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| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Finland|Region]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Finland|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uusimaa]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uusimaa]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_type2 = [[Sub-regions of Finland|Sub-region]]
| subdivision_name2 =
| subdivision_name2 = [[Helsinki sub-region]]
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Revision as of 05:41, 17 March 2024

Greater Helsinki
Helsingin seutu – Helsingforsregionen
Metropolitan area
Helsinki skyline
Helsinki skyline
CountryFinland
RegionUusimaa
Sub-regionHelsinki sub-region
SeatHelsinki
Area
 • Land3,698.99 km2 (1,428.19 sq mi)
 • Capital Region771.04 km2 (297.70 sq mi)
Population
 (2023-12-31)
 • Total1,582,452
 • Density427.8/km2 (1,108/sq mi)
 • Capital Region
1,246,237
GDP
[1]
 • Metro€105.831 billion (2022)
Websitewww.helsinkiregion.fi

Greater Helsinki (Finnish: Helsingin seutu, Suur-Helsinki, Swedish: Helsingforsregionen, Storhelsingfors) is the metropolitan area surrounding Helsinki, the capital city of Finland. It includes the smaller Capital Region (Pääkaupunkiseutu, Huvudstadsregionen) urban area.

The smaller Capital Region consists of the central cities of Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo, and Kauniainen and has a population of approximately 1.25 million. The Greater Helsinki region is the largest urbanised area in the country with approximately 1.58 million inhabitants (2023)[2] and is by far the most important economic, cultural, and scientific region of Finland. Five out of Finland's 14 universities,[note 1] and six universities of applied sciences, and most of the headquarters of notable companies and governmental institutions are located in Greater Helsinki, as is Finland's main airline hub and airport, Helsinki Airport, which is located in Vantaa.[3][4][5][6][7][8]

These regions are located in the south of Finland, on the coast of the Gulf of Finland, which is part of the Baltic Sea. They area a part of the region of Uusimaa.

The term "Helsinki Metropolitan Area" and the other terms used are not firmly established and may vary in different contexts. Greater Helsinki is sometimes incorrectly[clarification needed] called (the) Helsinki Region due to an incorrect direct translation of the Finnish and Swedish terms Helsingin seutu and Helsingforsregionen.

It should be noted that the Helsinki Metropolitan Area differs from the Helsinki sub-region (Finnish: Helsingin seutukunta), which also includes the municipalities of Karkkila, Lohja and Siuntio.

Terminology

Capital Region

In the strictest sense, the Finnish Capital Region consists of four municipalities with city title, Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo and Kauniainen, whose total population is about 1.25 million[2]. This area is most often called the Capital region in English, Pääkaupunkiseutu in Finnish, and Huvudstadsregionen in Swedish, although the use of the terms is not especially consistent. The vast majority of the inhabitants live in the urban areas of the cities, but within the boundaries of these cities there are also suburban and rural areas.

Greater Helsinki

Commonly about ten more municipalities are considered to be part of Greater Helsinki, as they can be considered to be commuter towns and exurbs of Helsinki. When Hyvinkää, Järvenpää, Kerava, Kirkkonummi, Nurmijärvi, Sipoo, Tuusula, Mäntsälä, Pornainen and Vihti are included, the number of inhabitants rises to 1.58 million. All of the municipalities belong to the region of Uusimaa. Of these, Järvenpää, Kerava, Tuusula, Nurmijärvi, Sipoo, Kirkkonummi, Mäntsälä and Vihti have parts of the urban area within them. Additionally, the cities of Porvoo, Lohja, Karkkila and to some extent Riihimäki, which have very close ties, motorway and, in the case of Riihimäki, commuter train accesses, and are fairly close to the capital, are nowadays often included in regional planning, which raises the total population to about 1.72 million.

Other definitions

As a part of the "Urban audit" project, Eurostat has attempted to standardise the concept of a 'metropolitan area'. According to this study the Metropolitan area of Helsinki consists of the kernel of Helsinki: Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa, and Kauniainen. The Helsinki Larger Urban Area (Helsingin seutu in Finnish) consists of 12 cities and municipalities: the kernel of Helsinki and the aforementioned eight municipalities.[9]

Statistics Finland define the commuter belt of Helsinki (Helsingin työssäkäyntialue, Helsingfors pendlingsområde) to include a total of 27 municipalities and a population of 1.77 million.[10][11] In addition to that, there are people from as far as Lahti and even Tampere commuting to Helsinki daily.

Statistics Finland also defines the Helsinki urban area according to the official Finnish definion of an urban area (taajama in Finnish). Urban areas in Finland are defined as inhabited areas of at least 200 people with a maximum distance of 200 metres (660 ft) between buildings.[12][13] The Helsinki urban area is the largest of its kind in Finland, and encompasses land throughout Greater Helsinki, with notable gaps around forests and other less-densely populated areas.

