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The '''Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI''' is an incremental improvement to the [[Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI]]. This was one of a series of large bombers called [[Zeppelin-Staaken Riesenflugzeuge|''Riesenflugzeuge'']] intended to be less vulnerable than [[Airship|dirigibles]] in use at the time.
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
| name=Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI
| name=Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI
| image=File:Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI WW1 bomber 1.jpg
| image=
| caption=
| caption=Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI (R.50)
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
| type=Bomber
| type=Bomber
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| unit cost= 557,000 marks <!--Incremental or flyaway cost for military or retail price for commercial aircraft-->
| unit cost= 557,000 marks <!--Incremental or flyaway cost for military or retail price for commercial aircraft-->
| developed from=
| developed from=
| variants with their own articles=[[Zeppelin-Staaken R.V]], [[Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI]], [[Zeppelin-Staaken R.VII]], [[Zeppelin-Staaken R.XIV]], [[Zeppelin-Staaken R.XV]], [[Zeppelin-Staaken Riesenflugzeuge]]
| variants with their own articles=[[Zeppelin-Staaken Riesenflugzeuge]]
}}
}}
|}
|}

The '''Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI(Av)''' was a very large bomber (Riesenflugzeug), designed and built in Germany during 1918.


==Development==
==Development==
⚫
The R.XVI, an incremental improvement to the [[Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI]], was one of a series of large bombers called [[Zeppelin-Staaken Riesenflugzeuge|''Riesenflugzeuge'']], intended to be less vulnerable than [[Airship|dirigibles]] in use at the time. The R.XVI had four engines in a push-pull configuration, mounted in nacelles large enough for some inflight maintenance by flight mechanics, housed in nacelles between the engines.<ref>{{cite web|title=Zeppelin-Stakken|url=http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=117639|access-date=7 October 2010}}</ref>
The Staaken Bomber had two engine pods with 4 engines in a push-pull configuration. The pods were large enough for some in-flight maintenance.
<ref>{{cite web|title=Zeppelin-Stakken|url=http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=117639|accessdate=7 October 2010}}</ref> The engines were effectively a V-12, with two V-6 engines mated in a pusher-tractor configuration with a common crankshaft to produce over 550 HP for the pair.<ref>{{cite book|title=World encyclopaedia of aero engines: all major aircraft power plants, from the Wright brothers to the present day|author=
Bill Gunston}}</ref>
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<!-- ==Design== may be combined with above as "Design and development" -->


Three aircraft were ordered to be completed by [[Automobil & Aviatik A.G.]], at [[Leipzig-Heiterblick]].<ref name=Haddow>{{cite book |last=Haddow |first=G.W. |title=The German Giants, The Story of the R-planes 1914-1919 |year=1988 |publisher=Putnam |location=London |isbn=0-85177-812-7 |edition=3rd |author2=PeterM Grosz}}</ref> Only two R.XVIs were completed and only one of these, (R.49), flew before the Armistice on 11 November 1918. The third R.XVI (R.51) was 3/4 complete at the Armistice but was never completed.<ref name=Haddow/>
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<!-- ==Design== may be combined with above as "Design and development" -->
[[File:Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI WW1bomber 2.jpg|thumb|R.50 in flight.]]
==Operational history==
==Operational history==
Flight testing was carried out by R.49 during the war from September 1918, until a landing accident in October caused significant damage which was unlikely to have been repaired. The second aircraft, (R.50), was completed in 1919 as a civilian airliner, continuing the flight test programme until being flown to [[Dallgow-Döberitz|Döberitz]] for storage in November 1919.<ref name=Haddow/>
3 Staaken R.XIVa (Schül), were scheduled to be built under license by the Schütte-Lanz company. One was only partially completed by January 1919. All were destroyed to prevent falling into enemy hands.
A Staaken R.XIVa built by Staaken was completed on 19 October 1918<ref>{{cite book|title=Reconnaissance & bomber aircraft of the 1914-1918 war|author=William Melville Lamberton}}</ref> and was chartered by the post-War Ukrainian government to fly money into the Ukraine, but was seized by the Inter-Allied Control Commission at Aspern, near Vienna, after it returned from Ukraine. It was subsequently turned over to the Italians.
<!-- ==Variants== -->
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==Specifications (Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI(Av))==
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==Operators==
* {{flag|German Empire}}

⚫
==Specifications (Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI)==
{{Aircraft specs
{{Aircraft specs
|ref={{citation needed|date=October 2014}}
|ref=<!-- for giving the reference for the data -->
|prime units?=met
|prime units?=met<!-- imp or kts first for US aircraft, and UK aircraft pre-metrification, met(ric) first for all others. You MUST choose a format, or no specifications will show -->
<!--
<!--
General characteristics
General characteristics
-->
-->
|genhide=
|genhide=
|crew=7
|crew=seven
|capacity=
|capacity=
|length m=22.1
|length m=22.5
|length ft=
|length ft=
|length in=
|length in=
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|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|width note=
|width note=
|height m=6.3
|height m=6.5
|height ft=
|height ft=
|height in=
|height in=
|height note=
|height note=
|wing area sqm=332
|wing area sqm=340
|wing area sqft=
|wing area sqft=
|wing area note=
|wing area note=
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|aspect ratio=<!-- give where relevant eg sailplanes -->
|aspect ratio=<!-- give where relevant eg sailplanes -->
|airfoil=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=7921
|empty weight kg=10400
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=11848
|gross weight kg=14,650
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|gross weight note=
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-->
-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=Benz Bz.VI pusher engine
|eng1 name=[[Benz Bz.VI]] (pusher)
|eng1 type=
|eng1 type=V-12 water-cooled piston engines
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=530<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=530<!-- prop engines -->
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|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 number=2
|eng2 number=2
|eng2 name=[[Benz Bz.IV|Benz Bz.IV tractor engines]]
|eng2 name=[[Benz Bz.IV]] (tractor)
|eng2 type=
|eng2 type=6-cyl. water-cooled in-line piston engines
|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=220<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=220<!-- prop engines -->
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|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|more power=
|more power=
|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop blade number=2<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop name=fixed-pitch wooden tractor and pusher propellers
|prop name=
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
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-->
-->
|perfhide=
|perfhide=
|max speed kmh=
|max speed kmh=130
|max speed mph=
|max speed mph=
|max speed kts=
|max speed kts=
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|ferry range note=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=
|ceiling m=3710
|ceiling ft=
|ceiling ft=
|ceiling note=
|ceiling note=
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|sink rate note=
|sink rate note=
|lift to drag=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|wing loading note=
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Armament
Armament
-->
-->
|guns=Provision for nose, dorsal, ventral and two upper-wing machine-gun positions
|armament=<!-- add (bulleted list) here or if you want to use the following specific parameters, remove this parameter-->
|guns=
|bombs=
|bombs= 1800
|rockets=
|missiles=
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=
|other armament=
|avionics=
}}
}}

