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In [[economics]], '''industrial organization''' is a field that builds on the [[theory of the firm]] by examining the structure of (and, therefore, the boundaries between) firms and [[market (economics)|market]]s. Industrial organization adds real-world complications to the [[perfect competition|perfectly competitive]] model, complications such as [[transaction cost]]s,<ref>• [[Ronald H. Coase|R. H. Coase]], 1937. "[[The Nature of the Firm]]", ''Economica'', N.S., 4(16), pp. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120113105151/http://www.sonoma.edu/users/e/eyler/426/coase1.pdf 386–405].<br/>&nbsp;• _____, 1988. "The Nature of the Firm: Influence", ''Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization'', 4(1), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/765013 33]–47. Reprinted in ''The Nature of the Firm: Origins, Evolution, and Development'', 1993, O. E. Williamson and S, G. Winter, ed., pp. [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=VXIDgGjLHVgC&oi=fnd&pg=PA61&ots=RFe6lqpPv0&sig=7C6VuEwnEcuBa-E5HS8yWJ0LC_I#v=onepage&q&f=false 61–74].<br/>&nbsp;• _____, 1991. "[https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1991/coase-lecture.html The Institutional Structure of Production]", Nobel Lecture, reprinted in 1992, ''American Economic Review'', 82(4), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2117340 713]–719.<br/>&nbsp;• [[Oliver E. Williamson]], 1981. "The Economics of Organization: The Transaction Cost Approach", ''American Journal of Sociology'', 87(3), pp. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141018232235/http://glenn.osu.edu/faculty/brown/home/Org%20Theory/Readings/Williamson1981.pdf 548–577].<br/>&nbsp;• _____, 2009. "[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2009/williamson_lecture.pdf Transaction Cost Economics: The Natural Progression]", Nobel Lecture. Reprinted in 2010, ''American Economic Review'', 100(3), pp. 673–90.</ref> limited [[information economics|information]], and [[barriers to entry]] of new firms that may be associated with [[imperfect competition]]. It analyzes determinants of firm and market organization and behavior on a continuum between [[Competition (economics)|competition]]<ref>George J. Stigler, [1987] 2008. "competition", ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000261&edition= Abstract.]</ref> and [[monopoly]],<ref>• [[Luigi Zingales]], 2008. "corporate governance", ''[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics]]'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000370&edition=current&q=governance%20&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract.]<br/>&nbsp;• Oliver E. Williamson, 2002. "The Theory of the Firm as Governance Structure: From Choice to Contract", ''Journal of Economic Perspectives'', 16(3), pp. [http://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/089533002760278776 171–195.]<br/>&nbsp;• [[Frederic M. Scherer]] and David Ross, 1990. ''Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance'', 3rd ed. [https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496716 Description] and 1st ed. review [https://www.jstor.org/pss/3003013 extract].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;• Dennis W. Carlton and [[Jeffrey M. Perloff]], 2004. ''Modern Industrial Organization'', 4th edition, pp. 2–3. [http://www.lavoisier.fr/notice/frSWORK23A3RW32O.html Description.]</ref> including from government actions.
In [[economics]], '''industrial organization''' is a field that builds on the [[theory of the firm]] by examining the structure of (and, therefore, the boundaries between) firms and [[market (economics)|market]]s. Industrial organization adds real-world complications to the [[perfect competition|perfectly competitive]] model, complications such as [[transaction cost]]s,limited [[information economics|information]], and [[barriers to entry]] of new firms that may be associated with [[imperfect competition]]. It analyzes determinants of firm and market organization and behavior on a continuum between [[Competition (economics)|competition]]<ref>George J. Stigler, [1987] 2008. "competition", ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000261&edition= Abstract.]</ref> and [[monopoly]],including from government actions.


