Pacific Biological Station: Difference between revisions
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==Research== |
==Research== |
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Its research facilities include the [[research vessel]] [[CCGS W. E. Ricker|CCGS ''W.E. Ricker'']] and an experimental fish farm. Key research areas are stock assessment, [[aquaculture]], marine environment, habitat science, ocean science, and productivity.<ref name="data.fptt-pftt.gc.ca2007">{{cite web|url=http://data.fptt-pftt.gc.ca/fedlabs/fedlab_e.cfm?id=164|title=Federal Labs Fisheries and Oceans Canada Pacific Biological Station|date=2007-09-19|publisher=Federal Partners in Technology Transfer|accessdate=13 April 2011}}</ref> Ongoing [[elasmobranch]] research at the PBS includes [[basking shark]]s, skate tagging, Pacific Spiny Dogfish, [[Blue Shark]] tagging, and development of aging methods.<ref name="PacificSharkResearchLab2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/elasmobranch/index-eng.htm|title=Canadian Pacific Shark Research Lab|date=2011-04-07|publisher=Fisheries and Oceans Canada|accessdate=13 April 2011}}</ref> |
Its research facilities include the [[research vessel]] [[CCGS W. E. Ricker|CCGS ''W.E. Ricker'']] and an experimental fish farm. Key research areas are stock assessment, [[aquaculture]], marine environment, habitat science, ocean science, and productivity.<ref name="data.fptt-pftt.gc.ca2007">{{cite web|url=http://data.fptt-pftt.gc.ca/fedlabs/fedlab_e.cfm?id=164|title=Federal Labs Fisheries and Oceans Canada Pacific Biological Station|date=2007-09-19|publisher=Federal Partners in Technology Transfer|accessdate=13 April 2011}}</ref> Ongoing [[elasmobranch]] research at the PBS includes [[basking shark]]s, skate tagging, Pacific Spiny Dogfish, [[Blue Shark]] tagging, and development of aging methods.<ref name="PacificSharkResearchLab2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/elasmobranch/index-eng.htm|title=Canadian Pacific Shark Research Lab|date=2011-04-07|publisher=Fisheries and Oceans Canada|accessdate=13 April 2011}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Since 1984, Station researchers store their finding in the [[GFCATCH]] database, which holds a record of all specimens removed from fisheries for study. This system was later altered in 1991 to record trawl trips and other cruising information. GFCATCH has also added records of the Station's cruising and trawling activities as well as shipping patterns since 1954. It gathers this data from both official ship logs and first-hand accounts from the crews and fishery scientists that attended those voyages. The database also keeps a catalog of the species that were studied on each expedition, ranging from [[Sponge|sea sponges]] and jelly fish to various arthropods, like shrimp. The list also categorizes various worm species, such as [[Leech|leeches]] and other [[Annelid|annelids]].<ref name=":0" /> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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Between 1944 and 2002, the [[Fisheries and Oceans Canada]] launched 652 research cruises from the Station.These cruises allowed researchers direct access to the fisheries were they investigated various aquatic animals and their ecologies. One prominent species in the Station's research has been the groundfish. These research cruises are all cataloged using an online database, [[GFCruise]]. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sinclair|first=C.A.|date=2002|title=Groundfish research cruises conducted by the Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 1944-2002.|url=|journal=Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences|volume=2617|pages=1-91|via=Biological Abstracts 1969 - Present}}</ref> |
Between 1944 and 2002, the [[Fisheries and Oceans Canada]] launched 652 research cruises from the Station. These cruises allowed researchers direct access to the fisheries were they investigated various aquatic animals and their ecologies. One prominent species in the Station's research has been the groundfish. These research cruises are all cataloged using an online database, [[GFCruise]]. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sinclair|first=C.A.|date=2002|title=Groundfish research cruises conducted by the Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 1944-2002.|url=|journal=Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences|volume=2617|pages=1-91|via=Biological Abstracts 1969 - Present}}</ref> |
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The station has conducted research expeditions and [[trawling]] missions along Canada's west coast, with expeditions to the [[Strait of Georgia]], [[Queen Charlotte Sound (Canada)|Queen Charlotte Sound]] and the [[Hecate Strait]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Rutherford|first=K.L.|date=1999|title=Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2299: A brief history of GFCATCH (1954-1995), the groundfish catch and effort database at the Pacific Biological Station|url=|journal=Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences|volume=2299|pages=1-66|via=Biological Abstracts 1969 - Present}}</ref> |
The station has conducted research expeditions and [[trawling]] missions along Canada's west coast, with expeditions to the [[Strait of Georgia]], [[Queen Charlotte Sound (Canada)|Queen Charlotte Sound]] and the [[Hecate Strait]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Rutherford|first=K.L.|date=1999|title=Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2299: A brief history of GFCATCH (1954-1995), the groundfish catch and effort database at the Pacific Biological Station|url=|journal=Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences|volume=2299|pages=1-66|via=Biological Abstracts 1969 - Present}}</ref> |
