols|triple therapy]]", and involves taking twice daily for 10 or 14 days lansoprazole, [[amoxicillin]], and [[clarithromycin]]
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
* [[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome|Zollinger–Ellison syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hirschowitz BI, Mohnen J, Shaw S |title=Long-term treatment with lansoprazole for patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |journal=Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=507–22 |date=August 1996 |pmid=8853754 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.10152000.x |s2cid=10668517 }}</ref>
* [[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome|Zollinger–Ellison syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hirschowitz BI, Mohnen J, Shaw S | title = Long-term treatment with lansoprazole for patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome | journal = Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics | volume = 10 | issue = 4 | pages = 507–522 | date = August 1996 | pmid = 8853754 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.10152000.x | s2cid = 10668517 }}</ref>


There is no good evidence that it works better than other PPIs.<ref name=TI2016/>
There is no good evidence that it works better than other PPIs.<ref name=TI2016/>


==Side effects==
==Side effects==
Side effects of PPIs in general<ref>[http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/2137.htm#_200909 British National Formulary] (Free registration required) 1.3.5 Proton pump inhibitors</ref> and lansoprazole in particular<ref>[http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/129429.htm#_129429 British National Formulary] (Free registration required) Lansoprazole</ref> may include:<ref name="Lansoprazole label" />
Side effects of PPIs in general<ref>{{cite web | url = http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/2137.htm#_200909 | work = British National Formulary | url-access = registration | title = 1.3.5 Proton pump inhibitors | access-date = 1 February 2012 | archive-date = 21 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200221070446/https://about.medicinescomplete.com/#_200909 | url-status = dead }}</ref> and lansoprazole in particular<ref>{{cite web | url = http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/129429.htm#_129429 | work = British National Formulary | url-access = registration | title = Lansoprazole | access-date = 1 February 2012 | archive-date = 21 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200221070438/https://about.medicinescomplete.com/#_129429 | url-status = dead }}</ref> may include:<ref name="Lansoprazole label" />
*Common: diarrhea, abdominal pain<ref>{{Cite web|title = Prevacid (Lansoprazole) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions - Prescribing Information at RxList|url = http://www.rxlist.com/prevacid-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm|website = RxList|access-date = 2016-02-09}}</ref>
*Common: diarrhea, abdominal pain<ref>{{Cite web|title = Prevacid (Lansoprazole) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions - Prescribing Information |url = http://www.rxlist.com/prevacid-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm|website = RxList|access-date = 9 February 2016}}</ref>
*Infrequent: [[dry mouth]], [[insomnia]], [[drowsiness]], blurred [[Visual perception|vision]], [[rash]], [[pruritus]]
*Infrequent: [[dry mouth]], [[insomnia]], [[drowsiness]], blurred [[Visual perception|vision]], [[rash]], [[pruritus]]
*Rarely and very rarely: [[taste]] disturbance, [[liver]] dysfunction, [[oedema|peripheral oedema]], hypersensitivity reactions (including [[bronchospasm]], urinary, [[angioedema]], [[anaphylaxis]]), [[photosensitivity]], [[fever]], [[sweating]], [[clinical depression|depression]], [[interstitial nephritis]], blood disorders (including [[leukopenia]], [[leukocytosis]], [[pancytopenia]], [[thrombocytopenia]]), [[arthralgia]], [[myalgia]], skin reactions<ref>K C Singhal & S Z Rahman, Lansoprazole Induced Adverse Effects on the Skin, Indian Medical Gazette, July 2001, Vol. CXXXV. N0. 7: 223-225</ref> including ([[erythroderma]],<ref name="bolognia">{{cite book |vauthors=Sterry W, Assaf C |chapter=Erythroderma |editor=Bolognia JL |title=Dermatology |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |page=154 |isbn=978-1-4160-2999-1}}.</ref> [[Stevens–Johnson syndrome]], [[toxic epidermal necrolysis]], [[blister|bullous eruption]])
*Rarely and very rarely: [[taste]] disturbance, [[liver]] dysfunction, [[oedema|peripheral oedema]], hypersensitivity reactions (including [[bronchospasm]], urinary, [[angioedema]], [[anaphylaxis]]), [[photosensitivity]], [[fever]], [[sweating]], [[clinical depression|depression]], [[interstitial nephritis]], blood disorders (including [[leukopenia]], [[leukocytosis]], [[pancytopenia]], [[thrombocytopenia]]), [[arthralgia]], [[myalgia]], skin reactions<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Salloum A, Nasr D, Maalouf D | title = Dermatologic adverse reactions to proton-pump inhibitors: A synthetized review | journal = Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 1073–1079 | date = April 2021 | pmid = 33031621 | doi = 10.1111/jocd.13763 | s2cid = 222236157 }}</ref> including ([[erythroderma]],<ref name="bolognia">{{cite book |vauthors=Sterry W, Assaf C |chapter=Erythroderma | veditors = Bolognia JL |title=Dermatology |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |page=154 |isbn=978-1-4160-2999-1}}.</ref> [[Stevens–Johnson syndrome]], [[toxic epidermal necrolysis]], [[blister|bullous eruption]])