There are different approaches to the subject. One approach is descriptive in providing an overview of industrial organization, such as measures of competition and the size-[[concentration ratio|concentration]] of firms in an industry. A second approach uses [[microeconomic]] models to explain internal firm organization and markethhcbbhv strategy, which includes internal research and development along with issues of internal reorganization and renewal.A third aspect is oriented to [[public policy]] related to [[economic regulation]] generally, the economic governance of law in defining property rights, enforcing contracts, and providing organizational [[infrastructure]].
There are different approaches to the subject. One approach is descriptive in providing an overview of industrial organization, such as measures of competition and the size-[[concentration ratio|concentration]] of firms in an industry. A second approach uses [[microeconomic]] models to explain internal firm organization and market strategy, which includes internal research and development along with issues of internal reorganization and renewal.<ref>• Frederic M. Scherer and David Ross, 1990. ''Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance'', 3rd ed. [https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496716 Description] and 1st ed. review [https://www.jstor.org/pss/3003013 extract].<br/>&nbsp;• Dennis W. Carlton and Jeffery M. Perloff, 2004. "Modern Industrial Organization, Overview", ch. 5, ''Handbook of Industrial Organization'', Elsevier, v. 1, pp. 259–327. {{Cite book | doi=10.1016/S1573-448X(89)01008-3| chapter=Chapter 5 Noncooperative game theory for industrial organization: An introduction and overview| title=Handbook of Industrial Organization Volume 1| volume=1| pages=259–327| series=Handbook of Industrial Organization| year=1989| last1=Fudenberg| first1=Drew| last2=Tirole| first2=Jean| isbn=9780444704344}}<br/>&nbsp;• [[Carl Shapiro]], 1989. "The Theory of Business Strategy", ''RAND Journal of Economics'', 20(1), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2555656 125]–137.<br/>&nbsp;• Kyle Bagwell and Asher Wolinsky (2002). "Game theory and Industrial Organization", ch. 49, ''Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications'', v. 3, pp. 1851–1895 {{Cite book | doi=10.1016/S1574-0005(02)03012-6| chapter=Chapter 49 Game theory and industrial organization| title=Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications Volume 3| volume=3| pages=1851–1895| series=Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications| year=2002| last1=Bagwell| first1=Kyle| last2=Wolinsky| first2=Asher| isbn=9780444894281}}<br/>&nbsp;• [[Martin Shubik]], 1987. ''A Game-Theoretic Approach to Political Economy'', Part II. [[MIT Press]]. [http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?tid=5086&ttype=2 Description]. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503182202/https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496716 |date=May 3, 2011 }}</ref> A third aspect is oriented to [[public policy]] related to [[economic regulation]],<ref>Richard Schmalensee and Robert Willig, eds., 1989. ''Handbook of Industrial Organization'', Elsevier, v. 2, Part 5, Government Intervention in the Marketplace, ch. 22–26, abstract [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/handbooks/1573448X/2 links.]</ref> [[antitrust law]],<ref>• [[Richard A. Posner]], 2001. ''Antitrust Law'', 2nd ed. University of Chicago Press. [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vV3i8XCzc8cC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq==false Preview.]<br/>&nbsp;• D. L. Rubinfeld, 2001. "Antitrust Policy", ''[[International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences]]'', pp.&nbsp;553–560.
{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vV3i8XCzc8cC&pg=PR5&dq=%3Dfalse |title=Antitrust Law, Second Edition |access-date=April 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107191058/https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vV3i8XCzc8cC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq==false |archive-date=January 7, 2017 |url-status=bot: unknown |isbn=9780226675787 |last1=Posner |first1=Richard A. |date=2009-04-22 }}</ref> and, more generally, the economic governance of law in defining property rights, enforcing contracts, and providing organizational [[infrastructure]].<ref>• [[Avinash K. Dixit]], 2008. "economic governance", ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_E000260&edition=current&q= Abstract.]<br/>&nbsp;• [[Oliver E. Williamson]], 1996. ''The Mechanisms of Governance'', "Prologue", pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=meERBVysP6YC&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false 3]–20.</ref><ref>• [[George J. Stigler]], 1983. ''The Organization of Industry'', University of Chicago Press. Description and contents [https://archive.today/20111107161440/http://www.press.uchicago.edu/presssite/metadata.epl?isbn=9780226774329 links] and [https://books.google.com/books?id=j6SOJv8OeHAC&printsec=find&pg=PA1=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false preview.]<br/>&nbsp;• [[Richard Schmalensee]], 1988. "Industrial Economics: An Overview", ''Economic Journal'', 98(392), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2233907 643]–681. Working paper [http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/48172/industrialeconom00schm.pdf?s. link].<br/>&nbsp;• ''Handbook of Industrial Organization'', Elsevier:
:Richard Schmalensee and Robert Willig, ed., 1989. v. 1. Links to [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601119/description#description description & contents] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002032608/http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601119/description#description |date=2012-10-02 }} & (partial) chapter [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/handbooks/1573448X/1 outlines.]
: _____, ed., 1989. v. 2. Links to [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601120/description#description description & contents] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002032632/http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601120/description#description |date=2012-10-02 }} and chapter [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/handbooks/1573448X/2 outlines.]
:[[Mark Armstrong (economist)|Mark Armstrong]] and Robert Porter, ed., 2007. v. 3. Links to [https://books.google.com/books?id=bvrn72h8dDwC description], chapter-content [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601121/description#description descriptions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002032713/http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601121/description#description |date=2012-10-02 }}</ref>


