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{{distinguish|Crib lighthouse}}
[[File:Carter-harrison-chicago-crib.jpg|thumb|[[Water cribs in Chicago#Current and former water cribs|William E. Dever Crib]] in Chicago, IL]]
[[File:Carter-harrison-chicago-crib.jpg|thumb|[[Water cribs in Chicago#Current and former water cribs|William E. Dever Crib]] in Chicago, IL]]
'''Water cribs''' are offshore structures that collect water from close to the bottom of a lake to supply a pumping station onshore. The name crib is derived from the function of the structure—to surround and protect the intake shaft. Water cribs were built extensively in the [[Great Lakes]] region, as the hardrock bottoms of these water bodies provided ideal foundations.<ref name="NPS">{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/maritime/nhlpa/handbook/HistoricLighthousePreservationHandbook_04_Part2.pdf|title=History of the Lighthouse Service and Lighthouse Construction Types|publisher=www.nps.gov|page=8-9|accessdate=February 27, 2018}}</ref> Cities supplied with drinking water collected by water cribs include [[Water cribs in Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]], where two of the originally built nine cribs are in active use.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/mayor/Press%20Room/Press%20Releases/2014/March/03.26.14bancmap.pdf|title=2014 DWM Capital Plan|last=|first=|date=2014|website=City of Chicago|publisher=City of Chicago|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref> Water cribs were also used as residences for caretakers who would live in the structure year round. Jobs included clearing debris and maintaining valves, gears, and instruments to keep the water flowing. These jobs have since been automated leaving no need for a full time keeper.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/local/2015/08/23/Water-intake-crib-was-once-a-home.html|title=Toledo water intake crib was once a home|work=www.toledoblade.com|author=Ignazio Messina|date=August 23, 2015|accessdate=February 28, 2018}}</ref>
'''Water cribs''' are offshore structures that collect water from close to the bottom of a lake to supply a pumping station onshore. The name crib is derived from the function of the structure—to surround and protect the intake shaft. Cities supplied with drinking water collected by water cribs include [[Chicago]], where two of the nine originally built cribs are in active use.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/mayor/Press%20Room/Press%20Releases/2014/March/03.26.14bancmap.pdf|title=2014 DWM Capital Plan|last=|first=|date=2014|website=City of Chicago|publisher=City of Chicago|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref> Water cribs were also used as residences for caretakers who would live in the structure year round. Jobs included clearing debris and maintaining valves, gears, and instruments to keep the water flowing. These jobs have since been automated with periodic maintenance leaving no need for a full-time caretaker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/local/2015/08/23/Water-intake-crib-was-once-a-home.html|title=Toledo water intake crib was once a home|work=www.toledoblade.com|author=Ignazio Messina|date=August 23, 2015|accessdate=February 28, 2018}}</ref>


==Major cities with water cribs==
==Major cities with water cribs==


{| class="wikitable sortable"
[[Cleveland|Cleveland, Ohio]];
|-
! City
! Active cribs<ref group=lower-alpha>This table shows above-water cribs only.</ref>
! Source
|-
| [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lighthousefriends.com/light.asp?ID=299|title=Buffalo Intake Crib Lighthouse|website=LighthouseFriends|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref> <!--This isn't a "crib lighthouse" but a lighthouse lantern that was moved to the top of a "water crib".-->
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| [[Lake Erie]]
|-
| [[Water cribs in Chicago|Chicago]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
⚫
| [[Lake Michigan]]
|-
⚫
| [[Cleveland]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.10news.com/money/dont-waste-your-money/walking-on-cleveland-water-crib-that-pumps-millions-of-gallons-to-city-and-suburbs_82948499|title=Walking on Cleveland water crib that pumps millions of gallons to city and suburbs|date=2012-10-02|website=10News|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"| 1<ref group=lower-alpha>Three of Cleveland's active cribs are submerged in Lake Erie.</ref>
| Lake Erie
|-
⚫
| [[Toledo, Ohio|Toledo]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wtol.com/story/7912109/ecotrack-11-where-does-our-drinking-water-come-from|title=EcoTrack 11: Where does our drinking water come from?|website=www.wtol.com|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| Lake Erie
|}


