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''' Ann-Margaret''' (born 11 August 1775)
''' Ann-Margaret''' (born 11 August 1775)


'''Anna-Isabel''' (born 12 August 1778) married in 1792 Count [[Jan-Henryk Wołodkowicz]] (1765-18 ) and divorced hin in 1804.
'''Anna-Isabel''' (born 12 August 1778) married in 1792 Count [[Jan Henryk Wołodkowicz]]<ref>Notice that the family relations in the referred article "Jan Henryk Wolodkowicz" are incorrect. Anna-Isabel was the daughter of Peter Ferguson-Tepper and sister of Phillip-Bernard Ferguson-Tepper. </ref> (1765-1825) and divorced him in 1804.


'''Otto-Walter''' (4 November 1779). There is a portrait of him dated from the middle of the 1780s at the National Museum, Warsaw.
'''Otto-Walter''' (4 November 1779). There is a portrait of him dated from the middle of the 1780s at the National Museum, Warsaw.

Revision as of 08:51, 7 October 2010

Ludwig-Wilhelm Tepper de Fergus(s)on (Lewis-William Ferguson-Tepper, Tepper von Ferguson), 1768, Warsaw - 1838, Paris. Polish-German-Russian musician and composer, a music teacher associated with the Imperial Lycee in Tsarskoye Selo (near St Petersburg, Russia).

Origin of the family

Tepper de Ferguson was born in Warsaw as Lewis-William Ferguson-Tepper. His surname 'Ferguson' indicates Scottish origin of the family. Indeed, in 1703, William and George Ferguson of Inverurie emigrated from Scotland and came to Poland.[1] In 1714, William Ferguson married Katherina-Concordia Tepper, a sister of wealthy and influential merchant and banker, furrier and fur trader Pjotr Tepper of Poznan. Pjotr Tepper managed the large-scale international trade using family connections, and imported goods to Poland from many countries, including Britain.[2]

William Ferguson and Katherina-Concordia had three sons, one of which, Peter (1732–1794), entered in partnership with his maternal uncle Pjotr Tepper. In 1767 he was officially adopted by Pjotr Tepper under the condition to add the name Tepper to his name Ferguson.

In 1779, the Scottish and Polish branches of the family found each other. According to a James Boswell's column in a later (1786) issue of "The Scots Magazine", "In June 1779, he [Peter Ferguson-Tepper] had his arms matriculated in the Herald Office, London, and obtained permission to use the surname and arms of Tepper jointly with the surname and arms of Ferguson.[3] The father's writings being destroyed during the civil war in Poland, the son did not know from what part of Scotland his father came; and his Scots relations, not having heard from Poland for near fifty years, believed their friend in that country had died without issue; but the above paragraph in our Magazine caused them to make inquiry, when with equal joy they discovered other; and in a few months thereafter, Mr Ferguson Tepper came to Edinburgh to see them./.../Mr Peter Ferguson Tepper, of Warsaw is supposed to be the second banker in Europe. Mister Walter Ferguson writer in Edinburgh and he are brothers' children".[4]

Early years

Bernardo Bellotto.The Tepper's Palace,Warsaw

In 1763, Peter Ferguson-Tepper married Maria-Philippina Valentin (died 1792). The 1770s-1780s were the time of their prosperity. The Tepper's bank had partners in Holland, Italy, and Russia and undertook large-scale financial operations of international scale. Among their clients were Russian aristocrats and the Polish King Stanisław August Poniatowski whose army they financed. The splendid Tepper's Palace in Warsaw was depicted in 1770 by Bernardo Bellotto. In 1777, Peter Ferguson-Tepper became Treasurer and Agent of the Maltese Order[5].In 1787, the Teppers entertained the King Stanislaw-August Poniatowski in their county estate Falenty.[6] A recent research revealed the participation of the Teppers in the Scottish politics of the time: after the death of Princess Charlotte (1753–1789), the illegitimate daughter of Charles Edward Stuart (1720–1788, the last Scottish Pretender on the English throne), they acted as guardians for her children.[7] In the 1790, the Teppers were granted the rank of Polish Nobility.