PPIs may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and ''[[Clostridium difficile colitis|Clostridium difficile]]''-associated [[diarrhea]].<ref name="Lansoprazole label" />{{rp|22}}
PPIs may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and ''[[Clostridium difficile colitis|Clostridium difficile]]''-associated [[diarrhea]].<ref name="Lansoprazole label" />{{rp|22}}


==Interactions==
== Interactions ==

Lansoprazole interacts with several other drugs, either due to its own nature or as a PPI.<ref>[http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/41001i753.htm British National Formulary] (Free registration required) Lansoprazole interactions</ref>
Lansoprazole interacts with several other drugs, either due to its own nature or as a PPI.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/41001i753.htm | work = British National Formulary | url-access = registration | title = Lansoprazole interactions | access-date = 1 February 2012 | archive-date = 28 August 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210828140753/https://about.medicinescomplete.com/wp-content/themes/mc-marketing/assets/images/favicons-tiles/favicon.ico | url-status = dead }}</ref>
* PPIs reduce absorption of [[Antifungal drug|antifungals]] ([[itraconazole]] and [[ketoconazole]]) <ref>{{cite journal|pages=1765–1771|pmc=245265|year=1991|last1=Piscitelli|first1=S. C. |title=Effects of ranitidine and sucralfate on ketoconazole bioavailability |journal=[[Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy]] |volume=35|issue=9|last2=Goss|first2=T. F.|last3=Wilton|first3=J. H.|last4=d'Andrea|first4=D. T.|last5=Goldstein|first5=H|last6=Schentag|first6=J. J.|pmid=1952845|doi=10.1128/aac.35.9.1765}}</ref> and possibly increase [[digoxin]] in plasma
* PPIs reduce absorption of [[Antifungal drug|antifungals]] ([[itraconazole]] and [[ketoconazole]]) <ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Piscitelli SC, Goss TF, Wilton JH, D'Andrea DT, Goldstein H, Schentag JJ | title = Effects of ranitidine and sucralfate on ketoconazole bioavailability | journal = Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy | volume = 35 | issue = 9 | pages = 1765–1771 | date = September 1991 | pmid = 1952845 | pmc = 245265 | doi = 10.1128/aac.35.9.1765 }}</ref> and possibly increase [[digoxin]] in plasma
* Increases plasma concentrations of [[cilostazol]] (risk of toxicity)
* Increases plasma concentrations of [[cilostazol]] (risk of toxicity)


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==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
It is a [[racemate|racemic]] 1:1 mixture of the [[enantiomer]]s [[dexlansoprazole]] and levolansoprazole.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pharmacy Benefit Update|url=http://epharmacytechnicanschools.com/pharmacy-benefit-update/|access-date=2 July 2014}}</ref> Dexlansoprazole is an enantiomerically pure active ingredient of a commercial drug as a result of the ''[[Chiral derivatizing agent|enantiomeric shift]]''. Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life (1.5&nbsp;h) is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects to the person (i.e. [[gastric acid]] suppression).<ref name="RxList">{{cite web | url = http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/lansop_cp.htm | title = Prevacid Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism | year = 2007 | access-date = 14 April 2007 | publisher = RxList.com | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20000816224850/http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/lansop_cp.htm | archive-date = 16 August 2000 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
It is a [[racemate|racemic]] 1:1 mixture of the [[enantiomer]]s [[dexlansoprazole]] and levolansoprazole.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pharmacy Benefit Update|url=http://epharmacytechnicanschools.com/pharmacy-benefit-update/|access-date=2 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714200303/http://epharmacytechnicanschools.com/pharmacy-benefit-update/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dexlansoprazole is an enantiomerically pure active ingredient of a commercial drug as a result of the ''[[Chiral derivatizing agent|enantiomeric shift]]''. Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life (1.5&nbsp;h) is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects to the person (i.e. [[gastric acid]] suppression).<ref name="RxList">{{cite web | url = http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/lansop_cp.htm | title = Prevacid Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism | year = 2007 | access-date = 14 April 2007 | publisher = RxList.com | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20000816224850/http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/lansop_cp.htm | archive-date = 16 August 2000 | url-status = dead }}</ref>