The extensive use of [[game theory]] in industrial economics has led to the export of this tool to other branches of [[microeconomics]], such as [[behavioral economics]] and [[corporate finance]]. Industrial organization has also had significant practical impacts on [[antitrust law]] and [[competition policy]].<ref>Exemplified in such advanced textbooks as [[Jean Tirole]], 1988, ''The Theory of Industrial Organization'', MIT Press, [https://archive.org/details/theoryofindustri00jean description] and chapter-preview [https://archive.org/details/theoryofindustri00jean links.]</ref>
The extensive use of [[game theory]] in industrial economics has led to the export of this tool to other branches of [[microeconomics]], such as [[behavioral economics]] and [[corporate finance]]. Industrial organization has also had significant practical impacts on [[antitrust law]] a


The development of industrial organization as a separate field owes much toSylos Labini, among others.
The development of industrial organization as a separate field owes much to [[Edward Chamberlin]],<ref>• Edward Hastings Chamberlin, 1933. ''The Theory of [[Monopolistic Competition]]: A Re-orientation of the Theory of Value'', 1965, 8th ed. Harvard University Press.<br/>&nbsp;• R. Rothschild, 1987. "The Theory of Monopolistic Competition: E.H. Chamberlin's Influence on Industrial Organisation Theory over Sixty Years", ''Journal of Economic Studies'', 14(1), pp. 34–54. [http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1709405 Abstract].<br/>&nbsp;• William L. Baldwin, 2007. "Edward Hastings Chamberlin", in ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization'', H. W. de Jong, W. G. Shepherd, ed., pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=TpfrPPOFWUIC&pg=PA199=false#v=onepage&q&f=false 199–].</ref> [[Joan Robinson]], [[Edward S. Mason]],<ref>Edward S. Mason, 1939. "Price and Production Policies of Large-Scale Enterprise", ''American Economic Review'', 29(1, Supplement), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1806955 61]–74.<br/>&nbsp;• _____, 1949. "The Current Status of the Monopoly Problem in the United States", 'Harvard Law Review'', 62(8), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1336466 1265]–1285.<br/>&nbsp;• _____, 1957. ''Economic Concentration and the Monopoly Problem'', Harvard University Press. Review [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1234950 extract].<br/>&nbsp;• William G. Shepherd, 2007. "Edward S. Mason", in ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization'', H. W. de Jong, W. G. Shepherd, ed.</ref> [[John Maurice Clark|J. M. Clark]],<ref>J.M. Clark, 1940. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1807048 Toward a Concept of Workable Competition]. ''American Economic Review'', Vol. 30, No. 2, Part 1, Jun., pp. 241–256
<br/>&nbsp;• William L. Baldwin, 2007. "John Maurice Clark" in ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization'', H. W. de Jong, W. G. Shepherd, ed., pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=TpfrPPOFWUIC&pg=PA183&lpg=PA183&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false 183–186].</ref> [[Joe S. Bain]]<ref>• Joe S. Bain, 1956. ''Barriers to New Competition: Their Character and Consequences in Manufacturing'', Harvard University Press. Review extracts [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1811245?uid=3739936&uid=2&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21101828169287][https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2097589?uid=3739936&uid=2&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21101828169287].<br/>&nbsp;• _____, 1959, 2nd ed., 1968. ''Industrial Organization: A Treatise'', John Wiley.<br/>&nbsp;• [[Richard E. Caves]], 2007. "Joe S. Bain", in ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization'', H. W. de Jong, W. G. Shepherd, ed., pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=TpfrPPOFWUIC&pg=PA224&lpg=PA224&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false 224–231].</ref> and Paolo Sylos Labini, among others.<ref name="Grether">E. T. Grether, 1970. "Industrial Organization: Past History and Future Problems", ''American Economic Review'', 60(2), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1815790 83]–89.</ref><ref>Oliver E. Williamson, ed., 1990. ''Industrial Organization'', Edward Elgar. [http://www.e-elgar.co.uk/Bookentry_DESCRIPTION.lasso?id=593 Description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722004854/http://www.e-elgar.co.uk/Bookentry_DESCRIPTION.lasso?id=593 |date=2011-07-22 }} and article [http://www.e-elgar.co.uk/Bookentry_contents.lasso?id=593 list.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024124906/http://www.e-elgar.co.uk/Bookentry_contents.lasso?id=593 |date=2014-10-24 }}23 articles, dating from 1937 to 1987.</ref>


