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There are three types of '''Virtual Hospitals.''' The original virtual hospital model utilizes modern technology to deliver virtual house-calls to patients in remote locations from medical teams located at central locations. Often these centralized command centers are located in traditional hospitals. A second virtual hospital model uses the same connectivity approach to allow medical teams at hospitals to manage larger populations at permanent and temporary remote locations associated with the hospital. A third virtual hospital model taking shape in the United States is focused on delivering hospital-level care for high acuity patients in the safety and comfort of their own homes. These virtual hospitals are temporary hospitals delivered directly to the patient's home. |
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'''Virtual Hospital''' is an international [[non-government organization]] that operates as part of Virtual Healthcare Limited. Virtual Hospital uses [[telemedicine]] to deliver medical care to the developing world. |
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== History == |
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Virtual hospital, or hospital-at-home, models have been in place outside the U.S. for some time. In the last ten years they have become more prevalent with some form of virtual hospital in place at Johns Hopkins, Intermountain Health, Mercy Hospital, Mount Sinai, and the [https://www.medicallyhome.com/ Medically Home Group] in Boston. The virtual hospital model in the United States is largely credited to [https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/profiles/results/directory/profile/0006176/bruce-leff Dr. Bruce Allen Leff] of Johns Hopkins University of Medicine. Dr. Leff introduced the concept of the hospital being delivered to the patient's home including all the technology, services, and clinicians associated with the patient's care. This novel approach to health care is known as patient-centric telehealth. In Boston, the Medically Home Group, Inc. has partnered with Atrius Health and VNA Care to deliver the world's first virtual hospital company. Operating statewide in Massachusetts and with additional locations on the West Coast, in the South, and in the Upper Midwest of the United States expected by 2021, Medically Home's virtual hospital model delivers patient-centric care for high acuity patients. |
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==How Virtual |
==How Virtual Hospital Works== |
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Virtual Hospital interconnects villages in the developing world with their main county [[hospital]]s, and hospitals in the West using [[Telemedicine]]. Virtual Hospital is based on a traditional healthcare referral system, where the patient's medical information is collected by e-clinics in rural [[third world]] communities using a computer, or [[mobile phone]] and sent to a [[general practitioner|general medical practitioner]] (GP) based at the Virtual Hospital (Hub). The GP at the Hub then either provides a diagnosis or refers the patient to the relevant Virtual Hospital Department where specialist consultants across the world are linked together through the Internet. |
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Virtual Hospitals work by utilizing technology and personalized care to deliver high acuity patients, hospital-level care, in a remote setting. In the Medically Home virtual hospital model, the entire medical team is connected to the patient's home and a combination of remote patient monitoring, personalized care, and telemedicine provide for increased levels of comfort, improved healing times, lower risks to the patient, and lower expenses system-wide including to the patient, the hospital, and the payer. The three pieces of Medically Home's virtual hospital model are technology driven: |
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1. They transform the patient's home into a temporary hospital. |
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The work of Virtual Hospital is influenced by reports published by the [[World Health Organization (WHO)]] on Telemedicine developments,<ref name="TELEMEDICINE in Member States">{{cite report|last=Kay|first=Misha|author2=Santos, Takane |title=Telemedicine opportunities and developments in Member States|series=Global Observatory for eHealth series|year=2010|volume=2|publisher=[[WHO]]|url=http://www.virtualhospital.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/WHO-Telemedicine-Developments.pdf}}</ref> American Telemedicine Association<ref>{{cite journal|last=Grady|first=Bryan|title=PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR VIDEOCONFERENCING-BASED TELEMENTAL HEALTH|journal=Practice Guidelines for Video Conferencing-based Telemental Health|date=October 2009|url=http://www.virtualhospital.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Telemedicine-guideline-report.pdf}}</ref> and the work of Zaidi, et al. and Denis Gilhooly Principal Adviser in the [[United Nations]]. |
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Telemedicine uses [[Information and communications technology|ICTs]] to overcome geographical barriers and increase access to healthcare services. This is particularly beneficial for rural and underserved communities in developing countries - groups that traditionally suffer from lack of access to healthcare.'<ref>{{cite conference|last=Gilhooly|first=Denis|title=Confronting the Diseases of Poverty: Creating a Digital He@lth Dynamic|year=2009|url=http://www.virtualhospital.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/[email protected]|location=Las Vegas, USA|conference=American Telemedicine Association Conference}}</ref> |