<!-- ==See also== -->
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{{aircontent
{{aircontent
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==References==
==References==
{{commonscat|Zeppelin-Staaken}}
{{commons category|Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI}}
{{Refbegin}}
{{Refbegin}}
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*The German Giants by G.W. Haddow and Peter M. Grosz.
*The German Giants by G.W. Haddow and Peter M. Grosz.
{{Refend}}
{{Refend}}

<!-- ==Further reading== -->
<!-- ==External links== -->
==External links==
http://aeiou.iicm.tugraz.at/aeiou.film.f/f041a A Zeppelin-Staaken R XIVa airplane lands in Aspern, 1919
* http://aeiou.iicm.tugraz.at/aeiou.film.f/f041a A Zeppelin-Staaken R XIVa airplane lands in Aspern, 1919

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{{Zeppelin aircraft}}
{{Idflieg R-class designations}}
{{Idflieg R-class designations}}
{{wwi-air}}
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{{Zeppelin-Staaken aircraft}}
[[Category:Zeppelin-Staaken]]
{{Aviation lists}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Zeppelin-Staaken R.Xvi}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zeppelin-Staaken R.Xvi}}
[[Category:German bomber aircraft 1910–1919]]
[[Category:Zeppelin-Staaken]]
[[Category:1910s German bomber aircraft]]
[[Category:Military aircraft of World War I]]
[[Category:Military aircraft of World War I]]
[[Category:Pusher aircraft]]
[[Category:Pusher aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1918]]

Latest revision as of 10:40, 1 January 2024

Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI
Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI (R.50)
Role Bomber
National origin Germany
Manufacturer Schütte-Lanz
Designer Graf von Zeppelin
First flight 1918
Primary user Luftstreitkräfte
Variants Zeppelin-Staaken Riesenflugzeuge

The Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI(Av) was a very large bomber (Riesenflugzeug), designed and built in Germany during 1918.

Development

[edit]

The R.XVI, an incremental improvement to the Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI, was one of a series of large bombers called Riesenflugzeuge, intended to be less vulnerable than dirigibles in use at the time. The R.XVI had four engines in a push-pull configuration, mounted in nacelles large enough for some inflight maintenance by flight mechanics, housed in nacelles between the engines.[1]

Three aircraft were ordered to be completed by Automobil & Aviatik A.G., at Leipzig-Heiterblick.[2] Only two R.XVIs were completed and only one of these, (R.49), flew before the Armistice on 11 November 1918. The third R.XVI (R.51) was 3/4 complete at the Armistice but was never completed.[2]

R.50 in flight.

Operational history

[edit]

Flight testing was carried out by R.49 during the war from September 1918, until a landing accident in October caused significant damage which was unlikely to have been repaired. The second aircraft, (R.50), was completed in 1919 as a civilian airliner, continuing the flight test programme until being flown to Döberitz for storage in November 1919.[2]

Specifications (Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI(Av))

[edit]

Data from [citation needed]

General characteristics

  • Crew: seven
  • Length: 22.5 m (73 ft 10 in)
  • Wingspan: 42.2 m (138 ft 5 in)
  • Height: 6.5 m (21 ft 4 in)
  • Wing area: 340 m2 (3,700 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 10,400 kg (22,928 lb)
  • Gross weight: 14,650 kg (32,298 lb)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Benz Bz.VI (pusher) V-12 water-cooled piston engines, 400 kW (530 hp) each
  • Powerplant: 2 × Benz Bz.IV (tractor) 6-cyl. water-cooled in-line piston engines, 160 kW (220 hp) each
  • Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch wooden tractor and pusher propellers

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 130 km/h (81 mph, 70 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 135 km/h (84 mph, 73 kn)
  • Range: 800 km (500 mi, 430 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 3,710 m (12,170 ft)

Armament

  • Guns: Provision for nose, dorsal, ventral and two upper-wing machine-gun positions

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Zeppelin-Stakken". Retrieved 7 October 2010.
  2. ^ a b c Haddow, G.W.; PeterM Grosz (1988). The German Giants, The Story of the R-planes 1914-1919 (3rd ed.). London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-812-7.

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI.
  • A. K. Rohrbach, “Das 1000-PS Verkehrsflugzeug der Zeppelin-Werke, Staaken,” Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffahrt, vol. 12, no. 1 (15 January 1921);
  • E. Offermann, W. G. Noack, and A. R. Weyl, Riesenflugzeuge, in: Handbuch der Flugzeugkunde (Richard Carl Schmidt & Co., 1927).
  • The German Giants by G.W. Haddow and Peter M. Grosz.
[edit]
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