==Subareas==
==Subareas==
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A 2009 book ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization'' traces the development of the field from [[Adam Smith]] to recent times and includes dozens of short biographies of major figures in Europe and North America who contributed to the growth and development of the discipline.<ref name="“bazar1">Henry W. de Jong and William G. Shepherd, ed., 2007. ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization.'' Cheltenham, UK: Elgar. Description and content [http://www.e-elgar.com/Bookentry_DESCRIPTION.lasso?id=3125 links] and [https://books.google.com/books?id=TpfrPPOFWUIC&printsec=find&pg=PA3=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false preview]. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807190244/http://www.e-elgar.com/Bookentry_DESCRIPTION.lasso?id=3125 |date=August 7, 2011 }}</ref>
A 2009 book ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization'' traces the development of the field from [[Adam Smith]] to recent times and includes dozens of short biographies of major figures in Europe and North America who contributed to the growth and development of the discipline.<ref name="“bazar1">Henry W. de Jong and William G. Shepherd, ed., 2007. ''Pioneers of Industrial Organization.'' Cheltenham, UK: Elgar. Description and content [http://www.e-elgar.com/Bookentry_DESCRIPTION.lasso?id=3125 links] and [https://books.google.com/books?id=TpfrPPOFWUIC&printsec=find&pg=PA3=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false preview]. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807190244/http://www.e-elgar.com/Bookentry_DESCRIPTION.lasso?id=3125 |date=August 7, 2011 }}</ref>


Other reviews by publication year and earliest available cited works those in 1970/1937,<ref name="Grether"/> 1972/1933,<ref>James W. McKie, 1972. "Industrial Organization: Boxing the Compass", ch. 1 in [[Victor R. Fuchs|V. R. Fuchs]], ed., ''Policy Issues and Research Opportunities in Industrial Organization'', NBER, pp. [https://www.nber.org/chapters/c7615.pdf 1-15].</ref> 1974,<ref>[[Almarin Phillips]] and Rodney E. Stevenson, 1974. "The Historical Development of Industrial Organization", ''History of Political Economy'', 6(3), pp. 324–342. In Papers from the First Conference of the History of Economics Society. [http://hope.dukejournals.org/content/6/3/324.citation Citation].</ref> 1987/1937-1956 (3 cites), 1968-9 (7 cites).<ref>Timothy F. Bresnahan and Richard Schmalensee, 1987. "The Empirical Renaissance in Industrial Economics: An Overview", ''Journal of Industrial Economics'', 35(4), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2098578 371]–378.</ref> 2009/c. 1900,<ref name="bazar2">Lefteris Tsoulfidis, 2009. "Between Competition and Monopoly", ''Competing Schools of Economic Thought'', ch. 9, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=8L2Zoui099UC&printsec=find&pg=PA213=onepage&q&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false 213]–42. [https://archive.today/20130203011622/http://www.springerlink.com/content/978-3-540-92692-4 Springer]</ref> and 2010/1951.<ref>Liran Einav and [[Jonathan Levin (economist)|Jonathan Levin]], 2010. "Empirical Industrial Organization: A Progress Report", ''Journal of Economic Perspectives'', 24(2), pp. [http://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.24.2.145 145–162.]</ref>
Other reviews by publication year and earliest available cited works those in 1970/1937,<ref name="Grether">E. T. Grether, 1970. "Industrial Organization: Past History and Future Problems", ''American Economic Review'', 60(2), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1815790 83]–89.</ref> 1972/1933,<ref>James W. McKie, 1972. "Industrial Organization: Boxing the Compass", ch. 1 in [[Victor R. Fuchs|V. R. Fuchs]], ed., ''Policy Issues and Research Opportunities in Industrial Organization'', NBER, pp. [https://www.nber.org/chapters/c7615.pdf 1-15].</ref> 1974,<ref>[[Almarin Phillips]] and Rodney E. Stevenson, 1974. "The Historical Development of Industrial Organization", ''History of Political Economy'', 6(3), pp. 324–342. In Papers from the First Conference of the History of Economics Society. [http://hope.dukejournals.org/content/6/3/324.citation Citation].</ref> 1987/1937-1956 (3 cites), 1968-9 (7 cites).<ref>Timothy F. Bresnahan and Richard Schmalensee, 1987. "The Empirical Renaissance in Industrial Economics: An Overview", ''Journal of Industrial Economics'', 35(4), pp. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/2098578 371]–378.</ref> 2009/c. 1900,<ref name="bazar2">Lefteris Tsoulfidis, 2009. "Between Competition and Monopoly", ''Competing Schools of Economic Thought'', ch. 9, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=8L2Zoui099UC&printsec=find&pg=PA213=onepage&q&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false 213]–42. [https://archive.today/20130203011622/http://www.springerlink.com/content/978-3-540-92692-4 Springer]</ref> and 2010/1951.<ref>Liran Einav and [[Jonathan Levin (economist)|Jonathan Levin]], 2010. "Empirical Industrial Organization: A Progress Report", ''Journal of Economic Perspectives'', 24(2), pp. [http://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.24.2.145 145–162.]</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 20:12, 31 October 2020