Statistics

The table below lists population, area, and population density for the largest municipalities of the Greater Helsinki area. ("Helsinki Metropolitan Area" and the other terms used are not firmly established and may vary in different contexts.) The commuter towns of Lohja and Porvoo are not usually included, though, if they were (considering their proximity to Helsinki and their high commuting rate), they would raise the overall population above 1.7 million people. Hyvinkää, Järvenpää, Nurmijärvi, Tuusula, Mäntsälä and Pornainen, which have been designated as municipalities in Central Uusimaa in recent decades, have shown clear population growth due to their urban but also loose rural environment. These are also known as "Kuuma-kunnat" (literally means "hot municipalities").[14]

Municipality Area Population
(2023-12-31) 		Population density
Helsinki 214.42 km² 674,500 3,145.7/km²
Espoo 312.35 km² 314,024 1,005.36/km²
Vantaa 238.38 km² 247,443 1,038.02/km²
Kauniainen 5.89 km² 10,270 1,743.63/km²
Capital region 771.04 km² 1,246,237 1,616.31/km²
Hyvinkää 322.69 km² 46,901 145.34/km²
Mäntsälä 580.85 km² 20,957 36.08/km²
Pornainen 146.53 km² 4,973 33.94/km²
Järvenpää 37.54 km² 46,490 1,238.41/km²
Kerava 30.63 km² 38,211 1,247.5/km²
Kirkkonummi 366.6 km² 41,154 112.26/km²
Nurmijärvi 361.9 km² 44,785 123.75/km²
Sipoo 339.66 km² 22,595 66.52/km²
Tuusula 219.53 km² 41,338 188.3/km²
Vihti 522.02 km² 28,811 55.19/km²
Commuter towns 2,927.95 km² 336,215 114.83/km²
Metropolitan area (Greater Helsinki) 3,698.99 km² 1,582,452 427.81/km²

Municipalities

Coat of
arms 		Municipality Population Land area
(km²) 		Density
(as./km²) 		Finnish
speakers 		Swedish
speakers 		Foreign
speakers
Espoon vaakuna Espoo 314,024 312 1,005 70 % 6 % 24 %
Helsingin vaakuna Helsinki 674,500 214 3,146 75 % 5 % 20 %
Hyvinkään vaakuna Hyvinkää 46,901 323 145 91 % 1 % 8 %
Järvenpään vaakuna Järvenpää 46,490 38 1,238 90 % 1 % 8 %
Kauniaisen vaakuna Kauniainen 10,270 6 1,744 59 % 30 % 11 %
Keravan vaakuna Kerava 38,211 31 1,248 83 % 1 % 16 %
Kirkkonummen vaakuna Kirkkonummi 41,154 367 112 73 % 15 % 12 %
Mäntsälän vaakuna Mäntsälä 20,957 581 36 94 % 1 % 5 %
Nurmijärven vaakuna Nurmijärvi 44,785 362 124 91 % 1 % 8 %
Pornaisen vaakuna Pornainen 4,973 147 34 94 % 2 % 4 %
Sipoon vaakuna Sipoo 22,595 340 67 65 % 28 % 7 %
Tuusulan vaakuna Tuusula 41,338 220 188 90 % 1 % 8 %
Vantaan vaakuna Vantaa 247,443 238 1,038 71 % 2 % 27 %
Vihdin vaakuna Vihti 28,811 522 55 91 % 2 % 7 %
Total 1,553,641 2,939 539 77 % 5 % 19 %

Economy

In 2020 Helsinki's gross metropolitan product was €94.2 billion (US$100 billion). This puts Helsinki in 23rd place among cities in European Union.[15]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ These are Aalto University, the University of Helsinki, the University of the Arts Helsinki, the Hanken School of Economics, and the National Defence University.

References

  1. ^ "Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by metropolitan regions". ec.europa.eu.
  2. ^ a b "Population growth biggest in nearly 70 years". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 2024-04-26. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  3. ^ "Campuses - Laurea University of Applied Sciences". www.laurea.fi. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  4. ^ "About Haaga-Helia | Haaga-Helia". www.haaga-helia.fi. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  5. ^ "Helsinki". Diaconia University of Applied Sciences. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  6. ^ "Campuses | Our campuses create an attractive learning environment". www.metropolia.fi. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  7. ^ "On campus your future starts now! | Arcada". www.arcada.fi. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  8. ^ "Humak University of Applied Sciences".
  9. ^ http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/dsis/urbstat/library?l=/urban_audit_reports/urban_audit_2006/final_reportpdf_18/_EN_1.0_&a=d[permanent dead link]
  10. ^ Statistics Finland; The correspondence table between municipalities and travel-to-work areas in 2023
  11. ^ National Land Survey of Finland; pdf-file 'Pinta-alatilasto', downloadable from page. Archived 2011-05-20 at archive.today Areas of municipalities in Finland. Accessed on 2008-09-08.
  12. ^ "Taajamissa asuu 84 prosenttia väestöstä". Statistics Finland (in Finnish). 15 January 2008. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  13. ^ Facta (encyclopedia) part 16, page 203, finnish
  14. ^ Kuuma.fi
  15. ^ "EU regions by GDP, Eurostat".

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Helsinki_metropolitan_area&oldid=1214142708"