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Scientists and researchers from many different backgrounds worked at the Station during its long tenure. These researchers included freshwater biologist [[Ferris Neave]], who worked at the station from 1939 until he retired in 1966.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/people/neave_f.shtml|title=Memorable Manitobans: Ferris Neave (1901-1986)|last=|first=|date=June 4, 2014|website=Manitoba Historical Society|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=October 23, 2018}}</ref>Richard J. Beamish, a Canadian fisheries scientists, served as a groundfish researcher and later director of the station from 1980 to 1993. Statistician also work with the researchers to measure stock assessments and fishery management. [[John T. Schnute]], a mathematician from [[Texas State University]], worked at the Station for 28 years.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Schnute|first=Jon T.|date=2005|title=Mathematics and fisheries: Match or mismatch?|url=|journal=Electronic Journal of Differential Equations|volume=12|pages=143-158|via=Directory of Open Access Journals}}</ref> |
Scientists and researchers from many different backgrounds worked at the Station during its long tenure. These researchers included freshwater biologist [[Ferris Neave]], who worked at the station from 1939 until he retired in 1966.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/people/neave_f.shtml|title=Memorable Manitobans: Ferris Neave (1901-1986)|last=|first=|date=June 4, 2014|website=Manitoba Historical Society|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=October 23, 2018}}</ref> Richard J. Beamish, a Canadian fisheries scientists, served as a groundfish researcher and later director of the station from 1980 to 1993. Statistician also work with the researchers to measure stock assessments and fishery management. [[John T. Schnute]], a mathematician from [[Texas State University]], worked at the Station for 28 years.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Schnute|first=Jon T.|date=2005|title=Mathematics and fisheries: Match or mismatch?|url=|journal=Electronic Journal of Differential Equations|volume=12|pages=143-158|via=Directory of Open Access Journals}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The Station celebrated its 100th year of research in 2008. The centennial celebration included guest lecturers [[Mark Angelo]] and [[Rick Troll]], and attract 20,000 visitors from multiple fields of research.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pices.int/publications/pices_press/volume16/v16_n2/pp_35_PBS100_f.pdf|title=Pacific Biological Station Celebrates Centennial Anniversary, 1908 – 2008|last=Thiess|first=Mary|date=|work=PICES Press|access-date=}}</ref> The celebration also included guided tours of the Station's facilities, including a library and containers of circulating sea water to store specimens.<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Directory to Marine Laboratories of the United States and Canada|last=Hiatt|first=Robert W.|publisher=|year=1949|isbn=31822009444316|location=|pages=2}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Since 1984, Station researchers store their finding in the [[GFCATCH]] database, which holds a record of all specimens removed from fisheries for study. This system was later altered in 1991 to record trawl trips and other cruising information. GFCATCH has also added records of the Station's cruising and trawling activities as well as shipping patterns since 1954. It gathers this data from both official ship logs and first-hand accounts from the crews and fishery scientists that attended those voyages. The database also keeps a catalog of the species that were studied on each expedition, ranging from [[Sponge|sea sponges]] and jelly fish to various arthropods, like shrimp. The list also categorizes various worm species, such as [[Leech|leeches]] and other [[Annelid|annelids]].<ref name=":0" /> |
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| ⚫ | The Station celebrated its 100th year of research in 2008. The centennial celebration included guest lecturers [[Mark Angelo]] |
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== Scientific Discoveries == |
== Scientific Discoveries == |
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A report from the Canadian Chemistry and Metallurgy journal found early studies from the Station neglected to account for chemical factors in the fisheries they were observing This included the oxygen content of a specimen's habitat and the materials that make up the ocean sediment were many roundworms live.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Carter|first=Neal M.|date=September 1933|title=Scientific Problems of Canadian Fisheries|url=|journal=Canadian Chemistry and Metallurgy|volume=17|pages=188-190|via=Applied Science & Technology Index Retrospective: 1913-1983 (H.W. Wilson)}}</ref> |
A report from the Canadian Chemistry and Metallurgy journal found early studies from the Station neglected to account for chemical factors in the fisheries they were observing This included the oxygen content of a specimen's habitat and the materials that make up the ocean sediment were many roundworms live.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Carter|first=Neal M.|date=September 1933|title=Scientific Problems of Canadian Fisheries|url=|journal=Canadian Chemistry and Metallurgy|volume=17|pages=188-190|via=Applied Science & Technology Index Retrospective: 1913-1983 (H.W. Wilson)}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 23:59, 6 November 2018
The Pacific Biological Station (acronym: PBS) is located on Hammond Bay Road in Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada. Established in 1908,[1] with the Rev. George William Taylor as its first director and sole employee[2], it is the oldest fisheries research center on the Pacific coast. Operated by Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the station forms a network with eight other scientific facilities.[3]
Together with the St. Andrew's Biological Station in New Brunswick, the Pacific Biological Station was designated a National Historic Event in 2011.[4]
Research
