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Coordinates: 19°17′46″N 72°53′18″E / 19.2962°N 72.8883°E / 19.2962; 72.8883
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{{Short description|Historic fort in Thane, India}}
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'''Ghodbunder Fort''' is a fort located in '''Ghodbunder Village''', [[Thane]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]], on the hill just south of the [[Ulhas River]]. It was built by the Portuguese and then occupied by the [[Maratha Empire]], before being used as the [[East India Company]]'s district headquarters. The place was called Ghodbunder because it was where the Portuguese used to trade for ghode (horses) with the [[Arabs]]. Hence the name Ghodbunder: ghode (horses) & bunder (port).
[[File:Ghodbunder Fort.jpg|thumb|left|Ghodbunder fort bastion and walls]]
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'''Ghodbunder Fort''' is a fort located in '''Ghodbunder Village''', [[Thane]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]], on the hill just south of the [[Ulhas River]]. It was built by the Portuguese, occupied by the [[Maratha Empire]], and became the [[East India Company]]'s district headquarters. The place was called Ghodbunder because it was where the Portuguese used to trade for ghode (horses) with the Arabs. Hence the name Ghodbunder: ghode (horses) & bunder (port).


== History ==
In 1530 the Portuguese came to Thane, and they began fortifying the hill area about 1550, but completion of the fort in its current form was in 1730. The Portuguese name for the fort was Cacabe de Tanna. It was under Portuguese rule until 1737. The Portuguese built a church in the fort that still stands,<ref name="charm">{{cite book|last=Karkari |first=R.P.|title=The Charm of Bombay |publisher=READ BOOKS|year=2008|pages=423|isbn=1-4097-9294-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7NRZidhAnEC&pg=PA423&dq=Ghodbunder+fort&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a#PPA423,M1|accessdate=27 March 2009}}</ref> and is now used as a hotel. Two angels engraved on the inside wall of the church still remains. The old church can be seen clearly in the background of the courtyard photo.
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[[File:Ghodbunder Fort.jpg|thumb|left|Ghodbunder fort bastion and walls]]In 1530 the Portuguese arrived in Thane, and began fortifying the hill area as early as 1550. There are many old maps and texts which mention continual attempts by the Marathas to capture the fort, which the Portuguese had named 'Cacabe de Tanna'. The Portuguese were able to successfully defend these attacks for many years,<ref name="midday">{{cite news |last=Ashar |first=Hemal |date=2007-12-03 |title=Mid-day |url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2007/dec/799975.htm |access-date=2009-03-30}}</ref> including an attack in 1672 by the powerful forces of [[Chhatrapati Shivaji]]. The fort as it seen today was completed in 1730 and the church in the fort still stands,<ref name="charm">{{cite book |last=Karkari |first=R.P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7NRZidhAnEC&dq=Ghodbunder+fort&pg=PA423 |title=The Charm of Bombay |publisher=READ BOOKS |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4097-9294-9 |pages=423 |access-date=27 March 2009}}</ref> and is now used as a hotel. The fort remained under Portuguese rule until the [[Maratha Empire]], under military commander [[Chimaji Appa]], successfully besieged the fort and took it over from the Portuguese in 1737.<ref name="midday" /><ref name="inc">{{cite web |title=Incredible India: Places to Visit Maharashtra: Ghodbunder (43 Km.) |url=http://www.incredibleindia.org/newsite/cms_page.asp?pageid=1321 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014060655/http://incredibleindia.org/newsite/cms_page.asp?pageid=1321 |archive-date=14 October 2007}}</ref> Following its capture, [[Shahu I]] ordered the strengthening of the fortifications, initiating the construction of the tower.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}