==History==
==History==
{{main|Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors}}
{{main|Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors}}
Lansoprazole was originally synthesized at Takeda and was given the development name AG 1749.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fischer|first1=Janos|last2=Ganellin|first2=C. Robin|title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA102}}</ref> Takeda patented it in 1984 and the drug launched in 1991.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chorghade|first1=Mukund S.|title=Drug Discovery and Development, Volume 1: Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780471780090|page=201|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bu5IHnBxjxwC&pg=PA201}}</ref> In the United States, it was approved for medical use in 1995.<ref name="Mosby's">[http://www.mosbysdrugconsult.com/DrugConsult/Top_200/Drugs/e3230.html Mosby's Drug Consult: Lansoprazole]</ref>
Lansoprazole was originally synthesized at [[Takeda Pharmaceutical Company|Takeda]] and was given the development name AG 1749.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA102}}</ref> Takeda patented it in 1984 and the drug launched in 1991.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Chorghade MS |title=Drug Discovery and Development, Volume 1: Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780471780090|page=201|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bu5IHnBxjxwC&pg=PA201}}</ref> In the United States, it was approved for medical use in 1995.<ref name="Mosby's">{{cite web | url = http://www.mosbysdrugconsult.com/DrugConsult/Top_200/Drugs/e3230.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090208113930/http://www.mosbysdrugconsult.com/DrugConsult/Top_200/Drugs/e3230.html | archive-date = 8 February 2009 | work = Mosby's Drug Consult | title = Lansoprazole }}</ref>


== Society and culture ==
== Society and culture ==
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===Patents===
===Patents===

The lansoprazole molecule is off-patent and so [[generic drugs]] are available under many brand names in many countries;<ref>drugs.com [https://www.drugs.com/international/lansoprazole.html International availability of lansoprazole] Page accessed 3 February 2015</ref> there are patents covering some [[formulations]] in effect {{as of|2015|lc=yes}}.<ref>drugs.com [https://www.drugs.com/availability/generic-prevacid.html Generic lansoprazole] Page accessed 3 February 2015</ref> Patent protection expired on 10 November 2009.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/p/tradename/index.php?query=PREVACID&archive=2008 | title=Prevacid Drug Profile | publisher=Drugpatentwatch.com | access-date=30 April 2020 }}</ref><ref name="Teva">[http://www.marketwatch.com/story/teva-to-release-prevacid-version-when-patent-expires Teva to release Prevacid version when patent expires]</ref>
Patent protection of the lansoprazole molecule expired on 10 November 2009,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/p/tradename/index.php?query=PREVACID&archive=2008 | title=Prevacid Drug Profile | publisher=Drugpatentwatch.com | access-date=30 April 2020 }}</ref><ref name="Teva">{{cite web | vauthors = Witkowski W | date = 7 November 2008 | work = Market Watch | publisher = Dow Jones | url = http://www.marketwatch.com/story/teva-to-release-prevacid-version-when-patent-expires | title = Teva to release Prevacid version when patent expires }}</ref> and [[Generic drugs|generic formulations]] became available under many brand names in many countries.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.drugs.com/international/lansoprazole.html | title = International availability of lansoprazole | work = Drugs.com | access-date = 3 February 2015 }}</ref> Some [[formulations]] may not be available in generic form.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.drugs.com/availability/generic-prevacid.html | title = Generic lansoprazole | work = Drugs.com | access-date = 20 November 2023}}</ref>


===Availability===
===Availability===
Since 2009, lansoprazole has been available [[Over-the-counter drug|over the counter]] (OTC) in the U.S. as Prevacid 24HR<ref>{{cite web | title=Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | website=DailyMed | date=7 August 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=fd4629d5-b876-4ae9-bb32-c3560ad416a9 | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | website=DailyMed | date=11 December 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=99a97004-e247-4f4d-a38c-f28f521de1c4 | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref> and as Lansoprazole 24HR.<ref>{{cite web | title=Lansoprazole 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | website=DailyMed | date=21 December 2017 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b5b4e61e-91c5-41bd-a16d-e25d9be2c87e | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref> In Australia, it is marketed by [[Pfizer]] as Zoton.<ref>{{cite web |title=Zoton FasTabs |url=https://www.nps.org.au/medicine-finder/zoton-fas-tabs-orally-disintegrating-tablets |website=NPS MedicineWise |access-date=24 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
Since 2009, lansoprazole has been available [[Over-the-counter drug|over the counter]] (OTC) in the U.S. as Prevacid 24HR<ref>{{cite web | title=Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | website=DailyMed | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine| date=7 August 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=fd4629d5-b876-4ae9-bb32-c3560ad416a9 | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | work = DailyMed | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | date=11 December 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=99a97004-e247-4f4d-a38c-f28f521de1c4 | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref> and as Lansoprazole 24HR.<ref>{{cite web | title=Lansoprazole 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release | work = DailyMed | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | date=21 December 2017 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b5b4e61e-91c5-41bd-a16d-e25d9be2c87e | access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref> In Australia, it is marketed by [[Pfizer]] as Zoton.<ref>{{cite web |title=Zoton FasTabs |url=https://www.nps.org.au/medicine-finder/zoton-fas-tabs-orally-disintegrating-tablets |website=NPS MedicineWise |date=2 September 2019 |access-date=24 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref>