According to Scottish and Polish sources, they had ten children, and Lewis-William born on the 10th December 1768, was their sixth child and the third son. His yearly years were spent in splendour of his parents' palace. He was intended for the Law, but spent his early youth travelling around Europe, studying in Stuttgart and Strasbourg, visiting Versailles. He spent several years in Vienna, where he studied music under Johann Albrechtsberger (1736–1809). He definitely met Mozart and Haydn.

The crash of Polish banks in 1793 destroyed the family. In 1794, during the riots in Warsaw, Peter Ferguson-Tepper was wounded and died. His death was mentioned in the correspondence of his Scottish cousin Walter Ferguson of Inverurie: "1794 - many relatives died this year: /.../cousin Peter Ferguson-Tepper in Warsaw..."[8] In those new circumstances, Lewis-William choose the career of a travelling musician, composer and music teacher. He launched his career in Hamburg, where he gave public concerts and in 1797 composed a Cantata on Friedrich Schiller's ode 'An die Freude'. In was probably then that he started to be called Ludwig-Wilhelm.

In Russia

In the late 1790s he came to St Petersburg, Russia, where the Tepper's bank used to have business partners and was well known to the Russian aristocracy. In order to make clear his relation to the banker family of Tepper, Ludwig-Wilhelm slightly modified his surname and introduced himself as Tepper de Ferguson. Under this name he became known in history of Russian culture. He was welcomed in Russian aristocratic society and at the Russian court. He gave music lessons to the Grand Dukes and Duchesses, brothers and sisters of the Emperor Alexander I. Many of his musical compositions which have been preserved in the libraries of St Petersburg, Vienna, Hamburg, Weimar, bear dedications to the famous members of St Petersburg society: the Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna (a sister of Alexander I), Princess Golitsyna, Countess Mniszek.

From 1802, he was a member of St Petersburg Philarmonic Society. He participated in the first St Petersburg performance of the Haydn's oratorio The Creation in 1805. In 1812, his own Oratory Te Deum was performed in St Petersburg.

Valerian Langer.Tepper's House in Tsarskoye Selo. 1820
Tepper's House in Tsarskoe Selo. Modern View

In 1803 he married Jeanette Severin, a daughter of a wealthy St Petersburg banker. They had no children, but they were bringing up Josephine Velho, Jeanette's niece, a member of the Portuguese merchant and banker family of José Pedro Celestino Velho[9].

From the 1810s, the Teppers lived permanently in Tsarskoe Selo. They had a house there which has survived and is still known as "Tepper's House". Tepper de Ferguson gave music lessons to Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden), the Consort of Alexander I.

File:Imperial Lycee-Museum music room.jpg
Display of the music room in the Museum-Imperial Lycee in Tsarskoye Selo. Modern view
L-W Tepper de Ferguson.'Six Years.' The Farewell Song of the first students of the Imperial Lycee in Tsarskoe Selo

From 1816, he also taught choir singing and music at the Imperial Lycee where among his pupils was Alexander Pushkin. Tepper composed music for the amateur theatrical performances which took place in the Lycee, and organised a choir of the Lycee students which gave informal performances in Tsarskoe Selo. In 1817, he composed music to the "Six Years, the Farewell Song of the First Students of the Imperial Lycee in Tsarskoe Selo", the words of which were written by Anton Delvig. The Farewell Song is one of the best-known Tepper's opuses. In 1818, he composed choral music for the consecration of the new Evangelical church in Tsarskoe Selo. In words of Wilhelm Küchelbecker, "Music, full of feeling and expression, is worth our honourable friend, good Tepper."[10]

Siblings and relatives

Along with Ludwing-Wilhelm himself, the Scottish and Polish documents record his nine brothers and sisters[11] which undicates an extended family with branches in many European countries. Scottish and Polish sources and recent genealogical research provide names and some information about them. I[12]:

Henrika-Katarina (born 24 May 1763) married in 1780 a young and wealthy financist Karol Shultz.

Charlotte Rosa (born 4 July 1764) was in her first marriage the wife of baron d’Axt, Minister of Prussia in Warsaw. Her second husband was M.Milashevich, Colonel in Russian military service.[13]

Elzbieta-Dorota (born 8 August 1765) married in 1783 August-Wilhelm Arendt.