⚫
In 1818, the British occupied the fort and made it the headquarters of the district administration for the [[Company rule in India|East Indian Company]], with a district collector stationed in [[Thane district|Thane]].<ref name="cyber">{{cite news|title=History becomes mystery|last=Rao|first=Shilpa|date=17 May 2007|url=http://www.cybernoon.com/DisplayArticle.asp?section=xtras&subsection=bombayfirst&xfile=May2007_extraspecial_standard806&child=extraspecial|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070808020334/http://www.cybernoon.com/DisplayArticle.asp?section=xtras&subsection=bombayfirst&xfile=May2007_extraspecial_standard806&child=extraspecial|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 August 2007}}</ref>
⚫
There are many old maps and texts which mention continual attempts by the Marathas to capture this fort. The Portuguese were able to defend Ghodbunder Fort from these attacks successfully for many years,<ref name="midday ">{{cite news|url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2007/dec/799975.htm|title=Mid-day|last=Ashar|first=Hemal|date=2007-12-03|accessdate=2009-03-30}}</ref> including the attack in 1672 by the forces of [[Shivaji]]. However, the Marathas under [[Chimnaji Appa]] successfully besieged the fort and took it over from the Portuguese in 1737.<ref name="midday " /><ref name="inc">{{cite web|title=Incredible India: Places to Visit Maharashtra: Ghodbunder (43 Km.)|url=http://www.incredibleindia.org/newsite/cms_page.asp?pageid=1321|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014060655/http://incredibleindia.org/newsite/cms_page.asp?pageid=1321|archivedate=14 October 2007|deadurl=no}}</ref> Following its capture, [[Sambhaji]] ordered the strengthening of the fortifications, initiating the construction of the tower.


⚫
Although the fort currently lies in ruins, the government of India set out plans for its renovation in 2014, including the beautification and landscaping of approximately 4 acres of surrounding land.<ref name="Mehta">{{Cite news|author=Mehta, Rajshri|title=Plans afoot to beautify ruined Ghodbunder Fort|date=31 January 2014|newspaper=The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202082855/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archive-date=2 February 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The fort itself is under the control of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI).<ref name="Mehta" />
⚫
In 1818, the British occupied the fort and made it the headquarters of the district administration for the [[Company rule in India|East Indian Company]], with a district collector stationed in Thane.<ref name="cyber">{{cite news|title=History becomes mystery|last=Rao|first=Shilpa|date=17 May 2007|url=http://www.cybernoon.com/DisplayArticle.asp?section=xtras&subsection=bombayfirst&xfile=May2007_extraspecial_standard806&child=extraspecial|archive-url=https://archive.is/20070808020334/http://www.cybernoon.com/DisplayArticle.asp?section=xtras&subsection=bombayfirst&xfile=May2007_extraspecial_standard806&child=extraspecial|dead-url=yes|archive-date=8 August 2007}}</ref>

⚫
Currently the fort lies in ruins, but there has been some renovation work started by the Government to preserve it.<ref name="Mehta">{{Cite news|author=Mehta, Rajshri|title=Plans afoot to beautify ruined Ghodbunder Fort|date=31 January 2014|newspaper=The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202082855/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Plans-afoot-to-beautify-ruined-Ghodbunder-Fort/articleshow/29635859.cms|archivedate=2 February 2014|deadurl=no|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The fort itself is under the control of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI).<ref name="Mehta" />


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{{clear}}

== Restoration ==
Under the Government of Maharashtra; Department of Cultural Affairs; Directorate of Archaeology and Museums' ''''''Adopt the Monument Scheme'''''<nowiki/>' the fort was adopted by the [[Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation]]. The State Archaeology appointed [https://sankraman.com '''SANKRAMAN Design Studio'''] as the heritage conservation architect. They are empanelled architects with [[Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation]] & also empanelled as heritage conservation architects with the Directorate of Archaeology and Museums. There have been multiple interventions during the restoration process. On 22-Jun-2024 a new discovery was made when an unknown and lost underground chamber was discovered.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nair |first=Sandhya |date=2024-06-22 |title=Workers unearth hidden chamber at 16th-century Ghodbunder Fort |url=https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=22_06_2024_009_001_toim_TOI |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622114009/https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=22_06_2024_009_001_toim_TOI |archive-date=22 June 2024 |access-date=2024-06-22 |work=The Times of India |pages=9 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Golani |first=Suresh |date=2024-06-18 |title=FPJ Special: 'Hidden' Chamber Discovered At Entrance Of Historic Ghodbunder Fort |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/fpj-special-hidden-chamber-discovered-at-entrance-of-historic-ghodbunder-fort |url-status=live |work=The Free Press Journal}}</ref> The scientific excavation is on-going.