==Research==
==Research==
''In vitro'' experiments have shown that lansoprazole binds to [[Hyperphosphorylation|the pathogenic form]] of [[tau protein]].<ref name=Lancetrev2015/> {{As of|2015}} laboratory studies were underway on analogs of lansoprazole to explore their use as potential [[Positron emission tomography|PET imaging]] [[radiotracers|agents]] for diagnosing [[Tauopathy|tauopathies]] including [[Alzheimer's disease]].<ref name=Lancetrev2015>{{cite journal|last1=Villemagne|first1=VL|last2=Fodero-Tavoletti|first2=MT|last3=Masters|first3=CL|last4=Rowe|first4=CC|title=Tau imaging: early progress and future directions.|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|date=January 2015|volume=14|issue=1|pages=114–24|pmid=25496902|doi=10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70252-2|s2cid=10502833}}</ref>
''[[In vitro]]'' experiments have shown that lansoprazole binds to [[Hyperphosphorylation|the pathogenic form]] of [[tau protein]].<ref name=Lancetrev2015/> {{As of|2015}} laboratory studies were underway on analogs of lansoprazole to explore their use as potential [[Positron emission tomography|PET imaging]] [[radiotracers|agents]] for diagnosing [[Tauopathy|tauopathies]] including [[Alzheimer's disease]].<ref name=Lancetrev2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Villemagne VL, Fodero-Tavoletti MT, Masters CL, Rowe CC | title = Tau imaging: early progress and future directions | journal = The Lancet. Neurology | volume = 14 | issue = 1 | pages = 114–124 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25496902 | doi = 10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70252-2 | s2cid = 10502833 }}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web| url = https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/lansoprazole | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine| work = Drug Information Portal| title = Lansoprazole }}


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Latest revision as of 16:13, 8 March 2024

Lansoprazole
Clinical data
Pronunciation/lænˈsoʊprəzoʊl/ lan-SOH-prə-zohl
Trade namesPrevacid, others
Other namesAG 1749
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa695020
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth, intravenous
Drug classProton pump inhibitor
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability80% or more
Protein binding97%
MetabolismLiver (CYP3A4- and CYP2C19-mediated)
Elimination half-life1.0–1.5 hours
ExcretionKidney and fecal
Identifiers
  • (RS)-2-([3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.173.220 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC16H14F3N3O2S
Molar mass369.36 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityRacemic mixture
Melting point178 °C (352 °F) (decomposes)
  • FC(F)(F)COc1ccnc(c1C)CS(=O)c2[nH]c3ccccc3n2
  • InChI=1S/C16H14F3N3O2S/c1-10-13(20-7-6-14(10)24-9-16(17,18)19)8-25(23)15-21-11-4-2-3-5-12(11)22-15/h2-7H,8-9H2,1H3,(H,21,22) checkY
  • Key:MJIHNNLFOKEZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Lansoprazole, sold under the brand name Prevacid among others, is a medication which reduces stomach acid.[4] It is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome.[5] Its effectiveness is similar to that of other PPIs.[6] It is taken by mouth.[4] Onset is over a few hours and effects last up to a couple of days.[4]

Common side effects include constipation, abdominal pain, and nausea.[4][3] Serious side effects may include osteoporosis, low blood magnesium, Clostridium difficile infection, and pneumonia.[4][3] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is of unclear safety.[1] It works by blocking H+/K+-ATPase in the parietal cells of the stomach.[4]

Lansoprazole was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 1992.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[5] In 2021, it was the 216th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[8][9]

Medical uses

[edit]

Lansoprazole is used for treatment of:[3]

There is no good evidence that it works better than other PPIs.[6]

Side effects

[edit]

Side effects of PPIs in general[11] and lansoprazole in particular[12] may include:[3]

