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257th Infantry Division

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257th Infantry Division
257. Infanterie-Division
ActiveSeptember 1939 – August 1944
Country Nazi Germany
BranchArmy
TypeInfantry
SizeDivision
EngagementsWorld War II

The 257th Infantry Division (German: 257. Infanterie-Division) was an infantry division of the German Army during World War II.

The division was destroyed in combat in August 1944 and formally dissolved on 9 October 1944. The division was redeployed as the 257th Volksgrenadier Division (German: 257. Volks-Grenadier-Division) on 13 October 1944, using personnel from the 587th Volksgrenadier Division.

History

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257th Infantry Division

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The 257th Infantry Division was formed in Berlin-Karlshorst in Wehrkreis III as a division of the fourth Aufstellungswelle on 26 August 1939, the day of German mobilization. It initially consisted of the Infantry Regiments 457, 466, and 477, as well as the Artillery Regiment 257. The three infantry regiments of the division took their initial battalions from several reserve formations of Wehrkreis III, including Infantry Regiment 8 (Frankfurt an der Oder), Infantry Regiment 9 (Wittenberg), Infantry Regiment 39 (Grünberg in Schlesien), Infantry Regiment 67 (Berlin-Spandau), Infantry Regiment 68 (Rathenow), and Infantry Regiment 150 (Berlin-Tegel).[1] The initial commander of the 257th Infantry Division was Max von Viebahn.[2]

After the Invasion of Poland, in which the division served a reserve role under Army Group South, it was used as an occupation force in the Kraków sector.[2]

On 29 January 1940, the 257th Infantry Division passed an infantry battalion of the 466th Regiment to the 293rd Infantry Division of the eighth Aufstellungswelle.[1]

In June 1940, during the Battle of France, the 257th Infantry Division stood opposite the Maginot Line, under the supervision of Army Group C. After the conclusion of the western campaign, the division was transferred back to Poland.[2]

On 4 October 1940, a third of the division was transferred to the 123rd Infantry Division of the eleventh Aufstellungswelle.[1]

Karl Sachs took command of the division on 1 March 1941.[2]

Between June 1941 and the summer of 1942, the 257th Infantry Division fought continuous battles in the German-Soviet war. It engaged in combat at Uman and participated in the encirclement of Kiev.[2] On 30 June 1941, elements of the division captured Bóbrka.[3] At the end of the year 1941, the 257th Infantry Division engaged in defensive operations against the Soviet winter campaign of 1941–42.[2]

In May 1942, the division fought in the Second Battle of Kharkov.[2] The 257th Infantry Division was now commanded by Karl Gümbel, who had assumed his post on 1 May 1942. Gümbel would be shortly replaced by Carl Püchler on 1 June.[2]

On 5 November 1943, Anton Reichard von Mauchenheim genannt Bechtolsheim assumed command of the division.[2]

On 2 July 1944, Friedrich Blümke assumed command of the division.[2]

In August 1944, the 257th Infantry Division was destroyed while under the supervision of Army Group South. It was formally dissolved on 9 October 1944.[1] Its final commander, appointed on 1 October 1944, had been Erich Seidel.[2]

257th Volksgrenadier Division

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257th Volksgrenadier Division
257. Volksgrenadier-Division
ActiveOctober 1944 – May 1945
Country Nazi Germany
BranchArmy
TypeInfantry
SizeDivision
EngagementsWorld War II

The 257th Volksgrenadier Division was activated on 13 October 1944, using survivors of the 257th Infantry Division as well as the personnel of Shadow Division Groß-Görschen, also known as the 587th Volksgrenadier Division, a division of the thirty-second Aufstellungswelle. The Grenadier Regiments of the 257th Volksgrenadier Division were still numbered 457, 466, and 477, as they had been under the 257th Infantry Division.[1]

The 257th Volksgrenadier Division was captured by United States Army forces at Füssen in May 1945.[1]

The 257th Volksgrenadier Division's only commander was Erich Seidel.[2]

Superior formations

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Organizational chart of the 257th Infantry Division[1]
Year Month Army Corps Army Army Group Area
As "257th Infantry Division", September 1939 – October 1944
1939 September Army Group reserves. Army Group South Kraków
December XXIV 1st Army Army Group C Saarpfalz
1940 January Army reserves.
May XXIV
June XXXVII Maginot Line
July – August XXXIV 18th Army None. Poland
September – December 12th Army Army Group B
1941 January – April 17th Army South Poland
May Army Group A
June – July XXXXIX Army Group South Lviv, Vinnytsia
August LII Uman
September XI Dnieper
October LII Kiev
November – December XXXXIV Donetsk
1942 January – May
June – July 1st Panzer Army
August Army Group reserves. Army Group D France
September LXXXIII Felber Champagne
October – December XXV 7th Army Brittany
1943 January – March
April In transit. 1st Panzer Army Army Group South Donetsk
May – September XXXX
October – December XXX Kryvyi Rih
1944 January 6th Army Nikopol
February LVII
March Army Group A Tighina
April – July XXX Army Group South Ukraine Kishinev
August "Status unknown", according to German records. In reality: Destroyed in combat.[1]
As "257th Volksgrenadier Division", October 1944 – May 1945
1944 October – December In deployment.
1945 January LXXXX 1st Army Army Group G Lower Alsace
February – March LXXXIX Saarpfalz
April LXIV 19th Army Oberbefehlshaber West Karlsruhe / Danube

Noteworthy individuals

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Tessin, Georg (1973). "257". Die Landstreitkräfte 201–280. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939-1945 (in German). Vol. 8. Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag. pp. 245–250. ISBN 3764808721.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Mitcham, Samuel W. (2007). "257th Infantry (later Volksgrenadier) Division". German Order of Battle. Volume One. 1st-290th Infantry Divisions in World War II. Stackpole Books. pp. 306–308. ISBN 9780811734165.
  3. ^ Kruglov, Alexander; Ester-Basya, Vaisman (2012). "Bóbrka". In Dean, Martin; Megargee, Geoffrey P. (eds.). Ghettos In German-Occupied Eastern Europe. United States Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Vol. 2 A. Bloomington/Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 750–751. ISBN 9780253002020.