Peter-Charles (Peter-Karol) (born 6 August 1766) married Marie Henriette Bоuè (р.1769), daughter of Pierre Boue (1738–1802), an influential banker in Hamburg. The famous French scholar, botanist and geologist Ami Boué (1794–1881) was a nephew of Marie-Henriette. The presence of close relatives in Hamburg and their influential position there was probably the reason for Ludwig-Wilhelm to launch his musical career in Hamburg.

Phillip-Bernard (1 August 1767–1829), a banker. In 1786 he was sent by his father to Edinburgh to study English. On the 5th July 1786 he was granted the citizenship of the city of Edinburgh.[14]. He died in Warsaw and was buried in the Evangelic Cemetery[15] in Powazki, Warsaw, which had been established in 1792 on the property of his brother-in-law Karol Schultz.

Daniel-Frederick (born 14 July 1772).

Ann-Margaret (born 11 August 1775)

Anna-Isabel (born 12 August 1778) married in 1792 Count Jan Henryk Wołodkowicz[16] (1765-1825) and divorced him in 1804.

Otto-Walter (4 November 1779). There is a portrait of him dated from the middle of the 1780s at the National Museum, Warsaw.

Last Years

In 1819, Ludwig-Wilhelm Tepper de Ferguson undertook a long European travel, probably visiting his numerous relatives. However, when in Paris (c.1820), Josephine Velho died in a tragic accident, and in 1823 his wife died in Dresden. Tepper de Ferguson returned to Russia for a short time, but left in May 1824. His last years he probably spent in France. French records document his marriage in Paris to Marie Catherine Adelaide Canel in August 1824.[17]

French genealogical materials indicate an extensive family of Pierre Charles Guillaume Fergusson-Tepper in Bavilliers, Haute, Saone, Franche-Comte. In 1819 he married Marie Elisabeth Gressien and they had 15 children. The double names of many of them include the names Pierre (Peter), Charles (Carol), Marie Philippine and Philipp.[18] Thus it is possible to suppose that they were a French branch of the internationally extended family, Pierre-Charles being a Ludwig-Wilhelm's nephew. Two children were called Adelaide Catherine Fergusson-Tepper (1826–1854) and Louis Guillaume Edouard Fergusson-Tepper (1837–1890) which indicates that they might have been god-children of Lidwig-Wilhelm and his second wife. Nothing is known so far about musical or any other Tepper's activity in France. In 1838, he died in Paris.

Legacy and selected Compositions

In Russia, Tepper is immediately recognised as Alexander Pushkin's music teacher. But in the wider context of Russian and European cultural life of that time, his efforts to introduce the Haydn's "Creation" to Russian audience seem even more important. Tepper's chamber music is well known in Russia and Europe and it is constantly performed. His "Farewell Song" is traditionally performed at the Museum-Pushkin's Lycee in Tsarskoe Selo yearly, on the 19th October (the anniversary of the inauguration of the Lycee in 1811). The notes of Tepper's music have been preserved in the music libraries of St Petersburg, Hamburg, Vienna.

  • An die Freude, Berlin, 1797;
  • Zwelf Deutsche Lieders von den besten Dichtern. Hamburg, 1798;
  • Neuf Variations sur l’air de la Pastorale de Nina pour Le Clavecine ou Forte Piano. 1798;
  • Romance de l’opera Une folie de Mehul variée tres humblemeneut.
  • 'Six Years. The Farewell Song of the First Students of the Imperial Lycee in Tsarskoe Selo. 1817.
  • Sonata in D. Piano 4 hands.1818;
  • Variations sur l’air Loin de toi ma Felicie / composées et dediées à Madame la Princesse Galizin née Princesse Wiazemski. с.1820;
  • Variations sur une romance de la composition de Madame la Princesse Kourakin née Comtesse Golowin.ок.1820;
  • Variations Sur un air de danse de Monsieur l’abbé Vogler / composées et dediées à Madame A. E. De Pestel, née de Kroock.ок.1820;
  • Variations Sur une Romance de la composition de Mademoiselle S. de K. (cinq ans y a que connais ma Delphine): c.1820.