==Notes==
⚫
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.10news.com/money/dont-waste-your-money/walking-on-cleveland-water-crib-that-pumps-millions-of-gallons-to-city-and-suburbs_82948499|title=Walking on Cleveland water crib that pumps millions of gallons to city and suburbs|date=2012-10-02|website=10News|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

[[Buffalo, New York]];

[[Oregon, Ohio]];

<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oregonohio.org/water-department/water/water-plant.html|title=Water Plant {{!}} City of Oregon, Ohio|website=www.oregonohio.org|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>

[[Toledo, Ohio]];

⚫
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wtol.com/story/7912109/ecotrack-11-where-does-our-drinking-water-come-from|title=EcoTrack 11: Where does our drinking water come from?|website=www.wtol.com|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref> and

⚫
[[Monroe County, Michigan]].

<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/frontpage/2008/01/22/Ice-jam-clogs-intakes-cuts-off-Monroe-water.html|title=Ice jam clogs intakes, cuts off Monroe water - The Blade|website=www.toledoblade.com|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>

⚫
==Lighthouse use==

Water cribs were also used as a lighthouse foundation type. These wooden cribs were constructed onshore then towed to the site where they were filled with stone so they sank in place. The crib was then leveled and capped with concrete or masonry on which the lighthouse structure was constructed.<ref name="NPS"/> The [[Buffalo Intake Crib Lighthouse]], and [[Dunne Crib Lighthouse]] are two examples of this type of structure.<ref name="Crib lighthouse">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lighthousefriends.com/light.asp?ID=299|title=Buffalo Intake Crib Lighthouse|website=LighthouseFriends|access-date=2016-06-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lighthousefriends.com/light.asp?ID=864|title=68th Street Crib (Dunne Crib) Lighthouse|work=Lighthousefriends|accessdate=February 28, 2018}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

== See also ==
⚫
* [[Lighthouse]]
* [[Crib lighthouse]]


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|Water cribs}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Water cribs}}

{{Lighthouses}}


{{Watersupply-stub}}
{{Watersupply-stub}}
[[Category:Water supply infrastructure]]
[[Category:Water supply infrastructure]]
[[Category:Lighthouses]]

Latest revision as of 14:13, 31 May 2021

Not to be confused with Crib lighthouse.
William E. Dever Crib in Chicago, IL

Water cribs are offshore structures that collect water from close to the bottom of a lake to supply a pumping station onshore. The name crib is derived from the function of the structure—to surround and protect the intake shaft. Cities supplied with drinking water collected by water cribs include Chicago, where two of the nine originally built cribs are in active use.[1] Water cribs were also used as residences for caretakers who would live in the structure year round. Jobs included clearing debris and maintaining valves, gears, and instruments to keep the water flowing. These jobs have since been automated with periodic maintenance leaving no need for a full-time caretaker.[2]

Major cities with water cribs

[edit]
City Active cribs[a] Source
Buffalo[3] 1 Lake Erie
Chicago 2 Lake Michigan
Cleveland[4] 1[b] Lake Erie
Toledo[5] 1 Lake Erie

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ This table shows above-water cribs only.
  2. ^ Three of Cleveland's active cribs are submerged in Lake Erie.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2014 DWM Capital Plan" (PDF). City of Chicago. City of Chicago. 2014. Retrieved 2016-06-12.
  2. ^ Ignazio Messina (August 23, 2015). "Toledo water intake crib was once a home". www.toledoblade.com. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
  3. ^ "Buffalo Intake Crib Lighthouse". LighthouseFriends. Retrieved 2016-06-12.
  4. ^ "Walking on Cleveland water crib that pumps millions of gallons to city and suburbs". 10News. 2012-10-02. Retrieved 2016-06-12.
  5. ^ "EcoTrack 11: Where does our drinking water come from?". www.wtol.com. Retrieved 2016-06-12.

See also

[edit]
[edit]
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