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2. They connect the patient's virtual hospital bed with a clinical command center which coordinates the patient's care 24-7-365 from a team of doctors, nurse's, and nurse practitioners. |
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== References == |
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3. They implement a supply chain that includes a network of partners that use the technology to connect with the clinical command center and then deliver care, (physical therapy, occupational therapy, etc.), to the patient's home. |
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== Benefits of the Virtual Hospital == |
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The benefits of a virtual hospital model where all of the technology, services, and care are delivered to the patients home are many. For the patient they're in the comfort of their own home among familiar people and surroundings. That comfort translates into less anxiety, less delirium, fewer risk of falls and infections, and ultimately faster recovery times. Additionally, without the overhead of the brick and mortar hospital and with a faster recovery time comes lower expenses. The benefits to the clinicians are reestablishing the doctor/nurse-patient relationship, increasing frequency of contact, and improving access to care. Hospitals benefit from virtual hospital partners because each established bed in the home becomes a new "virtual hospital bed" allowing for swift growth of the hospital population without the capital expenditures of new construction. |
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== Patient Experience == |
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[https://www.medicallyhome.com/eligibility/patient-experience/ The patient experience] with a patient-centric virtual hospital model begins with admission by their existing primary care physician. This often occurs upon discharge from a traditional hospital for a high acuity patient. Once approved, all of the technology is delivered to and set up in the patient's home as a temporary hospital. A robust network and backup system provides continuous patient monitoring while a supply chain of services and medications is coordinated through a clinical command center off site. |
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The Virtual Hospital, also referred to as the "Hospital at Home" or "HaH", has an international body known as the [[[https://whahc.kenes.com/2019/Pages/default.html World Hospital at Home Congress]]] founded in 2019. The annual conference<sup>1.</sup> was launched in Madrid, Spain in April 2019 and featured Dr. Bruce Leff along with doctors, directors, and CEOs from virtual hospital thought leaders from around the globe including Israel, Spain as well as representatives from Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Mount Sinai in the United States. |
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== References ==<!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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1. [https://whahc.kenes.com/2019/Pages/default.html Word Hospital at Home Congress] |
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{{Hospital articles}} |
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== External links == |
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* [https://www.medicallyhome.com/ Medically Home Group, Inc.] |
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* [https://whahc.kenes.com/2019/Pages/default.html World Hospital at Home Congress] |
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[[Category:World Health Organization]] |
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[[Category:Types of hospitals]] |
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Latest revision as of 20:48, 11 March 2024
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Virtual Hospital is an international non-government organization that operates as part of Virtual Healthcare Limited. Virtual Hospital uses telemedicine to deliver medical care to the developing world.
How Virtual Hospital Works
[edit]Virtual Hospital interconnects villages in the developing world with their main county hospitals, and hospitals in the West using Telemedicine. Virtual Hospital is based on a traditional healthcare referral system, where the patient's medical information is collected by e-clinics in rural third world communities using a computer, or mobile phone and sent to a general medical practitioner (GP) based at the Virtual Hospital (Hub). The GP at the Hub then either provides a diagnosis or refers the patient to the relevant Virtual Hospital Department where specialist consultants across the world are linked together through the Internet.
Influence on Virtual Hospital
[edit]The work of Virtual Hospital is influenced by reports published by the World Health Organization (WHO) on Telemedicine developments,[1] American Telemedicine Association[2] and the work of Zaidi, et al. and Denis Gilhooly Principal Adviser in the United Nations.
Telemedicine uses ICTs to overcome geographical barriers and increase access to healthcare services. This is particularly beneficial for rural and underserved communities in developing countries - groups that traditionally suffer from lack of access to healthcare.'[3]
References
[edit]- ^ Kay, Misha; Santos, Takane (2010). Telemedicine opportunities and developments in Member States (PDF) (Report). Global Observatory for eHealth series. Vol. 2. WHO.
- ^ Grady, Bryan (October 2009). "PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR VIDEOCONFERENCING-BASED TELEMENTAL HEALTH" (PDF). Practice Guidelines for Video Conferencing-based Telemental Health.
- ^ Gilhooly, Denis (2009). Confronting the Diseases of Poverty: Creating a Digital He@lth Dynamic (PDF). American Telemedicine Association Conference. Las Vegas, USA.