firma

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See also: Firma, fîrma, firmá, firmà, firmă, and firmą

Catalan

Verb

firma

  1. inflection of firmar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Classical Nahuatl

Etymology

From Spanish firma.

Noun

fīrma

  1. A signature.
    • 1586: testimony of Don Juan
      auh yn don diego de velasco ynic quineltilia huel ymatica quitlalia yn ifirma yhuã ytoca
      But to verify it don Diego de Velasco with his very own hand places here his signature and name.-
    • 1645: sale of house and land by Agustín de Santiago to Juan Gómez Monteagudo, Spaniard, and wife
      ypanpa nican nictlallia nofirma
      wherefore I set down here my signature
    • 1720: confirmation of the status of fields belonging to Santa Elena
      ca nican tictlalia yn tofirma
      Here we set down our signatures

References

  • Lockhart, James (1991) Nahuas and Spaniards: Postconquest Central Mexican History and Philology, Stanford: Stanford University Press, pages 87, 100, 104

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Italian firma (“signature of a company”).

Noun

firma

  1. firm (company)
    Synonym: şirket

Declension

Declension of firma
nominative firma
genitive firmanıñ
dative firmağa
accusative firmanı
locative firmada
ablative firmadan

References

  • Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian firma.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈfɪrma]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

firma f

  1. firm (business)

Declension

Declension of firma (hard feminine reducible)
singular plural
nominative firma firmy
genitive firmy firem
dative firmě firmám
accusative firmu firmy
vocative firmo firmy
locative firmě firmách
instrumental firmou firmami

See also

Further reading

  • “firma”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
  • “firma”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Etymology

From Italian firma.

Pronunciation

Noun

firma f (plural firma's, diminutive firmaatje n)

  1. a large-scale company, a firm

Synonyms

Descendants

  • → Indonesian: firma

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin firmus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

firma (accusative singular firman, plural firmaj, accusative plural firmajn)

  1. firm (solid, fixed, or steadfast)

Estonian

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

firma (genitive firma, partitive firmat)

  1. (business) firm, company
    Synonym: ettevõte

Declension

Declension of firma (type pere)
singular plural
nominative firma firmad
genitive firma firmade
partitive firmat firmasid
illative firmasse firmadesse
inessive firmas firmades
elative firmast firmadest
allative firmale firmadele
adessive firmal firmadel
ablative firmalt firmadelt
translative firmaks firmadeks
terminative firmani firmadeni
essive firmana firmadena
abessive firmata firmadeta
comitative firmaga firmadega

Further reading

  • “firma”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
  • “firma”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • “firma”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
  • firma in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

Finnish

Etymology

From German Firma, from Italian firma (“signature”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈfirmɑ/, [ˈfirmɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -irmɑ
  • Syllabification(key): fir‧ma

Noun

firma

  1. (informal) firm, company, business
    Synonyms: yhtiö, yritys
  2. (military slang) the Finnish Defense Forces

Declension

Inflection of firma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative firma firmat
genitive firman firmojen
partitive firmaa firmoja
illative firmaan firmoihin
singular plural
nominative firma firmat
accusative nom. firma firmat
gen. firman
genitive firman firmojen
firmain rare
partitive firmaa firmoja
inessive firmassa firmoissa
elative firmasta firmoista
illative firmaan firmoihin
adessive firmalla firmoilla
ablative firmalta firmoilta
allative firmalle firmoille
essive firmana firmoina
translative firmaksi firmoiksi
abessive firmatta firmoitta
instructive — firmoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of firma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative firmani firmani
accusative nom. firmani firmani
gen. firmani
genitive firmani firmojeni
firmaini rare
partitive firmaani firmojani
inessive firmassani firmoissani
elative firmastani firmoistani
illative firmaani firmoihini
adessive firmallani firmoillani
ablative firmaltani firmoiltani
allative firmalleni firmoilleni
essive firmanani firmoinani
translative firmakseni firmoikseni
abessive firmattani firmoittani
instructive — —
comitative — firmoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative firmasi firmasi
accusative nom. firmasi firmasi
gen. firmasi
genitive firmasi firmojesi
firmaisi rare
partitive firmaasi firmojasi
inessive firmassasi firmoissasi
elative firmastasi firmoistasi
illative firmaasi firmoihisi
adessive firmallasi firmoillasi
ablative firmaltasi firmoiltasi
allative firmallesi firmoillesi
essive firmanasi firmoinasi
translative firmaksesi firmoiksesi
abessive firmattasi firmoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — firmoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative firmamme firmamme
accusative nom. firmamme firmamme
gen. firmamme
genitive firmamme firmojemme
firmaimme rare
partitive firmaamme firmojamme
inessive firmassamme firmoissamme
elative firmastamme firmoistamme
illative firmaamme firmoihimme
adessive firmallamme firmoillamme
ablative firmaltamme firmoiltamme
allative firmallemme firmoillemme
essive firmanamme firmoinamme
translative firmaksemme firmoiksemme
abessive firmattamme firmoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — firmoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative firmanne firmanne
accusative nom. firmanne firmanne
gen. firmanne
genitive firmanne firmojenne
firmainne rare
partitive firmaanne firmojanne
inessive firmassanne firmoissanne
elative firmastanne firmoistanne
illative firmaanne firmoihinne
adessive firmallanne firmoillanne
ablative firmaltanne firmoiltanne
allative firmallenne firmoillenne
essive firmananne firmoinanne
translative firmaksenne firmoiksenne
abessive firmattanne firmoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — firmoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative firmansa firmansa
accusative nom. firmansa firmansa
gen. firmansa
genitive firmansa firmojensa
firmainsa rare
partitive firmaansa firmojaan
firmojansa
inessive firmassaan
firmassansa 		firmoissaan
firmoissansa
elative firmastaan
firmastansa 		firmoistaan
firmoistansa
illative firmaansa firmoihinsa
adessive firmallaan
firmallansa 		firmoillaan
firmoillansa
ablative firmaltaan
firmaltansa 		firmoiltaan
firmoiltansa
allative firmalleen
firmallensa 		firmoilleen
firmoillensa
essive firmanaan
firmanansa 		firmoinaan
firmoinansa
translative firmakseen
firmaksensa 		firmoikseen
firmoiksensa
abessive firmattaan
firmattansa 		firmoittaan
firmoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — firmoineen
firmoinensa