Literature

  • Грот Я. Пушкин, его лицейские товарищи и наставники. СПб.1887(Yakov Grot. Pushkin, ego lizeyskie tovarishchi i nastavniki(Pushkin, his Lycee friends and Tutors. SPb, 1887).
  • Ступель А. Лицейский учитель пения./Пушкин: Исследования и материалы.М-Л.1960. Т.3. (Stupel' A. Liceyski uchitel' peniya (A Lycee Music teacher)./In: Pushkin. Researches and Materials. Moscow-Leningrad, 1960. Vol.3).
  • Руденские М.П. и С.Д. Наставникам...за благо воздадим. Л.1986. (Rydensky M and S. Nastavnikam... za blago vozdadim (Let's thank our tutors....Leningrad, 1986).
  • Яценко О.А. Учитель пения: Штрихи к биографии Л-В Теппера де Фергюсона./Дома у Пушкина. СПб,1994. (Yatsenko O.A. Uchitel' peniya: shtrikhi k biografii L-W Teppera de Fergusona (The music teacher: some additions to the biography of L-W Tepper de Ferguson). In: At Pushkin's home. SPb, 1994).

Records

Oleg Timofeyev. Talisman, Music of Russian Princesses: From the Court of Catherine the Great (Dorian Records, 2001)[2]

References

  1. ^ Fischer Th A. The Scots in Germany. Being a contribution towards the history of the Scot abroad. 1902; Campbell Lock. Ferguson of Inverurie: Ferguson-Tepper. Notes And Queries. S.III. June 24, 1911. P.489
  2. ^ Smolenski Wladislaw. Miezczanstwo warszawskie w koncu XVIII w. Warszawa. 1976. с.79.
  3. ^ The Scots Magazine, Vol.41, 1779. P.341
  4. ^ The Scots Magazine, Vol.48, 1786. P.364
  5. ^ Pininsky, Peter. The Stuart's Last Secret. P.65; The Scottish Antiquary, or, Northern Notes and Queries. 1889.
  6. ^ Rogowski Wojciech. Fergusson-Tepper’s Falenty: the episode of free banking in Poland in the 18th century.- [1].
  7. ^ Pininski, Peter, The Stuarts' Last Secret. Tuckwell Press, 2001; Corp Ed.[ed.] The Stuart Court in Rome: The Legacy of Exile. 2003.
  8. ^ Davidson, John. Inverurie and the Earldom of the Garioch. Edinburgh, 1878. P.482.
  9. ^ http://darussia.blogspot.com/2007/06/os-velho-na-rssia.html
  10. ^ «Сын отечества» (Syn Otechestva, Son of the Vatherland), 1818. Part 49, № 45, P. 332.
  11. ^ http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~colin/Ferguson/DNA/GEN/Inverurie.
  12. ^ http://dna.cfsna.net/GEN/Inverurie.html. Last access 05.10.2010; Smolenski, Wladislaw. Mieszczanstwo warszawskie w koncu XVIII w. Warszawa, 1976. S.79; www.familysearch.com
  13. ^ Ferguson of Inverurie.-http://dna.cfsna.net/GEN/Inverurie.html. Last access 2.10.2010.
  14. ^ The Scots Magazine, Vol.48, 1786. P.364; Davidson, John. Inverurie and the Earldom of the Garioch. Edinburgh, 1878. P.483.
  15. ^ Spis pochowanych na cmentarzu ewangelicko-reformowanym w Warszawie. http://sowa.website.pl/cmentarium/Cmentarze/spisKalw.html
  16. ^ Notice that the family relations in the referred article "Jan Henryk Wolodkowicz" are incorrect. Anna-Isabel was the daughter of Peter Ferguson-Tepper and sister of Phillip-Bernard Ferguson-Tepper.
  17. ^ Paris, France & Vicinity Marriages, 1700-1907. Record for Louis Guillaume de Tepper Ferguson./www.ancestry.com. Last access 02.10.2010.
  18. ^ http://www.familysearch.org/eng. Last access 02.10.2010

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