Talk:Food
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Wiki Education assignment: Principles of Engineering
[edit] This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 15 August 2023 and 20 December 2023. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): KaseanaW1 (article contribs).
Gender connotations in food
[edit]I would like to add a section about gender connotations in food:
Generally, each species of the animal kingdom eats what is necessary to stay alive, whether males, females or baby animals. Food has no classifications, conditions or gender, it is eaten solely for survival instinct. However, there are exceptions where there are sex differences in food preferences. For example, female White_stork have been shown to tend to choose different types of birds for food, unlike males, who tend to prefer mammals. These differences are mostly attributed to differences in parental duties, physiology and anatomy of this animal.[1]
In the human world, in addition to the physiology, anatomy and parental duties of each individual, there is a species-specific phenomenon that greatly affects food choices, namely Gender_role stereotypes. A gender-based stereotype about food has been developing over the years, where certain types of food have gender connotations.
Based on gender stereotypes depicting men as agentic and women as communal, ingrained in our day to day, people have cultural expectations about what a masculine man or feminine woman should eat and in what quantity.[2] Moreover, these ideas are so ingrained in our day to day that the food intake and people ́s food choices can be influenced by the physical appearance of someone or the mere presence of others.[3]
Unlike animals, humans tend to regulate the type of food they eat and the amount they consume as a method of expressing their Gender_identity.[4] This distinctly human phenomenon leads people to engage in behaviors and eating patterns that are influenced, often unconsciously, by these stereotypes of feminine or masculine food, for example, the classic thought that meat is for men and salads are for women.
For meat supply and processing, powerful actions are needed, such as hunting, which represents strength, aggressiveness and virility. Due to the Patriarchy, these characteristics have been associated with men, so meat is a product with a masculine connotation that serves as a symbolic marker. On the other hand, femininity is more associated to the quantity of food, that is, to what women do not eat.[5] For this reason, dieting or eating light has a feminine connotation, and is often mocked in the world of men. Foods such as vegetables, fish and fruits carry a more feminine tradition, with softer characteristics, more delicate care and easier supply.
By living in a social environment, individuals acquire and learn a masculine or feminine eating style, congruent to their gender.[6] This eating style has an impact on their food-related practices and preferences, and also has social consequences. For example, on a global scale, it has been confirmed that both men and women who eat feminine foods are classified as more feminine than people who choose food with a masculine connotation.[7] The above demonstrates the power that food-related gender stereotypes have in affecting personal gender identity, which is why people tend to avoid food that is incongruent with their reference group, because this does not follow the supposedly appropriate behavioral patterns of their gender.
To understand the effect of gender on eating and drinking behaviours, it is very important to consider culture, since the same phenomena do not occur everywhere. For example, in countries like the USA, spicy food is gender-stereotyped, where it is associated with masculinity. However, in countries like Mexico, there is a spicy and chili culinary culture where everyone eats this type of food without being gender dependent.[8] Space and time play an important role in classifying foods as masculine or feminine. Camcar27 (talk) 14:40, 13 December 2023 (UTC)
— Assignment last updated by Bflx 11 (talk) 15:51, 25 October 2023 (UTC)
- I'm not helping you add it. Similar text has been reverted in other articles you've added it to. It's grossly generalised. Graham87 (talk) 15:12, 13 December 2023 (UTC)
References
- ^ Kwieciński, Z., Rosin, Z.M., Dylewski, Ł. et al. (2017). Sexual differences in food preferences in the white stork: an experimental study. Sci Nat 104, 39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-017-1457-5
- ^ Rodrigues, H., et al. (2020). “Femininities & masculinities: Sex, gender, and stereotypes in food studies”. Current Opinion in Food Science. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214799320300448#preview-section-references
- ^ Otterbring, T. (2018). “Healthy or wealthy? Attractive individuals induce sex-specific food preferences”. Food Quality and Preference, 70, 11-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.02.014
- ^ Rodrigues, H., et al. (2020). “Femininities & masculinities: Sex, gender, and stereotypes in food studies”. Current Opinion in Food Science. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214799320300448#preview-section-references
- ^ Cavazza, N., Guidetti, M., & Butera, F. (2015). Ingredients of gender-based stereotypes about food: Indirect influence of food type, portion size and presentation on gendered intentions to eat. Appetite, 91, 266-272. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195666315002147?via%3Dihub
- ^ Rolls, B. J., Fedoroff, I. C., & Guthrie, J. F. (1991). Gender differences in eating behavior and body weight regulation. Health Psychology, 10(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.10.2.133
- ^ Chaiken, S., & Pliner, P. (1987). Women, but not Men, Are What They Eat: The Effect of Meal Size and Gender on Perceived Femininity and Masculinity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 13(2), 166 176. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167287132003
- ^ Cavazza, N., Guidetti, M., & Butera, F. (2015). Ingredients of gender-based stereotypes about food: Indirect influence of food type, portion size and presentation on gendered intentions to eat. Appetite, 91, 266-272. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195666315002147?via%3Dihub
Wiki Education assignment: Introduction to Community Economic and Social Development II
[edit] This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 9 January 2024 and 12 April 2024. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Gurnaaz11 (article contribs).
— Assignment last updated by Gurnaaz11 (talk) 20:46, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 25 July 2024
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Add word "Dijo". It is a Tswana name for "Food". Commonly used in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia as an official language. Tswana-bw (talk) 10:13, 25 July 2024 (UTC)
Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Left guide (talk) 10:51, 25 July 2024 (UTC)
Misleading image
[edit]The article defines food as anything consumed, including drinks. But the image doesn't include any drinks, implying a different definitions (food vs drinks). Rollinginhisgrave (talk) 15:26, 11 August 2024 (UTC)
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