PPIs may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.[3]: 22 

Interactions

[edit]

Lansoprazole interacts with several other drugs, either due to its own nature or as a PPI.[16]

Lansoprazole possibly interacts with, among other drugs:

Chemistry

[edit]

It is a racemic 1:1 mixture of the enantiomers dexlansoprazole and levolansoprazole.[18] Dexlansoprazole is an enantiomerically pure active ingredient of a commercial drug as a result of the enantiomeric shift. Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life (1.5 h) is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects to the person (i.e. gastric acid suppression).[19]

History

[edit]
Main article: Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors

Lansoprazole was originally synthesized at Takeda and was given the development name AG 1749.[20] Takeda patented it in 1984 and the drug launched in 1991.[21] In the United States, it was approved for medical use in 1995.[22]

Society and culture

[edit]
Prevacid 30 mg

Patents

[edit]

Patent protection of the lansoprazole molecule expired on 10 November 2009,[23][24] and generic formulations became available under many brand names in many countries.[25] Some formulations may not be available in generic form.[26]

Availability

[edit]

Since 2009, lansoprazole has been available over the counter (OTC) in the U.S. as Prevacid 24HR[27][28] and as Lansoprazole 24HR.[29] In Australia, it is marketed by Pfizer as Zoton.[30]

Research

[edit]

In vitro experiments have shown that lansoprazole binds to the pathogenic form of tau protein.[31] As of 2015 laboratory studies were underway on analogs of lansoprazole to explore their use as potential PET imaging agents for diagnosing tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease.[31]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Lansoprazole Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  2. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Lansoprazole capsule, delayed release pellets". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Lansoprazole Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  5. ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 79–80. ISBN 9780857113382.
  6. ^ a b "Comparative effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors". Therapeutics Initiative. Dept of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia. 28 June 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
  7. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 445. ISBN 9783527607495.
  8. ^ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  9. ^ "Lansoprazole - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  10. ^ Hirschowitz BI, Mohnen J, Shaw S (August 1996). "Long-term treatment with lansoprazole for patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome". Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 10 (4): 507–522. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.10152000.x. PMID 8853754. S2CID 10668517.
  11. ^ "1.3.5 Proton pump inhibitors". British National Formulary. Archived from the original on 21 February 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
  12. ^ "Lansoprazole". British National Formulary. Archived from the original on 21 February 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
  13. ^ "Prevacid (Lansoprazole) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions - Prescribing Information". RxList. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
  14. ^ Salloum A, Nasr D, Maalouf D (April 2021). "Dermatologic adverse reactions to proton-pump inhibitors: A synthetized review". Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 20 (4): 1073–1079. doi:10.1111/jocd.13763. PMID 33031621. S2CID 222236157.
  15. ^ Sterry W, Assaf C (2007). "Erythroderma". In Bolognia JL (ed.). Dermatology. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1..
  16. ^ "Lansoprazole interactions". British National Formulary. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
  17. ^ Piscitelli SC, Goss TF, Wilton JH, D'Andrea DT, Goldstein H, Schentag JJ (September 1991). "Effects of ranitidine and sucralfate on ketoconazole bioavailability". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 35 (9): 1765–1771. doi:10.1128/aac.35.9.1765. PMC 245265. PMID 1952845.
  18. ^ "Pharmacy Benefit Update". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  19. ^ "Prevacid Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism". RxList.com. 2007. Archived from the original on 16 August 2000. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  20. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 102. ISBN 9783527607495.
  21. ^ Chorghade MS (2006). Drug Discovery and Development, Volume 1: Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 201. ISBN 9780471780090.
  22. ^ "Lansoprazole". Mosby's Drug Consult. Archived from the original on 8 February 2009.
  23. ^ "Prevacid Drug Profile". Drugpatentwatch.com. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  24. ^ Witkowski W (7 November 2008). "Teva to release Prevacid version when patent expires". Market Watch. Dow Jones.
  25. ^ "International availability of lansoprazole". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  26. ^ "Generic lansoprazole". Drugs.com. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  27. ^ "Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 7 August 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  28. ^ "Prevacid 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 11 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  29. ^ "Lansoprazole 24 HR- lansoprazole capsule, delayed release". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 21 December 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  30. ^ "Zoton FasTabs". NPS MedicineWise. 2 September 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  31. ^ a b Villemagne VL, Fodero-Tavoletti MT, Masters CL, Rowe CC (January 2015). "Tau imaging: early progress and future directions". The Lancet. Neurology. 14 (1): 114–124. doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70252-2. PMID 25496902. S2CID 10502833.
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