Derived terms

compounds

Further reading

Anagrams

Galician

Manuel Antonio's firma ("signature")

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈfiɾma/ [ˈfiɾ.mɐ]
  • Rhymes: -iɾma
  • Hyphenation: fir‧ma

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese firma. Deverbal from firmar.

Noun

firma f (plural firmas)

  1. signature
    Synonym: sinatura
  2. firm, business
    Synonym: compañía

References

  • Ernesto González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “firma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
  • Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “firma”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
  • “firma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “firma” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “firma” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Etymology 2

Verb

firma

  1. inflection of firmar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese firmar-se.

Verb

firma

  1. to stand

Indonesian

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

From Dutch firma, from Italian firma, from Latin firmāre, from firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). Doublet of darma and derma.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈfɪrma]
  • Hyphenation: fir‧ma

Noun

firma (first-person possessive firmaku, second-person possessive firmamu, third-person possessive firmanya)

  1. (business) firm, general partnership.

Further reading

Italian

Etymology 1

Back-formation from firmare, from Latin firmāre, from firmus; cognates include English firm (adjective). Doublet of dharma.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈfir.ma/
  • Rhymes: -irma
  • Hyphenation: fìr‧ma

Noun

firma f (plural firme)

  1. signature
Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

firma

  1. inflection of firmare:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology 1

There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquired this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

firma f (genitive firmae); first declension (Medieval Latin)

  1. tax, tribute
  2. rent
  3. farm
Declension

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative firma firmae
Genitive firmae firmārum
Dative firmae firmīs
Accusative firmam firmās
Ablative firmā firmīs
Vocative firma firmae
Derived terms
Descendants

References

  • firma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to enjoy good health: bona (firma, prospera) valetudine esse or uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
    • a good constitution: firma corporis constitutio or affectio

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Adjective

firma

  1. inflection of firmus:
    1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
    2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Adjective

firmā

  1. ablative feminine singular of firmus

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin firmāre, via Italian firma.

Noun

firma n (definite singular firmaet, indefinite plural firma or firmaer, definite plural firmaene)

  1. a company (business), a firm

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin firmāre, via Italian firma.

Noun

firma n (definite singular firmaet, indefinite plural firma, definite plural firmaa)

  1. a company (business), a firm

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian firma, from Latin firmāre.

Pronunciation

Noun

firma f

  1. company (in legal context, a corporation)

Declension

Declension of firma
singular plural
nominative firma firmy
genitive firmy firm
dative firmie firmom
accusative firmę firmy
instrumental firmą firmami
locative firmie firmach
vocative firmo firmy

Derived terms

adjective

Further reading

  • firma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • firma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

  • Rhymes: (Portugal, São Paulo) -iɾmɐ, (most of Brazil) -iʁmɐ, (Southern Brazil) -iɻma
  • Hyphenation: fir‧ma

Etymology 1

From Italian firma (“signature”), from Latin firmāre (“to make firm, strengthen, fortify”).

Noun

firma f (plural firmas)

  1. company
    Synonyms: empresa, companhia
  2. (law) signature
    Synonyms: assinatura, rubrica

Etymology 2

Verb

firma

  1. inflection of firmar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Romanian

Noun

firma f

  1. definite nominative/accusative singular of firmă

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian firma (“signature”), from Latin firmāre (“to make firm, strengthen, fortify”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /fîːrma/
  • Hyphenation: fir‧ma

Noun

fȋrma f (Cyrillic spelling фи̑рма)

  1. firm, company
    Synonyms: poduzéće, preduzéće; kompànija; tvȑtka

Declension

Declension of firma
singular plural
nominative firma firme
genitive firme firmi
dative firmi firmama
accusative firmu firme
vocative firmo firme
locative firmi firmama
instrumental firmom firmama

Spanish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Deverbal from firmar (“to sign”).

Noun

firma f (plural firmas)

  1. signature
  2. seal
  3. (business) company
    Synonym: empresa
Derived terms
Descendants
See also

Etymology 2

Verb

firma

  1. inflection of firmar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

Swedish

Etymology

From Italian firma.

Pronunciation

Noun

firma c

  1. a firm, a company

Declension

Declension of firma 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative firma firman firmor firmorna
Genitive firmas firmans firmors firmornas

Derived terms

Turkish

Etymology

From German firma.

Noun

firma (definite accusative firmayı, plural firmalar)

  1. firm

Declension

Inflection
Nominative firma
Definite accusative firmayı
Singular Plural
Nominative firma firmalar
Definite accusative firmayı firmaları
Dative firmaya firmalara
Locative firmada firmalarda
Ablative firmadan firmalardan
Genitive firmanın firmaların

Yogad

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish firma.

Noun

firma

  1. signature
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