Victor Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 20:34, 22 November 2022
The Viscount Churchill | |
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The Viscount Churchill by Leslie Ward, 1904. | |
Lord-in-waiting | |
In office 1889–1892 | |
Preceded by | The Earl of Hopetoun |
Succeeded by | The Lord Playfair |
In office 1895–1905 | |
Preceded by | The Lord Camoys |
Succeeded by | The Lord Denman |
Personal details | |
Born | Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer 23 October 1864 |
Died | 3 January 1934 | (aged 69)
Spouse(s) | Lady Verena Maud Lowther Christine McRae Sinclair |
Major Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill GCVO JP (23 October 1864 – 3 January 1934), known as the Hon. Victor Albert Spencer until 1886 and as The Lord Churchill between 1886 and 1902, was a British peer and courtier. He was from the Spencer family.
Background
Spencer was born at 32, Albemarle Street, London, the son of Francis George Spencer, 2nd Baron Churchill (6 October 1802 – 24 November 1886), and his wife Jane. He was a Page of Honour to Queen Victoria from 1876 to 1881, and in 1886 he succeeded to his father's title of Baron Churchill. He was a grandson of Francis Spencer, 1st Baron Churchill.[1]
Educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he was commissioned into the Coldstream Guards[1][2] in 1884 as a lieutenant, staying in the Guards until 1889.[3] On 12 July 1905 he was commissioned as a Major in the part-time Oxfordshire Imperial Yeomanry (Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars), which his father and grandfather had commanded, and in which several of his Spencer-Churchill kinsmen also served.[1][4] He was later a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Territorial Army Reserve and sevred as a temporary Colonel in Home Defence from 1915 to 1918.[1][3]
For Edward VII's coronation he served as lord chamberlain, and at the coronation of George V, he was Master of the Robes.[3] He was acting Master of the Buckhounds between 1900 and 1901 during the tenure of Charles Cavendish, the office holder, while Cavendish was in South Africa.[3][5]
Political career
Spencer was a Lord in Waiting from 1889 to 1892 and 1895 to 1905 in both of Salisbury's governments and was created Viscount Churchill, of Rolleston, in the County of Leicester, on 15 July 1902[1][6] (it had already been announced in the Coronation Honours list the previous month that he would be created a Viscount[7]).
Business career
He was chairman and director of several transport companies, including the Great Western Railway 1908–34 and was the longest serving chairman of the company.[2] He was also a director of the British India Steamship Company, P&O and the Grand Union Canal.[1][3]
Honours
- British honours
- GCVO: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order – 9 November 1902 – 1902 Birthday Honours list, invested by King Edward VII at Sandringham House the same day.[8][9]
- Foreign honours
Kingdom of Prussia: Knight 1st class of the Order of the Crown – 1899 – in connection with the visit of Emperor Wilhelm II to the United Kingdom.[10]
- The Red Eagle of the Kingdom of Prussia[3]
- The Order of the Crown of Italy[3]
- The Order of the Redeemer of Greece[3]
- The Order of Jesus Christ of Portugal[3]
Family
Lord Churchill married Lady Verena Maud Lowther, daughter of Henry Lowther, 3rd Earl of Lonsdale, at Cottesmore, Rutland, on 1 January 1887. They had four children.[1][2] When she wished to divorce Lord Churchill, King Edward forbade it, to avoid a scandal among his social circle. Instead she disappeared in 1909 taking their son, aged 19, and two daughters, aged 13 and 8, with her. Lord Churchill placed an anonymous advertisement seeking information about his family's whereabouts, but the scandal soon became public. In 1927 he obtained a divorce on the grounds of desertion.[3][11] Churchill married as his second wife Christine McRae Sinclair. They had two children. He died of pneumonia on 3 January 1934.[1][2]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 100th Edn, London, 1953.
- ^ a b c d "Great Western Chairmen". The Great Western Archive. John Daniel. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "LORD CHURCHILL, 69, DIES OF PNEUMONIA; Made Viscount in 1902, He Was Victoria's Godson and Lord-in~Waitingto 3 Rulers. EXECUTIVE OF RAILROAD Chairman of the Great Western Railway Was Banker and Ship Company Director". The New York Times. 4 January 1934. p. 19. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
- ^ Army List.
- ^ "No. 27243". The London Gazette. 2 November 1900. p. 6689.
- ^ "No. 27455". The London Gazette. 18 July 1902. p. 4586.
- ^ "The Coronation Honours". The Times. No. 36804. London. 26 June 1902. p. 5.
- ^ "No. 27493". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 November 1902. pp. 7161–7163.
- ^ "Court Circular". The Times. No. 36922. London. 11 November 1902. p. 10.
- ^ "Court Circular". The Times. No. 36068. London. 17 February 1900. p. 11.
- ^ "Lady Churchill leaving her husband in 1909. - Newspapers.com". Los Angeles Times. 12 December 1909. p. 1. Retrieved 31 March 2018 – via Newspapers.com.
External links
- 1864 births
- 1934 deaths
- Deaths from pneumonia in England
- Coldstream Guards officers
- Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars officers
- Conservative Party (UK) Baronesses- and Lords-in-Waiting
- English justices of the peace
- Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
- Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
- Pages of Honour
- People educated at Eton College
- Spencer family
- Viscounts in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
- Politicians awarded knighthoods
- Eldest sons of British hereditary barons
- Peers created by Edward VII