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Forts and fortresses of the Portuguese empire|state=collapsed}}
{{-}}
{{Forts in Maharashtra}}
{{Forts in Maharashtra}}
{{Forts in India}}
{{Forts in India}}

Latest revision as of 01:15, 4 July 2024

Ghodbunder Fort
घोडबंदर किल्ला
Ghodbunder, Thane District, Maharashtra
Ghodbunder Fort courtyard
On the south shore of a river mouth
On the south shore of a river mouth
Ghodbunder Fort
Ghodbunder Fort (Mumbai)
Coordinates19°17′46″N 72°53′18″E / 19.2962°N 72.8883°E / 19.2962; 72.8883
TypeFortress
Site information
OwnerIndia, Maharashtra
Open to
the public		Yes
Site history
Builtc.1550-1730
Built byPortuguese

Ghodbunder Fort is a fort located in Ghodbunder Village, Thane, Maharashtra, India, on the hill just south of the Ulhas River. It was built by the Portuguese and then occupied by the Maratha Empire, before being used as the East India Company's district headquarters. The place was called Ghodbunder because it was where the Portuguese used to trade for ghode (horses) with the Arabs. Hence the name Ghodbunder: ghode (horses) & bunder (port).

History

[edit]
Ghodbunder fort bastion and walls

In 1530 the Portuguese arrived in Thane, and began fortifying the hill area as early as 1550. There are many old maps and texts which mention continual attempts by the Marathas to capture the fort, which the Portuguese had named 'Cacabe de Tanna'. The Portuguese were able to successfully defend these attacks for many years,[1] including an attack in 1672 by the powerful forces of Chhatrapati Shivaji. The fort as it seen today was completed in 1730 and the church in the fort still stands,[2] and is now used as a hotel. The fort remained under Portuguese rule until the Maratha Empire, under military commander Chimaji Appa, successfully besieged the fort and took it over from the Portuguese in 1737.[1][3] Following its capture, Shahu I ordered the strengthening of the fortifications, initiating the construction of the tower.[citation needed]

In 1818, the British occupied the fort and made it the headquarters of the district administration for the East Indian Company, with a district collector stationed in Thane.[4]

Although the fort currently lies in ruins, the government of India set out plans for its renovation in 2014, including the beautification and landscaping of approximately 4 acres of surrounding land.[5] The fort itself is under the control of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).[5]

Restoration

[edit]

Under the Government of Maharashtra; Department of Cultural Affairs; Directorate of Archaeology and Museums' 'Adopt the Monument Scheme' the fort was adopted by the Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation. The State Archaeology appointed SANKRAMAN Design Studio as the heritage conservation architect. They are empanelled architects with Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation & also empanelled as heritage conservation architects with the Directorate of Archaeology and Museums. There have been multiple interventions during the restoration process. On 22-Jun-2024 a new discovery was made when an unknown and lost underground chamber was discovered.[6][7] The scientific excavation is on-going.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Ashar, Hemal (3 December 2007). "Mid-day". Retrieved 30 March 2009.
  2. ^ Karkari, R.P. (2008). The Charm of Bombay. READ BOOKS. p. 423. ISBN 978-1-4097-9294-9. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
  3. ^ "Incredible India: Places to Visit Maharashtra: Ghodbunder (43 Km.)". Archived from the original on 14 October 2007.
  4. ^ Rao, Shilpa (17 May 2007). "History becomes mystery". Archived from the original on 8 August 2007.
  5. ^ a b Mehta, Rajshri (31 January 2014). "Plans afoot to beautify ruined Ghodbunder Fort". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014.
  6. ^ Nair, Sandhya (22 June 2024). "Workers unearth hidden chamber at 16th-century Ghodbunder Fort". The Times of India. p. 9. Archived from the original on 22 June 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  7. ^ Golani, Suresh (18 June 2024). "FPJ Special: 'Hidden' Chamber Discovered At Entrance Of Historic Ghodbunder Fort". The Free Press Journal.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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