Ivan Sulyma: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Sulyma_coa.png|thumb|The Coat of Arms of the Sulyma family]] |
[[Image:Sulyma_coa.png|thumb|The Coat of Arms of the Sulyma family]] |
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'''Ivan Sulyma''' ({{lang-pl|Iwan Sulima}}, {{lang-uk|Іван Михайлович Сулима}} – ''Ivan Mykhaylovych Sulyma'') was a Senior of Registered Cossacks in |
'''Ivan Sulyma''' ({{lang-pl|Iwan Sulima}}, {{lang-uk|Іван Михайлович Сулима}} – ''Ivan Mykhaylovych Sulyma'') was a Senior of Registered Cossacks in 1628–29 and a [[Kosh Otaman]] in 1630–35. |
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==Life and death== |
==Life and death== |
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Son of Mykhailo Sulyma, Ivan came from a petty noble ([[szlachta]]) family. He was born in [[Rogoszcze]] (next to [[Chernihiv]]). He served as an estate overseer for [[Stanisław Żółkiewski]] and later the family of [[Daniłowicze]] who inherited his lands; for that service in 1620 he was awarded three villages: [[Sulimówka]], [[Kuczakiw]] (today Kirove) and [[Lebedyn (Boryspil Raion)|Lebedyn]]. All the villages today belong to the [[Boryspil Raion]], [[Kiev Oblast|Kiev Region]]. His sons included Stepan ( |
Son of Mykhailo Sulyma, Ivan came from a petty noble ([[szlachta]]) family. He was born in [[Rogoszcze]] (next to [[Chernihiv]]). He served as an estate overseer for [[Stanisław Żółkiewski]] and later the family of [[Daniłowicze]] who inherited his lands; for that service in 1620 he was awarded three villages: [[Sulimówka]], [[Kuczakiw]] (today Kirove) and [[Lebedyn (Boryspil Raion)|Lebedyn]]. All the villages today belong to the [[Boryspil Raion]], [[Kiev Oblast|Kiev Region]]. His sons included Stepan (died 1659), a captain of [[Boryspil]] company, and Fedir (died 1691), a colonel of [[Pereiaslav]] regiment. |
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He became popular among the un[[registered Cossacks]], leading them on campaigns to plunder [[Crimea]] and other [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] vassal territories. For organizing a revolt on an Ottoman [[slave]] [[galley]] and freeing Christian slaves<ref>Plokhy, Serhii. [https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0199247390&id=NCzzxNisc1MC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&ots=gu7FbewNJ7&dq=Ivan+Sulyma&sig=yswdDn-kRL0MyP35CmsRmcPyRZY ''The Cossacks and Religion in Early Modern Ukraine'']. Oxford University Press, 2001</ref> he received a medal from [[Pope Paul V]] himself. Eventually, Sulyma reached the rank of the [[hetman]], which he held from 1628 to 1629 and 1630 to 1635. |
He became popular among the un[[registered Cossacks]], leading them on campaigns to plunder [[Crimea]] and other [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] vassal territories. For organizing a revolt on an Ottoman [[slave]] [[galley]] and freeing Christian slaves<ref>Plokhy, Serhii. [https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0199247390&id=NCzzxNisc1MC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&ots=gu7FbewNJ7&dq=Ivan+Sulyma&sig=yswdDn-kRL0MyP35CmsRmcPyRZY ''The Cossacks and Religion in Early Modern Ukraine'']. Oxford University Press, 2001</ref> he received a medal from [[Pope Paul V]] himself. Eventually, Sulyma reached the rank of the [[hetman]], which he held from 1628 to 1629 and 1630 to 1635. |
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In 1635, after returning from an expedition to [[Black Sea]] against the Ottomans, he decided to rebel against the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]], which at that time controlled most of the Cossack territories, and whose nobility was trying to turn |
In 1635, after returning from an expedition to [[Black Sea]] against the Ottomans, he decided to rebel against the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]], which at that time controlled most of the Cossack territories, and whose nobility was trying to turn militant Cossacks into [[serf]]s.{{cn|date=August 2015}} On the night of 3 to 4 August 1635 he took the newly constructed [[Kodak Fortress|Kodak fortress]] by surprise, burning it and executing its crew of about 200 people under Jean Marion. Soon afterwards however his forces were defeated by the army of [[hetman]] [[Stanisław Koniecpolski]] and Sulima was turned over to the Commonwealth by Cossack elders or ''[[starshina]]''. Together with several other leaders of his rebellion, Hetman Sulyma was executed in [[Warsaw]] on 12 December 1635. At first, the [[Polish King]] [[Władysław IV Waza]], known for his friendly attitude towards the [[Cossacks]], was hesitant to execute Sulyma, especially since he was a person upon whom the Pope himself bestowed his medal. However, pressured by the nobility who wanted to show that no rebellions against the 'established order' will be tolerated, the order for an execution was given; after being tortured, Sulyma was cut to pieces and his body parts were hung on the city walls of Warsaw.<ref>{{uk icon}} Myroslav, Mamchak. [http://ukrlife.org/main/prosvita/_sulyma.html Ivan Sulyma, Hetman of Zaporizhzhya Host]. Retrieved 24 November 2006</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 14:18, 8 January 2017
Ivan Sulyma (Polish: Iwan Sulima, Ukrainian: Іван Михайлович Сулима – Ivan Mykhaylovych Sulyma) was a Senior of Registered Cossacks in 1628–29 and a Kosh Otaman in 1630–35.
Life and death
Son of Mykhailo Sulyma, Ivan came from a petty noble (szlachta) family. He was born in Rogoszcze (next to Chernihiv). He served as an estate overseer for Stanisław Żółkiewski and later the family of Daniłowicze who inherited his lands; for that service in 1620 he was awarded three villages: Sulimówka, Kuczakiw (today Kirove) and Lebedyn. All the villages today belong to the Boryspil Raion, Kiev Region. His sons included Stepan (died 1659), a captain of Boryspil company, and Fedir (died 1691), a colonel of Pereiaslav regiment.
He became popular among the unregistered Cossacks, leading them on campaigns to plunder Crimea and other Ottoman vassal territories. For organizing a revolt on an Ottoman slave galley and freeing Christian slaves[1] he received a medal from Pope Paul V himself. Eventually, Sulyma reached the rank of the hetman, which he held from 1628 to 1629 and 1630 to 1635.
In 1635, after returning from an expedition to Black Sea against the Ottomans, he decided to rebel against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which at that time controlled most of the Cossack territories, and whose nobility was trying to turn militant Cossacks into serfs.[citation needed] On the night of 3 to 4 August 1635 he took the newly constructed Kodak fortress by surprise, burning it and executing its crew of about 200 people under Jean Marion. Soon afterwards however his forces were defeated by the army of hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski and Sulima was turned over to the Commonwealth by Cossack elders or starshina. Together with several other leaders of his rebellion, Hetman Sulyma was executed in Warsaw on 12 December 1635. At first, the Polish King Władysław IV Waza, known for his friendly attitude towards the Cossacks, was hesitant to execute Sulyma, especially since he was a person upon whom the Pope himself bestowed his medal. However, pressured by the nobility who wanted to show that no rebellions against the 'established order' will be tolerated, the order for an execution was given; after being tortured, Sulyma was cut to pieces and his body parts were hung on the city walls of Warsaw.[2]
See also
References
- ^ Plokhy, Serhii. The Cossacks and Religion in Early Modern Ukraine. Oxford University Press, 2001
- ^ Template:Uk icon Myroslav, Mamchak. Ivan Sulyma, Hetman of Zaporizhzhya Host. Retrieved 24 November 2006