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In economics, industrial organization is a field that builds on the theory of the firm by examining the structure of (and, therefore, the boundaries between) firms and markets. Industrial organization adds real-world complications to the perfectly competitive model, complications such as transaction costs,limited information, and barriers to entry of new firms that may be associated with imperfect competition. It analyzes determinants of firm and market organization and behavior on a continuum between competition[1] and monopoly,including from government actions.

There are different approaches to the subject. One approach is descriptive in providing an overview of industrial organization, such as measures of competition and the size-concentration of firms in an industry. A second approach uses microeconomic models to explain internal firm organization and markethhcbbhv strategy, which includes internal research and development along with issues of internal reorganization and renewal.A third aspect is oriented to public policy related to economic regulation generally, the economic governance of law in defining property rights, enforcing contracts, and providing organizational infrastructure.

The extensive use of game theory in industrial economics has led to the export of this tool to other branches of microeconomics, such as behavioral economics and corporate finance. Industrial organization has also had significant practical impacts on antitrust law a

The development of industrial organization as a separate field owes much toSylos Labini, among others.

Subareas

The Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification codes are one way of representing the range of economics subjects and subareas. There, Industrial Organization, one of 20 primary categories, has 9 secondary categories, each with multiple tertiary categories.[2] The secondary categories are listed below with corresponding available article-preview links of The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Online and footnotes to their respective JEL-tertiary categories and associated New-Palgrave links.

JEL: L1 – Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance[3]
JEL: L2 – Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior[4]
JEL: L3 – Non-profit organizations and Public enterprise[5]
JEL: L4 – Antitrust Issues and Policies[6]
JEL: L5 – Regulation and Industrial policy[7]
JEL: L6 – Industry Studies: Manufacturing[8]
JEL: L7 – Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction[9]
JEL: L8 – Industry Studies: Services[10]
JEL: L9 – Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities[11]

Market structures

The common market structures studied in this field are the following:

Areas of study

Industrial organization investigates the outcomes of these market structures in environments with

History of the field

A 2009 book Pioneers of Industrial Organization traces the development of the field from Adam Smith to recent times and includes dozens of short biographies of major figures in Europe and North America who contributed to the growth and development of the discipline.[12]

Other reviews by publication year and earliest available cited works those in 1970/1937,[13] 1972/1933,[14] 1974,[15] 1987/1937-1956 (3 cites), 1968-9 (7 cites).[16] 2009/c. 1900,[17] and 2010/1951.[18]