Its research facilities include the research vessel CCGS W.E. Ricker and an experimental fish farm. Key research areas are stock assessment, aquaculture, marine environment, habitat science, ocean science, and productivity.[5] Ongoing elasmobranch research at the PBS includes basking sharks, skate tagging, Pacific Spiny Dogfish, Blue Shark tagging, and development of aging methods.[6]
Since 1984, Station researchers store their finding in the GFCATCH database, which holds a record of all specimens removed from fisheries for study. This system was later altered in 1991 to record trawl trips and other cruising information. GFCATCH has also added records of the Station's cruising and trawling activities as well as shipping patterns since 1954. It gathers this data from both official ship logs and first-hand accounts from the crews and fishery scientists that attended those voyages. The database also keeps a catalog of the species that were studied on each expedition, ranging from sea sponges and jelly fish to various arthropods, like shrimp. The list also categorizes various worm species, such as leeches and other annelids.[7]
History
Between 1944 and 2002, the Fisheries and Oceans Canada launched 652 research cruises from the Station. These cruises allowed researchers direct access to the fisheries were they investigated various aquatic animals and their ecologies. One prominent species in the Station's research has been the groundfish. These research cruises are all cataloged using an online database, GFCruise. [8]
The station has conducted research expeditions and trawling missions along Canada's west coast, with expeditions to the Strait of Georgia, Queen Charlotte Sound and the Hecate Strait.[7]
Scientists and researchers from many different backgrounds worked at the Station during its long tenure. These researchers included freshwater biologist Ferris Neave, who worked at the station from 1939 until he retired in 1966.[9] Richard J. Beamish, a Canadian fisheries scientists, served as a groundfish researcher and later director of the station from 1980 to 1993. Statistician also work with the researchers to measure stock assessments and fishery management. John T. Schnute, a mathematician from Texas State University, worked at the Station for 28 years.[10]
The Station celebrated its 100th year of research in 2008. The centennial celebration included guest lecturers Mark Angelo and Rick Troll, and attract 20,000 visitors from multiple fields of research.[11] The celebration also included guided tours of the Station's facilities, including a library and containers of circulating sea water to store specimens.[12]
Scientific Discoveries
A report from the Canadian Chemistry and Metallurgy journal found early studies from the Station neglected to account for chemical factors in the fisheries they were observing This included the oxygen content of a specimen's habitat and the materials that make up the ocean sediment were many roundworms live.[13]
Studies headed by Richard Beamish discovered new techniques for determining the ages of fish. This discovery has altered the way many fisheries monitor their stocks to prevent themselves from over harvesting. The study also found the Pacific ocean perch could live up to 100 years.[14]
Station fishery research has also contributed to mathematical studies to improve management of major Pacific fisheries. These studies also provided possible alternatives to to existing fishery models and offer greater insight into the relationship between the fishery activities and the Pacific environment.[10]
See also
References
- ^ "Pacific Biological Station (PBS)". University of Guelph. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ Sakaki, Greg (2016-11-22). "BCLocalNews.com - Timeless tales: Biological station was ahead of its time". Nanaimo News Bulletin. Retrieved 2017-06-09.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ "Pacific Biological Station". Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 2010-03-26. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ "Biological station gets national recognition - Nanaimo News Bulletin". Nanaimo News Bulletin. 2011-08-02. Retrieved 2017-06-06.
- ^ "Federal Labs Fisheries and Oceans Canada Pacific Biological Station". Federal Partners in Technology Transfer. 2007-09-19. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ "Canadian Pacific Shark Research Lab". Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 2011-04-07. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ a b Rutherford, K.L. (1999). "Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2299: A brief history of GFCATCH (1954-1995), the groundfish catch and effort database at the Pacific Biological Station". Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2299: 1–66 – via Biological Abstracts 1969 - Present.
- ^ Sinclair, C.A. (2002). "Groundfish research cruises conducted by the Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 1944-2002". Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2617: 1–91 – via Biological Abstracts 1969 - Present.
- ^ "Memorable Manitobans: Ferris Neave (1901-1986)". Manitoba Historical Society. June 4, 2014. Retrieved October 23, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ a b Schnute, Jon T. (2005). "Mathematics and fisheries: Match or mismatch?". Electronic Journal of Differential Equations. 12: 143–158 – via Directory of Open Access Journals.
- ^ Thiess, Mary. "Pacific Biological Station Celebrates Centennial Anniversary, 1908 – 2008" (PDF). PICES Press.
- ^ Hiatt, Robert W. (1949). A Directory to Marine Laboratories of the United States and Canada. p. 2. ISBN 31822009444316.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: length (help) - ^ Carter, Neal M. (September 1933). "Scientific Problems of Canadian Fisheries". Canadian Chemistry and Metallurgy. 17: 188–190 – via Applied Science & Technology Index Retrospective: 1913-1983 (H.W. Wilson).
- ^ "Richard J. Beamish". science.ca. June 6, 2015. Retrieved November 6, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help)
Further reading
- (1979). "The Pacific Biological Station". In Norcross, E. Blanche. Nanaimo Retrospective: The First Century. Nanaimo Historical Society. pp. 140-141.