See also

Main article: Outline of industrial organization

Notes

  1. ^ George J. Stigler, [1987] 2008. "competition", The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
  2. ^ A complete list of the JEL Industrial Organization codes is at JEL classification codes#Industrial organization JEL: L Subcategories.
  3. ^ JEL: L10 – General
    JEL: L11 – Production, Pricing, and Market structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    JEL: L12 – Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies
    JEL: L13 – Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
    JEL: L14 – Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation; Networks
    JEL: L15 – Information and Product Quality; Standardization and Compatibility
    JEL: L16 – Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change; Industrial Price Indices
    JEL: L17 – Open Source Products and Markets
  4. ^ JEL: L20 – General
    JEL: L21 – Business Objectives of the Firm
    JEL: L22 – Firm Organization and Market Structure
    JEL: L23 – Organization of Production
    JEL: L24 – Contracting Out; Joint Ventures; Technology licensing
    JEL: L25 – Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
    JEL: L26 – Entrepreneurship
  5. ^ JEL: L31 – Nonprofit Institutions; NGOs
    JEL: L32 – Public enterprises; Public-Private Enterprises
    JEL: L33 – Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises; Privatization; Contracting out
  6. ^ JEL: L40 – General
    JEL: L41 – Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
    JEL: L42 – Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts
    JEL: L43 – Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation
    JEL: L44 – Antitrust Policy and Public Enterprise, Nonprofit Institutions, and Professional Organizations
  7. ^ JEL: L51 – Economics of Regulation
    JEL: L52 – Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
    JEL: L53] – Enterprise Policy
  8. ^ JEL: L61 – Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics
    JEL: L62 – Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment
    JEL: L63 – Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment
    JEL: L64 – Other Machinery; Business Equipment; Armaments
    JEL: L65 – Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology
    JEL: L66 – Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco; Wine and Spirits
    JEL: L67 – Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather
    JEL: L68 – Appliances; Other Consumer Durables
  9. ^ JEL: L71 – Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels
    JEL: L72 – Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Other Nonrenewable Resources
    JEL: L73 – Forest Products
    JEL: L74 – Construction
    JEL: L78 – Government Policy
  10. ^ JEL: L80 – General
    JEL: L81 – Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce
    JEL: L82 – Entertainment; Media (Performing Arts, Visual Arts, Broadcasting, Publishing, etc.)
    JEL: L83 – Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism
    JEL: L84 – Personal, Professional, and Business Services
    JEL: L85 – Real Estate Services
    JEL: L86 – Information and Internet Services; Computer Software
    JEL: L87 – Postal and Delivery Services
    JEL: L88 – Government Policy
  11. ^ JEL: L91 – Transportation: General
    JEL: L92 – Railroads and Other Surface Transportation
    JEL: L93 – Air transportation
    JEL: L94 – Electric utilities
    JEL: L95 – Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities
    |JEL: L96 – Telecommunications
    JEL: L97 – Utilities: General
    JEL: L98 – Government Policy
  12. ^ Henry W. de Jong and William G. Shepherd, ed., 2007. Pioneers of Industrial Organization. Cheltenham, UK: Elgar. Description and content links and preview. Archived August 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ E. T. Grether, 1970. "Industrial Organization: Past History and Future Problems", American Economic Review, 60(2), pp. 83–89.
  14. ^ James W. McKie, 1972. "Industrial Organization: Boxing the Compass", ch. 1 in V. R. Fuchs, ed., Policy Issues and Research Opportunities in Industrial Organization, NBER, pp. 1-15.
  15. ^ Almarin Phillips and Rodney E. Stevenson, 1974. "The Historical Development of Industrial Organization", History of Political Economy, 6(3), pp. 324–342. In Papers from the First Conference of the History of Economics Society. Citation.
  16. ^ Timothy F. Bresnahan and Richard Schmalensee, 1987. "The Empirical Renaissance in Industrial Economics: An Overview", Journal of Industrial Economics, 35(4), pp. 371–378.
  17. ^ Lefteris Tsoulfidis, 2009. "Between Competition and Monopoly", Competing Schools of Economic Thought, ch. 9, pp. 213–42. Springer
  18. ^ Liran Einav and Jonathan Levin, 2010. "Empirical Industrial Organization: A Progress Report", Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24(2), pp. 145–162.

References

  • Belleflamme, Paul & Martin Peitz, 2010. Industrial Organization: Markets and Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Summary and Resources
  • Cabral, Luís M. B., 2000. Introduction to Industrial Organization. MIT Press. Links to Description and chapter-preview links.
  • Shepherd, William, 1985. The Economics of Industrial Organization, Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-231481-9
  • Shy, Oz, 1995. Industrial Organization: Theory and Applications. Description and chapter-preview links. MIT Press.
  • Vives, Xavier, 2001. Oligopoly Pricing: Old Ideas and New Tools. MIT Press. Description and scroll to chapter-preview links.
  • Jeffrey Church & Roger Ware, 2005. "Industrial Organization: A Strategic Approach", (aka IOSA)”, Free Textbook
  • Nicolas Boccard, 2010. "Industrial Organization, a Contract Based approach (aka IOCB)”, Open Source Textbook

Journals

Quotations related to Industrial organization at Wikiquote

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